The effect of resveratrol on sphingosine-1 and oxidative/ nitrosative stress in an experimental heart ischemia reperfusion model

Objectives: Resveratrol (RSV) is a natural polyphenolic compound showing significant antioxidant effects. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of resveratrol on the sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) and oxidative stress biomarkers in hearth ischemia-reperfusion (I/R). Materials and Methods: The biochemical and histopathological effects of RSV on cardiac ischemia-reperfusion injury were investigated through ELISA- and light microscope. Results: We observed statistically significant differences between the treatment group and the control group in terms of malondialdehyde (MDA) level, catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities (p<0.05). Histopathologically, we also observed decreased Polymorphonuclear Leucocyte (PMNL) infiltration, myocardial edema, miyositolysis in the treatment group compared to the I/R and sham groups. Conclusion: Resveratrol may play an important role in cardiac I/R injury through its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects which were biochemically and histopathologically confirmed in the present study

Effect of decompressive surgery on spine balance in congenital lumbar kyphoscoliosis: anatomical aspect with a case report

The lumbar vertebral column is a complex structure formed by the fusion of intervertebral joints. It protects the spinal cord by wrapping around it, carries most of the body’s weight and creates a flexible structure for the body. As individuals with congenital deformities of the lumbar vertebral column age, they develop some changes in the anatomy of the spine and with some consequences. In this case, a 35-year-old male patient had a deteriorated posture together with back pain since childhood. He had walking difficulty and numbness in two legs during walking for the last three years. He fell due to a sudden brake while he was travelling afoot by bus in 2015. He was admitted to the emergency service with loss of strength in two legs. Lumbar CT and MRI showed a severe narrowing of the spinal canal due to lumbar kyphoscoliosis. The patient had neurological deficits after hyperflexion trauma. The patient underwent emergency decompressive surgery due to marked paraparesis and narrow spinal canal. At the end of the first post-operative month, his clinical complaints were almost completely resolved, and his biomechanical balance did not show radiological deterioration. While the anatomical change that occurred during the natural course of congenital kyphoscoliosis increased the stability of the lumbar spine, it severely narrowed the spinal canal and affected the spinal nerves and thereby caused severe neurological deficits

Hypertrophy of the transverse ligament caused by os odontoideum: a case report

Os odontoideum is a small oval or round shaped bone fragment observed as the most common congenital anomaly of theodontoid process. Since it causes a slowly increasing mobility or instability in the atlanto-axial joint, sudden death, tetraplegia, chronic neck pain, headache, torticollis and myelopathy may develop. The spinal canal widens initially at the craniocervical junction and symptoms can occur at a very late stage. In this case, clinical complaints emerged after the age of 35.There was no other neurological finding and no history of recent trauma in this case presenting with severe neck pain. Thiscase report shows how ligaments, the supporting connective tissue elements, can be thickened to maintain stability whenthe stability of the cervical spine is impaired. Since it may cause sudden death even when asymptomatic, it is important torecognize this pathology and to distinguish os odontoideum from odontoid fractures in trauma patient

Effect of combination treatment of protocatechuic acid with 5-fluorouracil and oxaliplatin on colon cancer Caco-2 cell line

151-158Among the most common antitumor drugs used in the treatment of colon cancer are 5-fluorouracil and oxaliplatin (5-FU and OXA). However, both these drugs have many side effects, and hence there is a need for new treatment\approach to reduce the side effects aas well as drug concentration. In this context, here, we investigated the effect of addition of protocatechuic acid (PCA) onto either monotherapies or combination therapies of 5-FU and OXA on the human colon cancer (Caco-2) cell line. In addition, we did evaluate the synergistic effect of PCA with 5-FU and OXA. Further, we determined the suppressive effects of different doses of PCA alone or in combination with 5-FU/OXA on cell proliferation after 24 and 48 hours. We identified a suppressive effect of PCA on cell viability at 48 h starting from the dose of 50 μM Matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) and MMP-9 gene expression levels and apoptotic effects showed significant increases and decreases depending on the dose and time applied in the experimental groups. The highest synergistic activity was seen at 2:1 concentration of 5-FU+ PCA. Our findings indicate the presence of the cytotoxic and apoptotic effects of PCA in Caco-2 cells at 48 h, increasing with a dose- and time-dependent manner

Quantitative evaluation of brain volumes in drug-free major depressive disorder using MRI-Cloud method

Background Quantitative analysis of the high-resolution T1-weighted images provides useful markers to measure anatomical changes during brain degeneration related to major depressive disorder (MDD). However, there are controversial findings regarding these volume alterations in MDD indicating even to increased volumes in some specific regions in MDD patients. Methods This study is a case-controlled study including 23 depression patients and 15 healthy subject person and 20-38 years of age, who have been treated at the Neurology and Psychiatry Department here. We compared specific anatomic regions between drug-free MDD patients and control group through MRI-Cloud, which is a novel brain imaging method that enables to analyze multiple brain regions simultaneously. Results We have found that frontal, temporal, and parietal hemispheric volumes and middle frontal gyrus, inferior frontal gyrus, superior parietal gyrus, cingulum-hippocampus, lateral fronto-orbital gyrus, superior temporal gyrus, superior temporal white matter, middle temporal gyrus subanatomic regions were significantly reduced bilaterally in MDD patients compared to the control group, while striatum, amygdala, putamen, and nucleus accumbens bilaterally increased in MDD group compared to the control group suggesting that besides the heterogeneity among studies, also comorbid factors such as anxiety and different personal traits could be responsible for these discrepant results. Conclusion Our study gives a strong message that depression is associated with altered structural brain volumes, especially, in drug-free and first-episode MDD patients who present with similar duration and severity of depression while the role of demographic and comorbid risk factors should not be neglected.Alanya Alaaddin Keykubat Universit