A Real Test System For Power System Planning, Operation, and Reliability

Made available in DSpace on 2018-11-26T17:48:24Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2018-04-01Nowadays, several test systems available in the specialized literature are used to verify studies regarding power system planning or network reliability. However, there are no test systems currently available with enough information in order to endorse studies that simultaneously approach expansion planning, operation, and reliability issues. This paper introduces a real test system, including the load modeling, and generation and transmission systems. The main objective is to provide all the details and information required to evaluate methods and models developed for power system planning, operation, and reliability. The presented load modeling includes hourly, daily, weekly, monthly, and seasonal patterns. Furthermore, besides the substation data, reliability details, construction costs, and characteristics of right of ways (e.g., line length, impedance, and ratings) for the transmission system are exposed. The real transmission system presented contains 39 buses, 135 transformers, and 66 lines at two voltage levels: 230 and 400 kV. Finally, the generation system reliability data as well as operation and installation costs for each unit are also provided.Sao Paulo State Univ, Fac Engn Ilha Solteira Campus, Dept Elect Engn, Ilha Solteira, SP, BrazilShahid Beheshti Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Tehran, IranUniv Tehran, Sch Elect & Comp Engn, Coll Engn, Tehran, IranSao Paulo State Univ, Fac Engn Ilha Solteira Campus, Dept Elect Engn, Ilha Solteira, SP, Brazi

Dynamic Market-Based Generation-Transmission Expansion Planning Considering Fixed Series Compensation Allocation

This paper presents a market-based multi-period generation-transmission expansion planning (GTEP) along with fixed series compensation (FSC) allocation. FSCs can dispatch power more efficiently over the transmission network as well as trading opportunities for market participants and thus improve market surplus and reduce the total transmission investment. The proposed planning may accordingly enhance network efficiency and improve social welfare for all participants. The proposed model is structured as a mixed integer linear programming (MILP) problem. The CPLEX solver, as a commercial solver, is used to solve this MILP problem. Moreover, to find a reliable and viable optimal topology, N - 1 security criterion is employed through the proposed model. This criterion is used to take into account any unanticipated operating condition due to unexpected transmission line failures. The proposed model is applied to the Garver and IEEE 24-bus systems as well-known systems to show the effectiveness of FSC in dynamic GTEP

Changes in phytoplankton composition in response to tides, wind-induced mixing conditions, and freshwater outflows in an urbanised estuarine complex

Recent reports have shown an increase in potentially harmful phytoplankton in Santos bay (Southeastern Brazilian Coast), located in a highly urbanised estuarine complex. Prediction of blooms is, thus, essential but the phytoplankton community structure in very dynamic regions is difficult to determine. In the present work, we discriminate bloom forming microphytoplankton dominance and their relationship to physical and meteorological variables to look for patterns observed in different tides and seasons. Comparing 8 distinct situations, we found five scenarios of dominance that could be related to winds, tides and rainfall: i) Surfers, diatoms occurring during high surf zone energies; ii) Sinkers, represented by larger celled diatoms during spring tide, after periods of high precipitation rates; iii) Opportunistic mixers, composed of chain forming diatoms with small or elongate cells occurring during neap tides; iv) Local mixers, microplanktonic diatoms and dinoflagellates which occurred throughout the 298 sampling stations; and v) Mixotrophic dinoflagellates, after intense estuarine discharges. Results suggest alterations in the temporal patterns for some bloom-forming species, while others appeared in abundances above safe limits for public health. This approach can also illustrate possible impacts of changes in freshwater discharge in highly urbanised estuaries