Investigation of the expression levels of CPEB4, APC, TRIP13, EIF2S3, EIF4A1, IFNg, PIK3CA and CTNNB1 genes in different stage colorectal tumors

Background/aim: The aim of the study is to assess expression levels of CPEB4, APC, TRIP13, EIF2S3, EIF4A1, IFNg, PIK3CA and CTNNB1 genes in tumors and peripheral bloods of colorectal cancer patients in stages I–IV. Materials and methods: The mRNA levels of the genes were determined in tumor tissues and peripheral blood samples of 45 colorectal cancer patients and colon tissues and peripheral blood samples of 5 healthy individuals. Real-time polymerase chain reaction method was used for the analysis. Results: The mRNA level of the CPEB4 gene was significantly downregulated in colorectal tumor tissues and was upregulated in the peripheral blood of colorectal cancer patients relative to the controls (P < 0.05). APC mRNA level was significantly downregulated in tissues and upregulated in the peripheral blood (P < 0.05). TRIP13 mRNA level was upregulated in peripheral blood and also significantly upregulated in colorectal tumor tissues (P < 0.05). EIF2S3 mRNA level was upregulated in tissues and also significantly upregulated in peripheral blood (P < 0.05). PIK3CA mRNA level was downregulated in tissues and upregulated in peripheral blood. EIF4A1 mRNA level was downregulated in tissues and significantly upregulated in peripheral blood (P < 0.05). CTNNB1 mRNA level was downregulated in tissues and upregulated in peripheral blood. IFNg mRNA level was upregulated in both colorectal cancer tumor tissues and peripheral blood. Conclusion: TRIP13 and CPEB4 mRNA up regulation in the peripheral blood of patients with colorectal cancer may be a potential target for early stage diagnosis. In addition to this evaluation, although there is not much study on EIF2S3 and EIF4A1 mRNA changes in cases with colorectal cancer, upregulation in peripheral blood draws attention in our study. These data will shed light on the new comprehensive studies

Platyceps collaris (Müller 1878), P. najadum (Eichwald 1831), Zamenis hohenackeri

Abstract. The present study is on the morphologies and sizes of peripheral blood cells (erythrocytes, leucocytes and thrombocytes) of thirty two Turkish snake species from blood smears, stained with Wright&apos;s stain

Morphology of Peripheral Blood Cells from Various Species of Turkish Herpetofauna

In this study, measurements of morphological and size parameters of peripheral blood cells (erythrocyte, leucocyte, thrombocyte) on blood smear preparation devices stained with Wright&rsquo;s stain were given for 87 species from Turkish herpetofauna (19 amphibian species including 7 urodeles and 12 anurans as well as 68 reptile species including 4 turtles, 30 lizards and 34 snakes). It was determined that erythrocyte and nucleus sizes showed great variations among the species of herpetofauna and even among the preparations of the same species; the largest blood cells (erythrocyte, leucocyte, thrombocyte) were found in urodeles; aquatic and semiaquatic species had larger erythrocytes than terrestrials, and the largest erythrocytes were in turtles among the reptile species examined. Lymphocytes were determined as the predominant cells among the blood leucocytes in blood smears of all the examined species

The place of inferior vena cava diameter and proBNP levels in determining the fluid balance of medical intensive care patients

Objective: Fast and accurate detection of fluid balance in intensive care patients is of special significance. Many different methods are used to determine the fluid balance. In this study, we aimed to determine the fluid balance of patients in the medical intensive care unit using measurement of the inferior vena cava diameter and pro-brain natriuretic peptide (proBNP). Patients and Methods: Patients admitted to the medical intensive care unit between September 2013 and February 2011 were enrolled in the study. Inferior vena cava diameter was measured with a portable ultrasonography, according to guidelines published by the American Echocardiography Association. For pro BNP measurement, samples were taken simultaneously with ultrasonography. Results: One hundred and twenty-six patients (70 male,55.6%) were enrolled for the study. Mean age was 57.8 +/- 19.8 (18-89 years). Ninety-six (76.2%) patients were receiving mechanical ventilation support. Mean proBNP levels were 10645.88 +/- 12731.08 pg/ml. There was no statistically significant difference between proBNP levels in patients according to the fluid status. Collapsibility index was not statistically different according to the volume status (p=0.75). Conclusion: proBNP levels were not correlated with the fluid balance. proBNP levels and inferior vena cava diameters were negatively but weakly correlated

In vitro activity of amphotericin B, fluconazole and itraconazole against Candida glabrata strains isolated from clinical samples

In recent years, the incidence of Candida albicans infections tends to decrease, at least in some centers other Candida species have emerged as opportunistic pathogens. Among non-albicans Candida species, C.glabrata is one of the most frequently isolated species. In this study, the in vitro activities of amphotericin B, itraconazole and fluconazole were tested against 134 clinical C.glabrata strains. The isolation and identification of the isolates were done by standard mycological methods. Microbroth susceptibility tests were done in accordance with CLSI microdilution method (M27A-2). MICs were read at both 24 and 48 hours. At 24 h, MIC range, MIC50 and MIC90 values for amphotericin B were 0.5-4 mu g/ml, 2 mu g/ml and 4 mu g/ml, respectively. At 48 h, MIC range, MIC50 and MIC90 values for amphotericin B were 2-4 mu g/ml, 4 mu g/ml and 4 mu g/ml respectively. At 24 h, 97% of the isolates were susceptible (S) and 3% were dose-dependent susceptible (S-DD) to fluconazole. None of the isolates were resistant (R) to fluconazole at this time point. At 48 h, 94% of the isolates were S, 5.2% were S-DD and 0.8% were R to fluconazole. At 24 h, 20.9% of the isolates were S, 73.1% were S-DD and 6% were R to itraconazole. At 48 h, 0.8% of the isolates were S, 62.7% were S-DD and 36.5% were R to itraconazole. These results suggest that although C.glabrata strains that were isolated in our hospital were rarely resistant to fluconazole, resistance rate to itraconazole is relatively high. Most of the isolates that are resistant to itraconazole remain susceptible to fluconazole

Investigation on Influence of Conditions of Precipitation Hardening Process on the Formability of AA2024 Alloy

Bu çalışmada, uzay ve havacılık endüstrilerinde sıkça kullanılan Al 2024 sac malzemenin çökelme sertleşmesi işlemi koşullarının mekanik özelliklere, Ericksen İndeksine etkisi ANOVA analiz ve Yapay Sinir Ağı Tabanlı Bulanık Mantık yöntemleriyle incelenmiştir. Ayrıca etkili parametrelerin sac malzemenin Şekillendirme Sınır Eğrisine etkisi de incelenmiştir. Optimum ısıl işlem koşullarını belirlemek amacıyla, çözeltiye alma sıcaklığı, fırında bekletme, suya verme gecikme süreleri ve ısıtma hızının malzemenin mekanik özelliklerine ve Ericksen İndeksine etkisi öncelikle ANOVA analiz yöntemiyle incelenmiş ve elde edilen deneysel sonuçlara göre deney sisteminin yapay sinir ağı tabanlı bulanık mantık modeli oluşturulmuştur. Bu modelleme tekniğinin doğrulanmasında deneysel veriler kullanılmış ve sistem parametrelerinin şekillendirilebilirliğine etkisi üzerinde tahmin kabiliyeti belirlenmiştir. Çözeltiye alma sıcaklığının en efektif parametre olduğu ve solüsyona alma süresi ve suya verme gecikme süresinin ise daha az etkili olduğu belirlenmiştir. Sonuç olarak, 493Cde 30 dakika çözeltiye alma ve 2 sn gibi çok kısa bir sürede suya verme koşullarında optimum özelliklerin elde edilebileceği anlaşılmıştır.In this study, influence of precipitation hardening process conditions of AA2024 aluminum alloy which is widely used in aerospace and aviation industries on its Ericksen Index and mechanical properties was investigated by using ANOVA analysis and artificial neural network based fuzzy logic methods. Moreover, effects of the effective factors on anisotropy coefficient and Forming Limit Curve were also researched. Firstly, effects of solution temperature, soak time, quenching delay and heating rate on material properties and EI determine the optimal heat treatment conditions and model of artificial neural network based fuzzy logic was constructed according to the obtained results. The experimental data were used for validate this model technique and the predictability of the constructed model on influence o