Citizens for Peace Minutes 1-11-11

This article presents data from a research that aims to show how mobilizations of mathematical knowledge occur when solving Physics tasks, considering the records of semiotic representation. To demonstrate the above, we present a qualitative analysis focused on the transformability of the records of semiotic representation of three tasks that were part of one of the instruments used in field research, as well as a summary explaining what they meant by Duval records of semiotic representation. In the end we present some considerations that point to the difficulties students may run into at the time of solving Physics tasks, which are somehow associated with the transformation of a record of semiotic representation

Prevalence of constipation in adults with obesity class II and III and associated factors

BACKGROUND: Constipation and obesity have common risk factors. However, little is known about the occurrence of constipation in individuals with severe obesity and the associated factors. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the prevalence of intestinal constipation and its associated factors in adults with obesity class II and III. METHOD: This study analyzed baseline data from a randomized clinical trial with adults aged 18–64 with a Body Mass Index (BMI) ≥ 35 kg/m2, living in the metropolitan region of Goiânia, Brazil. Data were collected using a questionnaire containing sociodemographic, lifestyle, level of obesity, presence of comorbidities, water intake and food consumption variables. The outcome variable was constipation assessed by the Rome III criteria and the Bristol Stool Form Scale. Multiple Poisson regression analysis was used to assess the association between explanatory variables and the outcome. RESULTS: Among the 150 participants, the prevalence of constipation was 24.67% (95% CI: 17.69–31.64). After multiple regression analyses constipation was associated with polypharmacy (adjusted PR: 2.99, 95% CI: 1.18–7.57, p = 0.021), younger age group i.e. 18–29 years (adjusted PR: 3.12, 95% CI: 1.21–8.06, p = 0.019) and former smoking (adjusted PR: 3.24, 95% CI: 1.28–9.14, p = 0.014). There was no statistically significant association between constipation and daily consumption of fiber-rich foods, however, the non-consumption of whole grains was borderline significant (adjusted PR: 2.92, 95% CI: 1.00 to 8.49, p = 0.050). CONCLUSION: A high prevalence of constipation was found in adults with obesity class II and III. Constipation was significantly associated with the simultaneous use of five or more medications, younger age group and being a former smoker

A formação para ensinar matemática oferecida no curso normal de São Paulo e as influências que orientavam a direção desse curso ao longo dos primeiros anos de sua existência

Este artigo, resultado de pesquisa realizada, tem como finalidade identificar como o Curso Normal de São Paulo, desde sua criação até a década de 1930 formou professores para atuar no período de escolarização que hoje se denomina anos iniciais do Ensino Fundamental. Por meio de uma análise documental discute como se dava a preparação para ensinar Matemática, buscando indícios das influências que orientavam a direção desse curso durante os primeiros anos de sua existência. Foram analisados documentos elaborados por órgãos normativos e instituições formadoras, manuais didáticos e revistas destinadas ao ensino e à formação do professor. A pesquisa evidenciou, no Período do Império, o predomínio de uma formação genérica, assentada nos fundamentos da moral e bons costumes, o aumento da quantidade de disciplinas sob a influência do positivismo na época da Proclamação da República, e o foco nos Fundamentos da Educação e a influência da Psicologia a partir de 1920.  Palavras chave: Formação de professores. Conhecimentos matemáticos. Curso norma

UM ESTUDO SOBRE A IMPLANTAÇAO DO CRÉDIT SCORE, PARA MAXIMIZAR O POTENCIAL DA POLITICA DE CRÉDITO EM UMA ADMINISTRADORA DE CONSÓRCIO

O sistema de consórcio pode ser considero uma “poupança programada” com intuito de adquirir bens e serviços, através de seu próprio autofinanciamento. Uma das responsabilidades da administradora de consórcios é gerir a concessão de crédito. Neste processo inserem-se riscos que devem ser administrados com propósito de minimizá-los, por meio de uma eficaz política de credito adotada pela instituição responsável. Para eficácia, do processo de analise de crédito, as empresas devem adotar parâmetros e procedimentos adequados para a liberação de crédito, com intuito de que consequências negativas não se abatam sobre a instituição e demais clientes. Neste artigo se teve por objetivo identificar os procedimentos de analise de crédito e propor melhorias ao sistema utilizado, por meio da implantação do sistema credit score, potencializando assim sua política de crédito. Trata-se de uma pesquisa de tipo descritivo, e natureza quantitativa. A coleta de dados se deu por meio de consultas bibliográficas e analise de conteúdos e dados primários e secundários, além de observação participante. Percebeu-se, assim a necessidade de grande comprometimento e responsabilidade que a instituição estudada deve ter em seus critérios de analise, visto que sua prestação de serviço seja em função de administrar o interesse de terceiros além de seus objetivos econômicos

Serum and Dietary Vitamin D in Individuals with Class II and III Obesity: Prevalence and Association with Metabolic Syndrome

The association between vitamin D deficiency and metabolic syndrome (MS) in severe obesity is unclear and controversial. We analyzed serum and dietary vitamin D and their association with MS in 150 adults with class II and III obesity (BMI ≥ 35 kg/m2) from the DieTBra Trial (NCT02463435). MS parameters were high fasting blood glucose, low HDL cholesterol, high triglycerides, elevated waist circumference, and hypertension. Vitamin D deficiency was considered as a level &lt; 20 ng/mL. We performed multivariate Poisson regression adjusted for sociodemographic and lifestyle variables. The prevalence of serum vitamin D deficiency was 13.3% (mean 29.9 ± 9.4 ng/mL) and dietary vitamin D median was 51.3 IU/day. There were no significant associations between vitamin D, serum, and diet and sociodemographic variables, lifestyle, and class of obesity. Serum vitamin D deficiency was associated with age ≥ 50 years (p = 0.034). After a fully adjusted multivariate Poisson regression, MS and its parameters were not associated with serum or dietary vitamin D, except for lower HDL, which was associated with serum vitamin D deficiency (PR = 0.71, 95% CI 0.52–0.97; p = 0.029). Severe obese individuals had a low prevalence of vitamin D deficiency, which was not associated with MS.</jats:p

A ORGANIZAÇÃO DA CAFEICULTURA EM SÃO SEBASTIÃO DO PARAÍSO - MG

The aim of this work is to demonstrate the main aspects of coffee plantation in a municipalilY of State of Minas Gerais. The authors used the Theory of Modernization of Agriculture stated by PAIV~ (1970~;.&nbsp;the model for the study of modernization suggested by MESQUITA, GUSMAO e SIL(1976) as the theorical and methodological basis for their work. The study was supported by census and interview data and the authors achieved to following conclusions.El objetivo de este trabajo es demostrar los aspectos principales de la plantación de café en un municipio del estado de Minas Gerais. Los autores utilizaron la Teoría de la Modernización de la Agricultura establecida por PAIV ~ (1970 ~; el modelo para el estudio de la modernización sugerido por MESQUITA, GUSMAO y SIL (1976) como la base teórica y metodológica para su trabajo. El estudio fue apoyado por datos del censo y la entrevista y los autores llegaron a las siguientes conclusiones. &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;O objetivo deste trabalho é demonstrar os principais aspectos da cafeicultura em um município de Minas Gerais. Os autores utilizaram a Teoria da Modernização da Agricultura, declarada por PAIV (1970); o modelo para o estudo da modernização sugerido por MESQUITA, GUSMAO e SIL (1976) como base teórica e metodológica para seu trabalho. dados do censo e da entrevista e os autores alcançaram as seguintes conclusões

ISBE – set out for a Systems Biology Infrastructure for Europe

Systems biology requires the availability, co-ordination and simultaneous interaction of a large number of diverse facilities and activities. These cover an entire spectrum, from mathematical modelling, through biological, biomedical and clinical experiments, to dedicated technology development. The systems biology community needs close cooperation with data-generation groups and bioinformaticians to define a strategy for producing life-science data of sufficiently high quality for model generation. For each medical, biological or biotechnological problem addressed, the optimal combination of facilities and activities is likely to be different. The complexity of biological systems, and the diversity and dynamics of their processes, means that a full analysis is far too complex to be handled by a single entity, industry or country – a variety of specialist expertise and facilities are typically necessary to achieve results suitable for modelling. Systems-level approaches for tackling the complexity of life-science data provide a profound conceptual advance compared to reductionist biological research methods of the past. Rather than focusing on individual laboratories, specialising in a limited number of research technologies, the Infrastructure for Systems Biology in Europe (ISBE) will facilitate the synergistic application of a wide range of research techniques and technologies to problems of major medical and biotechnological importance

Nutritional value of meat lipid fraction from red-legged partridge (Alectoris rufa) obtained from wild and farmed specimens

Research Areas; Agriculture, Dairy & Animal ScienceArticle in International JournalABSTRACT - The red-legged partridge (Alectoris rufa) is a feathered game species of great socioeconomic importance in its native range and also in the UK. The aim of this study was to present a detailed comparison of meat's lipid fraction obtained from wild and farm-raised specimens and simultaneously compare the breast and leg meat portions. Meat from wild specimens had a significant (P < 0.05) lower proportion of saturated fatty acid (less 5.1%) and presented better P/S and n-6/n-3 ratios, and atherogenicity index than farm-raised counterparts. The wild specimens presented significant (P < 0.001) higher contents of total vitamin E (8.8 vs. 2.2 mu g/g of fresh meat), is for that reason less prone to lipid peroxidation than farm-raised specimens. Meat portions differed significantly (P < 0.05) on total lipid and total cholesterol contents and in all partial sums of fatty acids. The breast was leaner (0.86 vs. 1.47 g/100 g of meat), with lower total cholesterol (37.5 vs. 54.7 mg/100 g of meat), lower saturated fatty acid, monounsaturated fatty acid, polyunsaturated fatty acid, and n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid (less 0.27, 0.28, 0.10, and 0.11 g/100 g of fresh meat, correspondingly). Regarding the fatty acid ratios and lipid quality indexes, breast meat presents better n-6/n-3 ratio and atherogenicity and thrombogenicity indexes.CIISAinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Bone Mineral Density in Severely Obese Women: Health Risk and Health Protective Risk Factors in Three Different Bone Sites

Factors associated with bone mineral density (BMD) are poorly known in severely obese individuals i.e., a body mass index (BMI) > 35 kg/m^{2}. The objectives of this study were to describe the bone health profile of severely obese Brazilian women, to identify the health risk and health protective factors for BMD in this group and to assess whether these factors vary according to three different bone sites. BMD was assessed using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). This study analyzed baseline data from 104 women who had an average BMI of 43.7 ± 4.5 kg/m^{2} and presented the following BMD status: 1.283 ± 0.094 g/cm2 for total body, 1.062 ± 0.159 g/cm^{2} for vertebral column and 1.195 ± 0.134 g/cm2 for hip. They took part in the “Effect of nutritional intervention and olive oil in severe obesity” randomized clinical trial (DieTBra Trial). The risk factors negatively associated with lower BMD were age ≥50 years for the three bone sites i.e., total body, vertebral column and hip. Smoking for total body BMD (p = 0.045); BMI ≥ 50kg/m^{2} for vertebral column and hip; menopause for hip; high C-reactive protein (CRP) levels (p = 0.049), insufficient zinc (p = 0.010) and previous fracture for vertebral column (p = 0.007). The protective factors positively associated with BMD were physical activity (≥150 min/week (p = 0.001)) for hip; type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) (p < 0.0001) total body and adequate vitamin D levels from food consumption (p = 0.039) for vertebral column. A BMI ≥ 50 kg/m^{2} was a risk factor for lower BMD. The findings showed that protective and risk factors varied by bone site. The original study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov. (protocol number: NCT02463435)