3,436 research outputs found
Retinal nerve fibre layer thinning is associated with drug resistance in epilepsy.
Retinal nerve fibre layer (RNFL) thickness is related to the axonal anterior visual pathway and is considered a marker of overall white matter 'integrity'. We hypothesised that RNFL changes would occur in people with epilepsy, independently of vigabatrin exposure, and be related to clinical characteristics of epilepsy
N-player quantum games in an EPR setting
The -player quantum game is analyzed in the context of an
Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) experiment. In this setting, a player's
strategies are not unitary transformations as in alternate quantum
game-theoretic frameworks, but a classical choice between two directions along
which spin or polarization measurements are made. The players' strategies thus
remain identical to their strategies in the mixed-strategy version of the
classical game. In the EPR setting the quantum game reduces itself to the
corresponding classical game when the shared quantum state reaches zero
entanglement. We find the relations for the probability distribution for
-qubit GHZ and W-type states, subject to general measurement directions,
from which the expressions for the mixed Nash equilibrium and the payoffs are
determined. Players' payoffs are then defined with linear functions so that
common two-player games can be easily extended to the -player case and
permit analytic expressions for the Nash equilibrium. As a specific example, we
solve the Prisoners' Dilemma game for general . We find a new
property for the game that for an even number of players the payoffs at the
Nash equilibrium are equal, whereas for an odd number of players the
cooperating players receive higher payoffs.Comment: 26 pages, 2 figure
A computational proof of locality in entanglement
In this paper the design and proof of concept (POC) coding of a local hidden
variables computer model is presented. The program violates the Clauser, Horne,
Shimony and Holt inequality CHSH . In our numerical experiment,
we find with our local computer program, CHSH
On the Complex Network Structure of Musical Pieces: Analysis of Some Use Cases from Different Music Genres
This paper focuses on the modeling of musical melodies as networks. Notes of
a melody can be treated as nodes of a network. Connections are created whenever
notes are played in sequence. We analyze some main tracks coming from different
music genres, with melodies played using different musical instruments. We find
out that the considered networks are, in general, scale free networks and
exhibit the small world property. We measure the main metrics and assess
whether these networks can be considered as formed by sub-communities. Outcomes
confirm that peculiar features of the tracks can be extracted from this
analysis methodology. This approach can have an impact in several multimedia
applications such as music didactics, multimedia entertainment, and digital
music generation.Comment: accepted to Multimedia Tools and Applications, Springe
Renormalisation of heavy-light light ray operators
We calculate the renormalisation of different light ray operators with one
light degree of freedom and a static heavy quark. Both - and
-kernels are considered. A comparison with the light-light case suggests
that the mixing with three-particle operators is solely governed by the light
degrees of freedom. Additionally we show that conformal symmetry is already
broken at the level of the one loop counterterms due to the additional
UV-renormalisation of a cusp in the two contributing Wilson-lines. This general
feature can be used to fix the -renormalisation kernels up to a
constant. Some examples for applications of our results are given.Comment: 23 pages, 5 figures; v2: changed some wording, added a few references
and one appendix concerning some subtleties related to gauge fixing and ghost
terms; v3: clarified calculation in section 3.2., added an explicit
calculation in section 5.2, corrected a few typos and one figure, added a few
comments, results unchanged, except for typesetting matches version to appear
in JHE
The luminosity function of field galaxies
Schmidt's method for construction of luminosity function of galaxies is
generalized by taking into account the dependence of density of galaxies from
the distance in the near Universe. The logarithmical luminosity function (LLF)
of field galaxies depending on morphological type is constructed. We show that
the LLF for all galaxies, and also separately for elliptical and lenticular
galaxies can be presented by Schechter function in narrow area of absolute
magnitudes. The LLF of spiral galaxies was presented by Schechter function for
enough wide area of absolute magnitudes: . Spiral galaxies differ slightly by
parameter . At transition from early spirals to the late spirals parameter in
Schechter function is reduced. The reduction of mean luminosity of galaxies is
observed at transition from elliptical galaxies to lenticular galaxies, to
early spiral galaxies, and further, to late spiral galaxies, in a bright end, .
The completeness and the average density of samples of galaxies of different
morphological types are estimated. In the range the mean number density of all
galaxies is equal 0.127 Mpc-3.Comment: 14 page, 8 figures, to appear in Astrophysic
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