Populational fluctuation and spatial distribution of Alphitobius diaperinus (Panzer) (Coleoptera; Tenebrionidae) in a poultry house, Cascavel, Parana state, Brazil.

Abstract Knowledge of the population fluctuation and spatial distribution of pests is fundamental for establishing an appropriate control method. The population fluctuation and spatial distribution of the Alphitobius diaperinus in a poultry house in Cascavel, in the state of Parana, Brazil, was studied between October, 2001 and October 2002. Larvae and adults of the lesser mealworm were sampled weekly using Arends tube traps (n = 22) for six consecutive flock grow-outs. The temperature of the litter and of the poultry house was measured at the same locations of the tube traps. Beetle numbers increased continuously throughout all the sampling dates (average 5,137 in the first week and 18,494 insects on the sixth week). Significantly greater numbers of larvae were collected than adults (1 to 20 times in 95% of the sampling points). There was no correlation between temperature and the number of larvae and adults collected, therefore no fluctuation was observed during the sampling period. The population growth was correlated to litter re-use. The highest temperatures were observed in deep litter. The spatial distribution of larvae and adults in the poultry house was heterogeneous during the whole period of evaluation. Results suggest that monitoring in poultry houses is necessary prior to adopting and evaluating control measures due to the great variability of the insect distribution in the poultry house. Keywords: lesser mealworm, poultry house, temperature, population dynamicbitstream/item/78871/1/ID-27879.pd

A importância da verificação das sondas na secagem industrial de madeira

Comunicação apresentada no 4.º Congresso Florestal Nacional que decorreu em Évora em 2001.A grande vantagem da secagem artificial é permitir obter madeira com um teor de água mais adequado para o fim a que se destina, o que nem sempre é possível na secagem natural. No entanto, nunca devemos deixar de ter presente que a madeira é um material higroscópico, anisotrópico e heterogéneo, e portanto, a homogeneidade final pretendida é muito difícil de obter. Como as condições dos secadores são normalmente estabelecidas em função da humidade da madeira em secagem, e os programas prevêem um número relativamente elevado de alterações nas variáveis envolvidas no processo, torna-se necessário estimar frequentemente o teor de humidade da madeira. Portanto essas estimativas devem ser ao mesmo tempo precisas e práticas. Verificou-se, através do teste de Scheffe a 95% de confiança, que a secagem dentro da mesma peça de madeira não é homogénea para valores iguais ou inferiores a 12%, sendo necessário efectuar a leitura em vários pontos da mesma. Para valores de 14% e 15% não existem diferenças significativas do teor em água ao longa da peça. Efectuou-se um estudo preliminar onde se pretende comprovar a importância da posição da colocação das sondas na madeira, e também tentar aplicar as normas europeias às dificuldades existentes em Portugal

Determinação de aflatoxinas em milho por cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência com detecção por fluorescência - CLAE/DF.

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Resonant and nonresonant D+ -> K- pi+ l+ nu(l) semileptonic decays

We analyse the semileptonic decay D+ -> K- pi+ l+ nu(l) using an effective Lagrangian developed previously to describe the decays D -> P l nu(l) and D -> V l nu(l). Light vector mesons are included in the model which combines the heavy quark effective Lagrangian and chiral perturbation theory approach. The nonresonant and resonant contributions are compared. With no new parameters the model correctly reproduces the measured ratio Gamma(nres)/Gamma(nres + res). We also present useful nonresonant decay distributions. Finally, a similar model, but with a modified current which satisfies the soft pion theorems at the expense of introducing another parameter, is analyzed and the results of the models are compared.Comment: 17 pages, 3 Postscript figures, standard Latex, extended revision, title, abstract and text (especially Sec. IV) changed, results unchange

Kiln dry probes verification for maritime pine and eucalyptus wood

Comunicação apresentada na 8th International IUFRO Wood Drying Conference, que decorreu de 28 a 29 de Agosto em Brasov na Roménia.Proper technical drying is a condition for processing sawn timber into high quality products. The drying process is a phase with an extreme importance in wood transformation process, because it gives a significant improvement to the characteristics of workability, prevents damage during transport and insects or fungi attack (Tsoumis, 1991; Walker, 1993). One of the most critical and important phases in the kiln dry is the perfect knowledge of moisture evolution in wood that is drying and is given by the probes measures. Therefore, it became necessary estimate frequently the wood moisture content, which should be at the same time accurate and practical. The objective of the present study is to verify the fiability of the data given by different probes types, and between the values given by this and the ones obtains by laboratory. This work was done in 2 different industrial dryers and in a laboratory dryer. There were executed several simple regression analysis to evaluated the existent relation between this ones and the ones obtain in laboratory; it was observed that to values until 30% of moisture it exist a strong correlation between this two parameters but the same it wasn’t observed to higher moisture contents. It was made the confrontation between the result obtain in Maritime pine (Pinus pinaster) and Eucalyptus (Eucaliptus globulus), and it was observed that the probes can evaluated the moisture content with higher accuracy in pine comparing with eucalyptus. So, it is necessary have some caution when the probes are disconnected, during the kiln dry process, specially to moisture content values are higher then 30%, because the values given by them are some times liable to error

Características químicas de sementes de melancia (Citrullus vulgaris), produzidas espontaneamente numa área cultivada com Atriplex irrigada com água salobra.

o objetivo de identificar e caracterizar as propriedades químicas de sementes de melancia - Citrullus vulgaris, (registro CPATSA n° 017, ano 1977), foram coletadas sementes ao acaso de um lote de frutos colhidos em 2004