Avaliação multicritério para priorização de ações e tecnologias visando o desenvolvimento sustentável de Paty do Alferes - RJ.

Levando-se em consideração as profundas e constantes transformações em áreas ambientais, como as das microbacias hidrográficas e sendo os agentes tomadores de decisões em relação ao setor, observa-se que são muitas as questões que estão a exigir soluções, bem como os objetivos a serem compatibilizados, tornando?se necessário a utilização de metodologias que considerem as interdependências e as transformações que vêm passando as áreas em questão. Assim sendo, devido à complexidade da situação e da necessidade de um tratamento global e sistêmico utilizaram-se métodos de Análise Multicritérios como suporte para priorização de ações e/ou alternativas tecnológicas viáveis para a região, levando-se em consideração aspectos econômicos, sociais e ambientais. Foram utilizados os métodos de Ponderação Linear, Método AHP Multiplicativo (Expert Choise), Método AIM(Aspiration Level Interactive Method) e o Método MATS-PC(Multi Atribute Tradeoff System). Ficou claro, como resultado global deste segmento, que não existe uma única estratégia (tanto ação quanto tecnologia) que se destaque significativamente das demais. Existe, sim, um grupo de alternativas que se encontram, em qualquer método, na mesma faixa (entre as primeiras, entre as últimas ou em posições intermediárias).bitstream/CNPS/11845/1/bpd03_2002_paty.pd

Diagnóstico socioeconômico dos municípios da região noroeste do Estado do Rio de Janeiro.

O diagnóstico do noroeste fluminense tem por objetivo avaliar a situação atual de cada município da região, destacando os principais pontos socioeconômicos. Os resultados obtidos mostram a precariedade em diversos setores da sociedade, onde as estatísticas revelam números insatisfatórios. Na educação, foram registrados altos índices de analfabetismo, destacando ainda a presença significativa do trabalho infantil. O êxodo rural é uma realidade na região, onde todos os municípios vêm sofrendo sucessivas quedas nas populações de campo. Neste contexto, a produção agropecuária (lavoura e leite) é razoavelmente baixa no Noroeste, onde a produtividade nos diversos setores se encontra abaixo dos níveis estaduais. Melhorias nas condições de produção agropecuária, assim como projetos que visem atender às demandas sociais, tornam-se extremamente necessários para o desenvolvimento da região.bitstream/item/63326/1/bpd41-2003-socioeconomia-noroeste-rj.pd

Extractive method optimization for Ligustrum lucidum yhat leads to a better free radical scavenging activity

info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Sustentabilidade social em Paty do Alferes - RJ.

bitstream/CNPS/11846/1/bpd02_2002_paty.pd

Percepção ambiental em Paty do Alferes - RJ.

bitstream/CNPS/11844/1/bpd06_2002_paty.pd

Assessment of Exoskeleton Related Changes in Kinematics and Muscle Activity

Work-related musculoskeletal disorders, reported at shoulder and low back regions, rank among the most serious health problems in industry. Owing to their ability in providing support to the shoulder and back regions during sustained and repetitive tasks, passive exoskeletons are expected to prevent work-related disorders. In this work, experimental protocols were conducted for the extraction of relevant information regarding the neuromuscular activation and kinematics during simulated working activities with passive exoskeletons. Our results support the notion these passive exoskeletons have the potential to alleviate muscular loading and therefore to prevent musculoskeletal disorders in the industrial sector

Heavy Quark Symmetry Violation in Semileptonic Decays of D Mesons

The decays of $D$ mesons to $K l \nu$ and $K^* l \nu$ final states exhibit significant deviations from the predictions of heavy-quark symmetry, as one might expect since the strange quark's mass is of the same order as the QCD scale. Nonetheless, in order to understand where the most significant effects might lie for heavier systems (such as $B \to D l\nu$ and $B \to D^* l\nu$), the pattern of these deviations is analyzed from the standpoint of perturbative QCD and ${\cal O}(1/m_s)$ corrections. Two main effects are noted. First, the perturbative QCD corrections lead to an overall decrease of predicted rates, which can be understood in terms of production of excited kaonic states. Second, ${\cal O}(1/m_s)$ effects tend to cancel the perturbative QCD corrections in the case of $Kl\nu$ decay, while they have minimal effect in $K^*l\nu$ decay.Comment: 25 pages (LaTeX) + 7 pages of Postscript figures (included at end), EFI-92-3

Resonant and nonresonant D+ -> K- pi+ l+ nu(l) semileptonic decays

We analyse the semileptonic decay D+ -> K- pi+ l+ nu(l) using an effective Lagrangian developed previously to describe the decays D -> P l nu(l) and D -> V l nu(l). Light vector mesons are included in the model which combines the heavy quark effective Lagrangian and chiral perturbation theory approach. The nonresonant and resonant contributions are compared. With no new parameters the model correctly reproduces the measured ratio Gamma(nres)/Gamma(nres + res). We also present useful nonresonant decay distributions. Finally, a similar model, but with a modified current which satisfies the soft pion theorems at the expense of introducing another parameter, is analyzed and the results of the models are compared.Comment: 17 pages, 3 Postscript figures, standard Latex, extended revision, title, abstract and text (especially Sec. IV) changed, results unchange

Changes in the distribution of muscle activity when using a passive trunk exoskeleton depend on the type of working task: A high-density surface EMG study

Exoskeleton effectiveness in reducing muscle efforts has been usually assessed from surface electromyograms (EMGs) collected locally. It has been demonstrated, however, muscle activity redistributes within the low back muscles during static and dynamic contractions, suggesting the need of detecting surface EMGs from a large muscle region to reliably investigate changes in global muscle activation. This study used high-density surface EMG to assess the effects of a passive trunk exoskeleton on the distribution of low back muscles’ activity during different working tasks. Ten, male volunteers performed a static and a dynamic task with and without the exoskeleton. Multiple EMGs were sampled bilaterally from the lumbar erector spinae muscles while the hip and knee angles were measured unilaterally. Key results revealed for the static task exoskeleton led to a decrease in the average root mean square (RMS) amplitude (∼10%) concomitantly with a stable mean frequency and a redistribution of muscle activity (∼0.5 cm) in the caudal direction toward the end of the task. For the dynamic task, the exoskeleton reduced the RMS amplitude (∼5%) at the beginning of the task and the variability in the muscle activity distribution during the task. Moreover, a reduced range of motion in the lower limb was observed when using the exoskeleton during the dynamic task. Current results support the notion the passive exoskeleton has the potential to alleviate muscular loading at low back level especially for the static task

The Effect of Passive Exoskeleton on Shoulder Muscles Activity during Different Static Tasks

In this study we used the bipolar surface electromyography to investigate whether a passive exoskeleton reduces the degree of activity of shoulder muscles. Twelve young healthy volunteers participated in the study. Subjects were asked to hold four different static postures: (P1) shoulder abducted at 90°, elbow flexed at 90°, elbow pronated at 90°; (P2) shoulder flexed at 90°, elbow flexed at 90°, elbow pronated at 90°; (P3) shoulder flexed at 90°, elbow pronated at 90°; (P4) shoulder abducted at 90°, elbow pronated at 90°. Subjects maintained each posture for 20 seconds five consecutive times, with a rest time in-between of 20 seconds. Surface EMG signals were collected from anterior, medial and posterior deltoids and upper trapezius muscles. Our main statistical results showed a significant (p < 0.05) attenuation effect of exoskeleton on the RMS amplitude computed for all muscles evaluated, though not for all postures. For the anterior, medial deltoids and upper trapezius a lower level of activity was observed in all postures with than without exoskeleton, while for posterior deltoid only for P2-P3 and P1-P4 respectively. These findings suggest the passive exoskeleton evaluated in this study attenuates the shoulder muscles’ effort during static work-related tasks, with implications on the prevention of musculoskeletal disorders