14,438 research outputs found
On variable hydrostatic transmission for road vehicles, powered by supply of fluid at constant pressure
Various hydrostatic power transmission systems for automotive applications with power supply at constant pressure and unrestricted flow and with a Volvo Flygmotor variable displacement motor as the principal unit were investigated. Two most promising concepts were analyzed in detail and their main components optimized for minimum power loss at the EPA Urban Driving Cycle. The best fuel consumption is less than 10 lit. per 100 kM for a 1542 kG vehicle with a hydrostatic motor and a two speed gear box in series (braking power not recovered). Realistic system pressure affects the fuel consumption just slightly, but the package volume/weight drastically. Back pressure increases losses significantly. Special attention was paid to description of the behavior and modeling of the losses of variable displacement hydrostatic machines
The dynamics of dissipative multi-fluid neutron star cores
We present a Newtonian multi-fluid formalism for superfluid neutron star
cores, focussing on the additional dissipative terms that arise when one takes
into account the individual dynamical degrees of freedom associated with the
coupled "fluids". The problem is of direct astrophysical interest as the nature
of the dissipative terms can have significant impact on the damping of the
various oscillation modes of the star and the associated gravitational-wave
signatures. A particularly interesting application concerns the
gravitational-wave driven instability of f- and r-modes. We apply the developed
formalism to two specific three-fluid systems: (i) a hyperon core in which both
Lambda and Sigma^- hyperons are present, and (ii) a core of deconfined quarks
in the colour-flavour-locked phase in which a population of neutral K^0 kaons
is present. The formalism is, however, general and can be applied to other
problems in neutron-star dynamics (such as the effect of thermal excitations
close to the superfluid transition temperature) as well as laboratory
multi-fluid systems.Comment: RevTex, no figure
Residue currents associated with weakly holomorphic functions
We construct Coleff-Herrera products and Bochner-Martinelli type residue
currents associated with a tuple of weakly holomorphic functions, and show
that these currents satisfy basic properties from the (strongly) holomorphic
case, as the transformation law, the Poincar\'e-Lelong formula and the
equivalence of the Coleff-Herrera product and the Bochner-Martinelli type
residue current associated with when defines a complete intersection.Comment: 28 pages. Updated with some corrections from the revision process. In
particular, corrected and clarified some things in Section 5 and 6 regarding
products of weakly holomorphic functions and currents, and the definition of
the Bochner-Martinelli type current
Shock propagation and stability in causal dissipative hydrodynamics
We studied the shock propagation and its stability with the causal
dissipative hydrodynamics in 1+1 dimensional systems. We show that the presence
of the usual viscosity is not enough to stabilize the solution. This problem is
solved by introducing an additional viscosity which is related to the
coarse-graining scale of the theory.Comment: 14 pages, 16 figure
Thermoelectrical manipulation of nanomagnets
We investigate the interplay between the thermodynamic properties and
spin-dependent transport in a mesoscopic device based on a magnetic multilayer
(F/f/F), in which two strongly ferromagnetic layers (F) are exchange-coupled
through a weakly ferromagnetic spacer (f) with the Curie temperature in the
vicinity of room temperature. We show theoretically that the Joule heating
produced by the spin-dependent current allows a spin-thermo-electronic control
of the ferromagnetic-to-paramagnetic (f/N) transition in the spacer and,
thereby, of the relative orientation of the outer F-layers in the device
(spin-thermo-electric manipulation of nanomagnets). Supporting experimental
evidence of such thermally controlled switching from parallel to antiparallel
magnetization orientations in F/f(N)/F sandwiches is presented. Furthermore, we
show theoretically that local Joule heating due to a high concentration of
current in a magnetic point contact or a nanopillar can be used to reversibly
drive the weakly ferromagnetic spacer through its Curie point and thereby
exchange couple and decouple the two strongly ferromagnetic F-layers. For the
devices designed to have an antiparallel ground state above the Curie point of
the spacer, the associated spin-thermionic parallel-to-antiparallel switching
causes magneto-resistance oscillations whose frequency can be controlled by
proper biasing from essentially DC to GHz. We discuss in detail an experimental
realization of a device that can operate as a thermo-magneto-resistive switch
or oscillator.Comment: This paper, published in J. Appl. Phys. 107, 123706 (2010), is an
expanded version of arXiv:0710.5477 (8 pages, 12 figures, two additional
authors and experimental section added
Adiabatic radio frequency potentials for the coherent manipulation of matter waves
Adiabatic dressed state potentials are created when magnetic sub-states of
trapped atoms are coupled by a radio frequency field. We discuss their
theoretical foundations and point out fundamental advantages over potentials
purely based on static fields. The enhanced flexibility enables one to
implement numerous novel configurations, including double wells, Mach-Zehnder
and Sagnac interferometers which even allows for internal state-dependent atom
manipulation. These can be realized using simple and highly integrated wire
geometries on atom chips.Comment: 13 pages, 2 figure
A bilateral shear layer between two parallel Couette flows
We consider a shear layer of a kind not previously studied to our knowledge.
Contrary to the classical free shear layer, the width of the shear zone does
not vary in the streamwise direction but rather exhibits a lateral variation.
Based on some simplifying assumptions, an analytic solution has been derived
for the new shear layer. These assumptions have been justified by a comparison
with numerical solutions of the full Navier-Stokes equations, which accord with
the analytical solution to better than 1% in the entire domain. An explicit
formula is found for the width of the shear zone as a function of wall-normal
coordinate. This width is independent of wall velocities in the laminar regime.
Preliminary results for a co-current laminar-turbulent shear layer in the same
geometry are also presented. Shear-layer instabilities were then developed and
resulted in an unsteady mixing zone at the interface between the two co-current
streams.Comment: 6 pages, 7 figures. Accepted for publication in Phys. Rev.
Spin-thermo-electronic oscillator based on inverse giant magnetoresistance
A spin-thermo-electronic valve with the free layer of exchange-spring type
and inverse magnetoresistance is investigated. The structure has S-shaped
current-voltage characteristics and can exhibit spontaneous oscillations when
integrated with a conventional capacitor within a resonator circuit. The
frequency of the oscillations can be controlled from essentially dc to the GHz
range by the circuit capacitance.Comment: 7 pages, 9 figure
Fundamental properties and applications of quasi-local black hole horizons
The traditional description of black holes in terms of event horizons is
inadequate for many physical applications, especially when studying black holes
in non-stationary spacetimes. In these cases, it is often more useful to use
the quasi-local notions of trapped and marginally trapped surfaces, which lead
naturally to the framework of trapping, isolated, and dynamical horizons. This
framework allows us to analyze diverse facets of black holes in a unified
manner and to significantly generalize several results in black hole physics.
It also leads to a number of applications in mathematical general relativity,
numerical relativity, astrophysics, and quantum gravity. In this review, I will
discuss the basic ideas and recent developments in this framework, and
summarize some of its applications with an emphasis on numerical relativity.Comment: 14 pages, 2 figures. Based on a talk presented at the 18th
International Conference on General Relativity and Gravitation, 8-13 July
2007, Sydney, Australi
Mapping quantitative trait loci for carcass and meat quality traits in a wild boar x Large White intercross
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