Dynamics of Management of Muhammadiyah Islamic Education Institute

This study aims to explain the dynamics of the management of Muhammadiyah Education Institutions. This research type is qualitative with a library research approach. The research data is in data form on the Dynamics of Muhammadiyah Education Institutions in management aspects from primary sources in the form of relevant books and journals. Data collection techniques are carried out with documentation. Sources of research data were obtained from books and journals on the Dynamics of Muhammadiyah Educational Institutions in management aspect. Data analysis using Content Analysis. Based on the descriptions made, it is concluded that since its establishment, Muhammadiyah educational institutions have continued to develop and increase both in quantity and quality, but there are also institutions that have experienced setbacks and even closed. This is the dynamics of educational institutions that must be accepted. So far, the management used by Muhammadiyah has made the founders of Muhammadiyah schools eager to compete. However, according to the author, the current management needs to be thoroughly evaluated to improve the quality of Muhammadiyah education as a whole

A case study of bacterial leaf blight disease of rice in Sungai Besar, Selangor / Ain Najwa Ameerah An-Nabiha Baharudin Ali

Paddy is common crop in Asia and because paddy is sources of food as well as source of income. However, there are several diseases attacked paddy cultivation caused the yield production decreases which are bacterial leaf blight, bacterial sheath blight and brown spot. Among this disease, bacterial leaf blight caused by Xanthomonas pv.oryzae pathogen is considered to be most serious disease that attacked the paddy plants. Bacterial leaf blights appears on leaves of young plants at near tip and margin that show pale green to grey green coloured. The objective of this case study are to measure incidence and severity as well as the factors that relate to bacterial leaf blight disease in several area in Sungai Besar, Selangor. Currently, for this season 1/2016 paddy cultivation in Sungai Besar area having disease problem especially bacterial leaf blight that has long time not affected by disease. Therefore, several areas in Sungai Besar, Selangor were surveyed early August 2016, for bacterial leaf blight disease. Result indicated that from three fields, Field A has the highest mean of disease severity with 63.11% whereas incidence is 68.83%. Second highest mean of disease severity is Field B with 46.22% whereas incidence was 33.44%. Next, the lowest mean of disease severity is Field C with 36.89% whereas incident occurs was 32.34%. These disease severity and incidence were affected by fertilizer application and environmental factors such as weather, rainfall, humidity and temperature. In conclusion, the objective has been achieved regarding to measure the incidence and severity of bacterial leaf blight is severe in Field A, but not too severe in Field B and C

Tumor Growth Rate Approximation-Assisted Estimation

From tumor to tumor, there is a great variation in the proportion of cancer cells growing and making daughter cells that ultimately metastasize. The differential growth within a single tumor, however, has not been studied extensively and this may be helpful in predicting the aggressiveness of a particular cancer type. The estimation problem of tumor growth rates from several populations is studied. The baseline growth rate estimator is based on a family of interacting particle system models which generalize the linear birth process as models of tumor growth. These interacting models incorporate the spatial structure of the tumor in such a way that growth slows down in a crowded system. Approximation-assisted estimation strategy is proposed when initial values of rates are known from the previous study. Some alternative estimators are suggested and the relative dominance picture of the proposed estimator to the benchmark estimator is investigated. An over-riding theme of this article is that the suggested estimation method extends its traditional counterpart to non-normal populations and to more realistic cases

PERAN AKHLAK SANTRI DALAM MENGHAFAL AL-QUR’AN DI MADRASAH ALIYAH MADRASATUL QUR`AN TEBUIRENG

Al-Qur'an as the basic basis of Islamic education in it contains an absolute source of value, and the Qur'an as a role model for all Muslims, the book revealed to the prophet Muhammad SAW which is widely used as an example, especially in moral lessons such as the word Allah in the Surah Al Ahzab verse 21. Madrasah Aliyah Madrasatul Qur`an Tebuireng is one of the schools that applies the local tahfidz Qur`an curriculum (memorizing the Qur'an) each student is obliged to memorize the Qur'an with a specific target from the school. But the reality is that not all students who have the most memorized Al-Qur'an and have good character are memorized smoothly and conversely not all students whose morals are not good memorized smoothly. This phenomenon encourages researchers to examine and find out the role of the students' morals in improving the memorization of the Qur'an

Adaptive changes of glioblastoma cells following exposure to hypoxic (1% oxygen) tumour microenvironment.

Glioblastoma multiforme is the most aggressive and malignant primary brain tumour, with a median survival rate of between 15 to 17 months. Heterogeneous regions occur in glioblastoma as a result of oxygen gradients which ranges from 0.1% to 10% in vivo. Emerging evidence suggests that tumour hypoxia leads to increased aggressiveness and chemo/radio resistance. Yet, few in vitro studies have been performed in hypoxia. Using three glioblastoma cell-lines (U87, U251, and SNB19), the adaptation of glioblastoma cells in a 1% (hypoxia) and 20% (normoxia) oxygen microenvironment on proliferation, metabolism, migration, neurosphere formation, CD133 and VEGF expression was investigated. Compared to cells maintained in normoxia (20% oxygen), glioblastoma cells adapted to 1% oxygen tension by reducing proliferation and enhancing metabolism. Both migratory tendency and neurosphere formation ability were greatly limited. In addition, hypoxic-mediated gene upregulation (CD133 and VEGF) was reversed when cells were removed from the hypoxic environment. Collectively, our results reveal that hypoxia plays a pivotal role in changing the behaviour of glioblastoma cells. We have also shown that genetic modulation can be reversed, supporting the concept of reversibility. Thus, understanding the degree of oxygen gradient in glioblastoma will be crucial in personalising treatment for glioblastoma patients

Efficiency evaluation of parallel interdependent processes systems: an application to Chinese 985 Project universities

Data envelopment analysis (DEA) has been widely applied in measuring the efficiency of homogeneous decision-making units. Network DEA, as an important branch of DEA, was built to examine the internal structure of a system, whereas traditional DEA models regard a system as a ‘black box’. However, only a few previous studies on parallel systems have considered the interdependent relationship between system components. In recent years, parallel interdependent processes systems commonly exist in production systems because of serious competition among organisations. Thus, an approach to measure the efficiency of such systems should be proposed. This paper builds an additive DEA model to measure a parallel interdependent processes system with two components which have an interdependent relationship. Then, the model is applied to analyse the ‘985 Project’ universities in China, and certain policy implications are explained

Vibration based damage identification of a scale-model steel frame structure subjected to bolt connection failures

Large-span steel frame structures prove to be an ideal choice for their speed of construction, relatively low cost, strength, durability and structural design flexibility. For this type of structure, the beam-column connections are critical for its structural integrity and overall stability. This is because a steel frame generally fails first at its connectors, due to the change in stress redistribution with adjacent members and material related failures, caused by various factors such as fire, seismic activity or material deterioration. Since particular attention is required at a steel frame’s connection points, this study explores the applicability of a comprehensive structural health monitoring (SHM) method to identify early damage and prolong the lifespan of connection points of steel frames. An impact hammer test was performed on a scale-model steel frame structure, recording its dynamic response to the hammer strike via an accelerometer. The testing procedure included an intact scenario and two damage scenarios by unfastening four bolt connections in an accumulating order. Based entirely on time-domain experimental data for its calibration, an Auto Regressive Average Exogenous (ARMAX) model is used to create a simple and accurate model for vibration simulation. The calibrated ARMAX model is then used to identify various bolt-connection related damage scenarios via R2 value. The findings in this study suggest that the proposed time-domain approach is capable of identifying structural damage in a parsimonious manner and can be used as a quick or initial solution