Uranium and Arsenic Spatial Distribution in the Águeda Watershed Groundwater

Documento originalmente apresentado em International workshop “Uranium, Environment and Public Health”, UrEnv 2013.The high spatial variability of groundwater contaminants is a non-stationary process, as spatial variability is strongly dependent on several externalities. The herein work shows a first approach to the construction of spatial distribution patterns for sensitive contaminants in groundwater, within the transboundary watershed of the Águeda River. The obtained results points out to the old mining activities as a serious environmental risk factor. The obtained maps showed to be suited for assessing the environmental impact of the considered contaminants and could facilitate the improvement of local groundwater systems’ management and the development of specific monitoring activities

Nat2, Xrcc1 And Hogg1 Polymorphisms, Cigarette Smoking, Alcohol Consumption And Risk Of Upper Aerodigestive Tract Cancer

Aim: To evaluate associations between polymorphisms of the N-acetyltransferase 2 (NAT2), human 8-oxoguanine glycosylase 1 (hOGG1) and X-ray repair crosscomplementing protein 1 (XRCC1) genes and risk of upper aerodigestive tract (UADT) cancer. Patients and Methods: A case-control study involving 117 cases and 224 controls was undertaken. The NAT2 gene polymorphisms were genotyped by automated sequencing and XRCC1 Arg399Gln and hOGG1 Ser326Cys polymorphisms were determined by Polymerase Chain Reaction followed by Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) methods. Results: Slow metabolization phenotype was significantly associated as a risk factor for the development of UADT cancer (p=0.038). Furthermore, haplotype of slow metabolization was also associated with UADT cancer (p=0.014). The hOGG1 Ser326Cys polymorphism (CG or GG vs. CC genotypes) was shown as a protective factor against UADT cancer in moderate smokers (p=0.031). The XRCC1 Arg399Gln polymorphism (GA or AA vs. GG genotypes), in turn, was a protective factor against UADT cancer only among neverdrinkers (p=0.048). Conclusion: Interactions involving NAT2, XRCC1 Arg399Gln and hOGG1 Ser326Cys polymorphisms may modulate the risk of UADT cancer in this population.34632173224Choong, N., Vokes, E., Expanding role of the medical oncologist in the management of head and neck cancer (2008) CA Cancer J, 58, pp. 32-53Kato, I., Nomura, A.M., Alcohol in the aetiology of upper aerodigestive tract cancer (1994) Eur J Cancer B Oral Oncol, 30 B, pp. 75-81Kato, I., Nomura, A.M., Stemmermann, G.N., Chyou, P.H., Prospective study of the association of alcohol with cancer of the upper aerodigestive tract and other sites (1992) Cancer Causes Control, 3, pp. 145-151Demokan, S., Suoglu, Y., Gozeler, M., Demir, D., Dalay, N., N-acetyltransferase 1 and 2 gene sequence variants and risk of head and neck cancer (2010) Mol Biol Rep, 37, pp. 3217-3226Hung, R.J., Hall, J., Brennan, P., Boffetta, P., Genetic polymorphisms in the base excision repair pathway and cancer risk: A HuGE review (2005) Am J Epidemiol, 162, pp. 925-942Badawi, A.F., Hirvonen, A., Bell, D.A., Lang, N.P., Kadlubar, F.F., Role of aromatic amine acetyltransferases, NAT1 and NAT2, in carcinogen-DNA adduct formation in the human urinary bladder (1995) Cancer Res, 55, pp. 5230-5237Brockton, N., Little, J., Sharp, L., Cotton, S.C., N-acetyltransferase polymorphisms and colorectal cancer: A HuGE review (2000) Am J Epidemiol, 151, pp. 846-861Hein, D.W., Acetylator genotype and arylamine-induced carcinogenesis (1988) Biochim Biophys Acta, 948, pp. 37-66Hein, D.W., McQueen, C.A., Grant, D.M., Goodfellow, G.H., Kadlubar, F.F., Weber, W.W., Pharmacogenetics of the arylamine N-acetyltransferases: A symposium in honor of Wendell W (2000) Weber. Drug Metab Dispos, 28, pp. 1425-1432Cascorbi, I., Brockmoller, J., Mrozikiewicz, P.M., Bauer, S., Loddenkemper, R., Roots, I., Homozygous rapid arylamine N-acetyltransferase (NAT2) genotype as a susceptibility factor for lung cancer (1996) Cancer Res, 56, pp. 3961-3966Lu, A.L., Li, X., Gu, Y., Wright, P.M., Chang, D.Y., Repair of oxidative DNA damage: Mechanisms and functions (2001) Cell Biochem Biophys, 35, pp. 141-170Yi, L., Xiao-Feng, H., Yun-Tao, L., Hao, L., Ye, S., Song-Tao, Q., Association between the XRCC1 Arg399Gln polymorphism and risk of cancer: Evidence from 297 case-control studies (2013) PLoS One, 8, p. e78071Boiteux, S., Radicella, J.P., The human OGG1 gene: Structure, functions, and its implication in the process of carcinogenesis (2000) Arch Biochem Biophys, 377, pp. 1-8Kohno, T., Shinmura, K., Tosaka, M., Tani, M., Kim, S.R., Sugimura, H., Nohmi, T., Yokota, J., Genetic polymorphisms and alternative splicing of the hOGG1 gene, that is involved in the repair of 8-hydroxyguanine in damaged DNA (1998) Oncogene, 16, pp. 3219-3225Arizono, K., Osada, Y., Kuroda, Y., DNA repair gene hOGG1 codon 326 and XRCC1 codon 399 polymorphisms and bladder cancer risk in a Japanese population (2008) Jpn J Clin Oncol, 38, pp. 186-191Bonilla, C., Shriver, M.D., Parra, E.J., Jones, A., Fernandez, J.R., Ancestral proportions and their association with skin pigmentation and bone mineral density in Puerto Rican women from New York city (2004) Hum Genet, 115, pp. 57-68(2008) R: R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing, , http://www.r-project.org/, Viena: R Development Core TeamExcoffier, L., Laval, G., Schneider, S., Arlequin (version 3.0): An integrated software package for population genetics data analysis (2005) Evol Bioinform Online, 1, pp. 47-50Talbot, J., Magno, L.A., Santana, C.V., Sousa, S.M., Melo, P.R., Correa, R.X., Di Pietro, G., Rios-Santos, F., Interethnic diversity of NAT2 polymorphisms in Brazilian admixed populations BMC Genetics, 11, p. 87Fuselli, S., Gilman, R.H., Chanock, S.J., Bonatto, S.L., De Stefano, G., Evans, C.A., Labuda, D., Tarazona-Santos, E., Analysis of nucleotide diversity of NAT2 coding region reveals homogeneity across Native American populations and high intra-population diversity (2007) The Pharmacogenomics Journal, 7, pp. 144-152Hein, D.W., N-acetyltransferase SNPs: Emerging concepts serve as a paradigm for understanding complexities of personalized medicine (2009) Expert Opinion on Drug Metabolism & Toxicology, 5, pp. 353-366Bendjemana, K., Abdennebi, M., Gara, S., Jmal, A., Ghanem, A., Touati, S., Boussen, H., Guemira, F., Genetic polymorphism of gluthation-S transferases and N-acetyl transferases 2 and nasopharyngeal carcinoma: The Tunisia experience (2006) Bull Cancer, 93, pp. 297-302. , (in French)Gajecka, M., Rydzanicz, M., Jaskula-Sztul, R., Kujawski, M., Szyfter, W., Szyfter, K., CYP1A1, CYP2D6, CYP2E1, NAT2, GSTM1 and GSTT1 polymorphisms or their combinations are associated with the increased risk of the laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (2005) Mutat Res, 574, pp. 112-123Hou, Y.Y., Ou, H.L., Chu, S.T., Wu, P.C., Lu, P.J., Chi, C.C., Leung, K.W., Ger, L.P., NAT2 slow acetylation haplotypes are associated with the increased risk of betel quid-related oral and pharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology, Oral Radiology, and Endodontics, 112, pp. 484-492Ying, X.J., Dong, P., Shen, B., Wang, J., Wang, S., Wang, G., Possible association of NAT2 polymorphism with laryngeal cancer risk: An evidence-based meta-analysis Journal of Cancer Research and Clinical Oncology, 137, pp. 1661-1667Marques, C.F., Koifman, S., Koifman, R.J., Boffetta, P., Brennan, P., Hatagima, A., Influence of CYP1A1 CYP2E1 GSTM3 and NAT2 genetic polymorphisms in oral cancer susceptibility: Results from a case-control study in Rio de Janeiro (2006) Oral Oncology, 42, pp. 632-637Buch, S.C., Nazar-Stewart, V., Weissfeld, J.L., Romkes, M., Case-control study of oral and 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Sharma, M., Chaturvedi, R., Rath, S.K., Protective association exhibited by the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs1052133 in the gene human 8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase (hOGG1) with the risk of squamous cell carcinomas of the head & neck (SCCHN) among north Indians (2011) Indian J Med Res, 133, pp. 605-612Yuan, W., Xu, L., Feng, Y., Yang, Y., Chen, W., Wang, J., Pang, D., Li, D., The hOGG1 Ser326Cys polymorphism and breast cancer risk: A meta-analysis (2010) Breast Cancer Res Treat, 122, pp. 835-842Chen, C., Ricks, S., Doody, D.R., Fitzgibbons, E.D., Porter, P.L., Schwartz, S.M., N-Acetyltransferase 2 polymorphisms, cigarette smoking and alcohol consumption, and oral squamous cell cancer risk (2001) Carcinogenesis, 22, pp. 1993-199

Ingestão de alimentos e adequação de nutrientes no final da infância Food intake and nutritional adequacy in final phase of childhood

Este trabalho reúne informações sobre a ingestão de alimentos e a adequação dos nutrientes no período final da infância. O grupo estudado foi composto por 247 escolares, sendo 150 do sexo feminino e 97 do masculino, com idade de nove e dez anos, pertencentes a escolas públicas municipais de Maceió. Os dados sobre ingestão de alimentos foram coletados através do recordatório de 24 horas e comparados com as recomendações preconizadas pelo National Research Council de 1989. De acordo com os resultados, a ingestão alimentar dos escolares apresentou-se deficiente em relação à energia e aos micronutrientes, especialmente as vitaminas e alguns minerais pesquisados, com exceção do ferro. Essa deficiência foi encontrada independente do sexo. Tais achados sugerem que o aporte insuficiente dos nutrientes estudados, se persistente, poderá contribuir negativamente para o desempenho do crescimento linear durante a fase da adolescência.<br>This study analyzes the results of a dietary intake survey. The main goal was to estimate the nutrient and energy intake of children in final phase of childhood and the nutritional adequacy of their diet. The studied group was composed of 247 schoolchildren (150 females and 97 males, aged nine to ten years old) from public schools of the city of Maceió, state of Alagoas. Food intake data were collected through a 24-hour dietary recall and compared with the standards of National Research Council-Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDA, 1989). According to the results, the children food intake, independently of the sex, was deficient in energy and micronutrients, specially vitamins and some minerals, with the exception of iron. These findings suggest that in this group specific nutrients deficits can be a limiting factor which may contribute to an inadequate growth performance during adolescence