Refugee children transitioning into schools : suggestions for school counseling programs

textWith approximately 70,000 refugees entering the United States each year and nearly 40% of those refugees being children, the need to help these children successfully transition into their new schools is critical (Office of Refugee Resettlement, 2015). In order to provide these students with appropriate support we must understand each refugee child individually by learning of their exposure to trauma, their current struggles, how traumatic experiences manifest themselves in behavior, and the valuable perspectives and strengths they bring into their host communities. This report sheds light on some of the traumatic experiences refugee children and their families have survived, challenges that arise during post migration as well as other multicultural considerations. This report also highlights several studies that have been conducted to demonstrate the efficacy of trauma-based interventions and school-based programs that can potentially be helpful when working with refugee students within a school setting. Suggestions are made for school counselors and school staff to raise awareness on the needs of refugee students and how to promote multicultural awareness campus-wide. In addition, this report recognizes the limitations of short-term counseling for refugee children and discusses the importance of further research in the area of providing school counselors with effective strategies to support refugee students within American schools settings.Educational Psycholog

Generation of change data of land cover in the Bogotá savannah using time series with Landsat images and MODIS-Landsat synthetic images between 2007 and 2013

[ES] Actualmente, se han implementado nuevas herramientas para la fusión de imágenes de alta resolución temporal y espacial y para la detección de cambios de coberturas. Con el fin de evaluar este tipo de técnicas se generó una serie temporal con imágenes Landsat y una serie temporal con imágenes sintéticas Landsat-MODIS, con el fin de determinar cuál de los dos métodos proporciona los mejores resultados en la cuantificación de los cambios de las coberturas de la Sabana de Bogotá entre los años 2007 y 2013. El procesamiento consiste en: (i) Serie Temporal con imágenes Landsat a través de BFAST (Breaks For Additive Seasonal and Trend), (ii) Obtención de imágenes sintéticas por medio del algoritmo ESTARFM (Enhanced spatial and temporal adaptive reflectance fusion model); (iii) Serie temporal a través de BFAST incorporando imágenes sintéticas. En el proceso de series temporales, la serie que incorpora las imágenes sintéticas e imágenes corregidas por los gaps obtuvo los mejores índices de evaluación (fiabilidad global: 88,16% y Kappa: 76,52%) con respecto a los obtenidos con la serie que incluye únicamente las imágenes Landsat (fiabilidad global: 83% y Kappa: 65,18%). Estos resultados indican que la densificación de la serie temporal permite proveer mejores resultados en la cuantificación de los cambios y dinámicas de las coberturas. La metodología establecida representa un gran avance sobre la generación de imágenes sintéticas y del monitoreo y detección de cambios de coberturas a través de series temporales al ser de los primeros estudios realizado en el país que incorpora este tipo de procesos.[EN] Currently, new tools have been implemented that merge high-resolution temporal and spatial images for detection of change land cover. With the purpose of evaluate this type of techniques we generated a time series with Landsat satellite imagery and a time series with simulated images Landsat-MODIS, with the purpose of determining which of the two methods provides the best results in the change quantification in the Sabana of Bogota between 2007 and 2013. The processing consists of (i) Time Series with images Landsat trough BFAST, (ii) getting synthetic images through the ESTARFM algorithm; (iii) time series through BFAST with the use of simulated images. In the time series process, the series incorporating synthetic images and images corrected by the gaps generated the best accuracy indexes (global accuracy: 88.16% y Kappa: 76.52%) with respect to the series that incorporated only the images Landsat (global accuracy: 83% y Kappa: 65.18%); it indicates that densification of time series allow to get the best results in the quantification of changes and dynamics of land cover. The methodology applied represents an advance about generation of synthetic images and monitoring and detection of changes in land cover through time series. This is one of the first studies realized in the country that includes this type of process.Zaraza-Aguilera, M.; Manrique-Chacón, L. (2019). Generación de datos de cambio de coberturas vegetales en la sabana de Bogotá mediante el uso de series temporales con imágenes Landsat e imágenes sintéticas MODIS-Landsat entre los años 2007 y 2013. Revista de Teledetección. 0(54):41-58. https://doi.org/10.4995/raet.2019.12280OJS4158054Chen, J., Zhu, X., Vogelmann, J.E., Gao, F., Jin, S. 2011. A simple and effective method for filling gaps in Landsat ETM+ SLC-off images. Remote Sensing of Environment, 115(4), 1053-1064. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2010.12.010Corporacion Cactus. 2014. Más cemento menos alimento. II informe sobre el derecho a la Alimentación en la Sabana (N.o II; p. 130). Recuperado de Corporacion Cactus website: http://www.cactus.org.co/paginas/publicaciones/ SERIE%20CAMINANDO%20LA%20SABANA/ Mas%20cemento,%20Menos%20alimento.%20 Informe%20digital.pdfDeVries, B., Verbesselt, J., Kooistra, L., Herold, M. 2015. Robust monitoring of small-scale forest disturbances in a tropical montane forest using Landsat time series. Remote Sensing of Environment, 161, 107-121. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2015.02.012Dutrieux, L.P., Verbesselt, J., Kooistra, L., Herold, M. 2015. Monitoring forest cover loss using multiple data streams, a case study of a tropical dry forest in Bolivia. ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, 107, 112-125. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.isprsjprs.2015.03.015Gao, F., Masek, J., Schwaller, M., Hall, F. 2006. On the blending of the Landsat and MODIS surface reflectance: Predicting daily Landsat surface reflectance. IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, 44(8), 2207-2218. https://doi.org/10.1109/TGRS.2006.872081Gujarati, D.N., Porter, D.C. 2010. Econometría (Quinta). Mexico, D.F.: McGraw-Hill/Interamericana.ICANH. 2016. Sabana de Bogotá-Instituto Colombiano de Antropología e Historia-ICANH. Recuperado 28 de noviembre de 2016, de Instituto Colombiano de Antropología e Historia website: http://www.icanh.gov.co/?idcategoria=4408IDEAM - Instituto de Hidrología, Meteorología y Estudios Ambientales. 2012. Mapa de Coberturas de la Tierra Metodologia Corine Land Cover Adaptada para Colombia Escala 1:100.000 Periodo 2005- 2009. Recuperado de http://sig.anla.gov.co:8083/ resources/DESCARGA_SIAC/IDEAM/MG_E_ CoberturaTierra%202005_2009%20v1.pdfJustice, C.O., Townshend, J.R.G., Vermote, E. F., Masuoka, E., Wolfe, R.E., Saleous, N., Roy, D.P., Morisette, J.T. 2002. An overview of MODIS Land data processing and product status. Remote Sensing of Environment, 83(1-2), 3-15. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0034-4257(02)00084-6Molano, J., Batista, J. 1967. Calendario Climatologico Aeronautico Colombiano. Sociedad Geográfica de Colombia, XXV. Recuperado de http://www. sogeocol.edu.co/documentos/096_calen_climat.pdfMontañez-Gómez, G., Arcila-Niño, O., PachecoGiraldo, J.C., Hernández, Y., Gracia, J., Lancheros Murillo, H. 1994. Hacia donde va la Sabana de Bogotá?: Modernización, conflicto, ambiente y sociedad. Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Centro de Estudios Sociales: SENA, Bogotá.Morton, D.C., Nagol, J., Carabajal, C.C., Rosette, J., Palace, M., Cook, B.D., … North, P.R.J. 2014. Amazon forests maintain consistent canopy structure and greenness during the dry season. Nature, 5067487, 221-224. https://doi.org/10.1038/ nature13006Myneni, R.B., Hall, F.G., Sellers, P.J., Marshak, A.L. 1995. The interpretation of spectral vegetation indexes. IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, 33(2), 481-486. https://doi.org/10.1109/36.377948Olofsson, P., Foody, G.M., Herold, M., Stehman, S.V., Woodcock, C.E., Wulder, M.A. 2014. Good practices for estimating area and assessing accuracy of land change. Remote Sensing of Environment, 148, 42-57. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2014.02.015Renza-Torres, D. 2010. Implementacion y evaluacion de un filtro digital para la transformada wavelet compleja de doble arbol (dt-cwt) aplicada a fusion de imagenes bidimensionales en escala de gris (Tesis de Maestría). Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogota.Soto-Berelov, M., Hislop, S. 2016. Approaches used for pixel based time series analysis of Landsat data. Recuperado de http://www.crcsi.com.au/assets/ Program-4/Agriculture/4.104-LandFor/Project4- 104-LandFor-LitRevTimeSeriesV1-1.pdfSRP. 2012. Assigning Categories to the RPS Score. Recuperado de http://nj.gov/dep/srp/srra/rps/docs/ rps_jenks_breaks.pdfUSGS. 2015. What is CFMask? Recuperado 3 de febrero de 2017, de Landsat Missions website: https://landsat.usgs.gov/what-cfmaskVaiopoulos, A. 2013. Hyperspectral Image Index Analysis-File Exchange-MATLAB Central. Recuperado 8 de diciembre de 2016, de http://www. mathworks.com/matlabcentral/fileexchange/32637- hyperspectral-image-index-analysisVerbesselt, J., Hyndman, R., Newnham, G., Culvenor, D. 2010. Detecting trend and seasonal changes in satellite image time series. Remote Sensing of Environment, 114(1), 106-115. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2009.08.014Vermote, E.F., Kotchenova, S., Ray, J.P. 2011. MODIS Surface Reflectance User's Guide. Recuperado de http://modis-sr.ltdri.org/guide/MOD09_UserGuide_ v1_3.pdfWulder, M.A., White, J.C., Goward, S.N., Masek, J.G., Irons, J.R., Herold, M., … Woodcock, C.E. 2008. Landsat continuity: Issues and opportunities for land cover monitoring. Remote Sensing of Environment, 112(3), 955-969. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2007.07.004Xin, Q., Olofsson, P., Zhu, Z., Tan, B., Woodcock, C. E. 2013. Toward near real-time monitoring of forest disturbance by fusion of MODIS and Landsat data. Remote Sensing of Environment, 135, 234-247. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2013.04.002Zhu, X., Chen, J., Gao, F., Chen, X., Masek, J.G. 2010. An enhanced spatial and temporal adaptive reflectance fusion model for complex heterogeneous regions. Remote Sensing of Environment, 114(11), 2610- 2623. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2010.05.03

Reply to Comment on Cobo-Cuenca, A.I.; Laredo-Aguilera, J.A.; Rodríguez-Borrego, M.-A.; Santacruz-Salas, E.; Carmona-Torres, J.M. Temporal Trends in Fecal Occult Blood Test: Associated Factors (2009–2017). Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2019, 16, 2120

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Temporal Trends in Fecal Occult Blood Test: Associated Factors (2009–2017)

A cross-sectional study with 27,821 records of non-institutionalized people in Spain aged between 50–69 years old (59.94 ± 5.8 years), who participated in the European Health Survey in Spain (2009, 2014) and National Health Survey (2011/12, 2017). Fecal occult testing, the reason for performing the test, age, sex, nationality, social status, marital status, education level, body mass index (BMI), and place of residence. Overall, 54% were women, 93.9% were Spanish, 47.8% had a secondary study, and 66.4% were married. Across the years, the rate of the fecal occult blood test (FOBT) increased significantly (p < 0.001). This increase can be accounted for a letter campaign advising testing (45%, p < 0.001). FOBT was associated with more age (odds ratio—OR 1.04, 95% confidence interval—CI 1.04–1.05, p < 0.001), Spanish nationality (OR 1.91, 95% CI 1.25–2.93, p = 0.003), being married (OR 1.13, 95% CI 1.02–1.25, p = 0.025), having a higher level of education (OR 2.46, 95% CI 2.17–2.81, p < 0.001), belonging to high social classes (OR 1.35, 95% CI 1.12–1.64, p = 0.001), and BMI <25 (OR 1.72, 95% CI 1.25–2.37). Frequency of FOBT has increased in recent years. Performing FOBT is associated with age, nationality, marital status, higher education level, and social class

Dysfunctional profile for patients in physical neurorehabilitation of upper limb

This paper proposes a first approach to Objective Motor Assessment (OMA) methodology. Also, it introduces the Dysfunctional profile (DP) concept. DP consists of a data matrix characterizing the Upper Limb (UL) physical alterations of a patient with Acquired Brain Injury (ABI) during the rehabilitation process. This research is based on the comparison methology of UL movement between subjects with ABI and healthy subjects as part of OMA. The purpose of this comparison is to classify subjects according to their motor control and subsequently issue a functional assessment of the movement. For this purpose Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) have been used to classify patients. Different network structures are tested. The obtained classification accuracy was 95.65%. This result allows the use of ANNs as a viable option for dysfunctional assessment. This work can be considered a pilot study for further research to corroborate these results

Clasificación de sujetos según el control motor de la extremidad superior en Neurorrehabilitación Funcional

El presente trabajo propone la aplicación de las redes neuronales artificiales (RNA) en la comparación del movimiento de la extremidad superior entre sujetos con Daño Cerebral Adquirido y sujetos sanos. La finalidad de esta comparación es clasificar a los sujetos según su control motor para posteriormente emitir una valoración funcional del movimiento como parte de un método de evaluación objetiva en neurorrehabiliatación funcional de extremidad superior. Para realizar esta comparación se propone un método en el que se aplica un pre-procesado a los datos usando análisis de componentes principales (ACP) para reducir la dimensión de los mismos y entrenar la red. Fueron evaluadas diferentes estructuras de redes. El resultado obtenido con el método propuesto fue de un 95.65% de exactitud en la clasificación. Este resultado permite certificar el uso de las RNAs como una opción viable para la evaluación disfuncional del movimiento de sujetos sanos y con DCA. Esta investigación puede ser considerada como un estudio piloto para investigaciones en mayor profundidad que corroboren estos resultados

Comparación del movimiento de alcance entre sujetos Sanos y Patológicos en Neurorrehabilitación Funcional de Extremidad Superior

El presente trabajo de investigación tiene como propósito principal realizar una comparación del movimiento de alcance entre sujetos aquejados de Daño Cerebral Adquirido y el correspondiente patrón de normalidad. La finalidad de esta comparación es detectar los déficits motores que permitan posteriormente emitir una valoración funcional del movimiento como parte de un método de evaluación objetiva de la función motora. La comparación del movimiento se basa en las medidas de parámetros espaciales y de similitud. En este trabajo se han utilizado modelos de movimiento de sujetos sanos en ejecuciones de Actividades de Vida Diaria (e.g. 'servir agua de una jarra'), como punto de referencia para encontrar diferencias relevantes con respecto a los datos de movimiento de cuatro pacientes bajo un proceso de Neurorrehabilitación Funcional de Extremidad Superi

Associations between overall, healthful, and unhealthful low-fat dietary patterns and breast cancer risk in a Mediterranean cohort: The SUN project

Objectives: Dietary patterns may have a greater influence on human health than individual foods or nutrients, and they are also of substantial interest in the field of breast cancer prevention. Beyond the adequate balance of macronutrients, evidence indicates that the quality of macronutrient sources may play an important role in health outcomes. We sought to examine the relationship between healthful and unhealthful low-fat dietary patterns in relation to breast cancer. Methods: We used observational data from a Mediterranean cohort study (the Seguimiento Universidad de Navarra project). We prospectively followed 10 930 middle-aged women initially free of breast cancer during a median follow-up of 12.1 y. We calculated an overall, an unhealthful, and a healthful low-fat diet score, based on a previously validated 136-item food frequency questionnaire and grouped participants into ter- tiles. Incident breast cancer—overall and stratified by menopausal status—was the primary outcome. It was self-reported by participants and confirmed based on medical reports or consultation of the National Death Index. We used multivariable Cox regression models adjusted for potential confounders. Results: During 123 297 person-years of follow-up, 150 cases of incident breast cancer were confirmed. No signifi- cant associations were observed for overall or premenopausal breast cancer. For postmenopausal women, we observed a significant association for moderate adherence to the unhealthful low-fat dietary score and postmeno- pausal breast cancer (comparing tertile 2 to tertile 1; hazard ratio = 2.18; 95% confidence interval, 1.15 4.13). Conclusions: In conclusion, no clear associations were observed, although more research is needed to address the association between an unhealthful dietary pattern and postmenopausal breast cancer risk

Kinect-based occupational therapy virtual environment for functional neurorehabilitation of the upper limb

The use of virtual reality technologies has attracted great interest in the area of functional neurorehabilitation [1]. These technologies have a strong ludic component that can increase motivation. Furthermore, Kinect-based motion tracking enables us to individualize the exercises and to generate knowledge [2]. The aim of this research is to perform a proof of concept test of a virtual environment for upper limb rehabilitation. To this end, we have designed two rehabilitation virtual scenarios based on occupational therapy activities. Activities are monitored by a control system based on Microsoft® Kinect sensor [3], for performing bilateral hand coordination and finger dissociation rehabilitation exercises. Both virtual scenarios have been validated by expert therapists at the Institut Guttmann of Nerurrehabilitación and a preliminary evaluation has been performed with four traumatic brain injury patients