Development of Science Module based on Flipbook about Physics in the Respiratory System to Improve Students’ Learning Independence

Learning is now gradually recovering from the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic with the start of limited face-to-face learning. This makes educators need to innovate so that students still have independent learning. Less than optimal online learning causes students to be too passive when learning offline. To overcome this, research was carried out through the development of science module based on flipbook about physics in the respiratory system. This study aims to determine the feasibility level of the module, to determine the responses of students, and to find out whether the module can increase students' independence in science learning. This study uses the Thiagarajan 4D (Four-D Model) development model, consisting of four stages, namely the definition stage, the design stage, and the development stage. The dissemination stage was not carried out, this research was only limited to product feasibility testing. This study uses a descriptive qualitative approach. The sample in this study is class VIII A totaling 10 people. The collection technique used is a questionnaire and documentation. The results showed that: (1) science module based on flipbook was feasible, judging from the percentage of the feasibility of the module 96.73% (very feasible), (2) student responses to the module were in the very good category, seen from the percentage of interest in the module 90.00% (very interested), and the students' independence in learning science using flipbook-assisted science modules were included in the high category, with a percentage of 86.25% (high science learning independence).Pembelajaran kini secara bertahap pulih dari efek pandemic COVID-19 dengan dimulainya pembelajaran tatap muka terbatas. Hal ini membuat pendidik perlu berinovasi agar siswa tetap memiliki kemandirian belajar. Pembelajaran online yang kurang dari optimal menyebabkan siswa terlalu pasif saat belajar offline. Untuk mengatasi hal tersebut dilakukan penelitian melalui pengembangan modul belajar IPA berbasis flipbook. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat kelayakan modul, mengetahui respon peserta didik, dan mengetahui apakah modul dapat meningkatkan kemandirian belajar IPA peserta didik. Penelitian ini menggunakan model pengembangan Thiagarajan 4D (Four-D Model), terdiri atas empat tahap yaitu tahap pendefinisian, tahap perancangan, dan tahap pengembangan. Tahap penyebaran tidak dilakukan, penelitian ini hanya sebatas uji kelayakan produk dan uji coba terbatas. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif. Sampel dalam penelitian ini yaitu kelas VIII A SMPIT Bakti Insani berjumlah 10 orang. Teknik pengumpulan yang digunakan yaitu angket dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) Modul IPA berbasis flipbook layak digunakan, dilihat dari presentase kelayakan modul 96,73% (sangat layak), (2) respon peserta didik terhadap modul berada dalam kategori sangat baik, dilihat dari presentase ketertarikan terhadap modul 90,00% (sangat tertarik), dan kemandirian belajar IPA siswa menggunakan modul IPA berbasis flipbook termasuk kategori tinggi, dengan presentase yang diperoleh 86,25% (kemandirian belajar IPA tinggi)

PENGARUH PENERAPAN METODE BERMAIN PERAN TERHADAP KETERAMPILAN MENCERITAKAN ISI DONGENG PADA PESERTA DIDIK KELAS III SEKOLAH DASAR

The use of learning methods has considerable benefits in learning. Based on the results of observations on grade III students of SD Inpres Nogodue, the problems found by students who have not been able to read, and write are not neat and the teacher has not used the right learning method following the material taught. In general, teachers use the method of lectures and questions and answers. This condition results in the low ability of students to retell the content of fairy tales. As for the solution to this problem is to use the role-playing method. The type of research used is quantitative with experimental models. The research design used one group pretest and posttest design with a sample of 8 students. Research techniques using. The results showed that the average pretest value was 77.50, while the average posttest value was 87.50 with the hypothesis test results obtained a signification value (2-tailed) of 0.000 ≤ 0.005 then Ha was accepted and Ho was rejected. These results show that there is an influence on the use of role-playing methods on the skills of telling the content of students' fairy tales in subjects Indonesian grade III SD Inpres Nogodue

The molecular epidemiology of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia bacteraemia in a tertiary referral hospital in the United Arab Emirates 2000–2004

BACKGROUND: Stenotrophomonas maltophilia is recognised as an important cause of nosocomial infection, especially in immunocompromised patients, resulting in significant morbidity and mortality. The treatment of S. maltophilia infection presents a therapeutic challenge. The precise modes of transmission of S. maltophilia in the hospital environment are not known and such knowledge is essential to target interventions to prevent spread. There are few published data on the patterns of nosocomial infection in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). A recent study showed that S. maltophilia is an established cause of bloodstream infection in Tawam Hospital in the UAE. Little is known about its epidemiology in the hospital. METHODS: We describe the clinical characteristics of 25 episodes of S. maltophilia bacteraemia which occurred from 2000–2004. The strains were characterised using pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). RESULTS: All episodes were hospital-acquired and malignancy and central venous catheters were predisposing factors. Catheter-associated infection comprised 88% infection. Catheter removal was important for the successful management of catheter-associated infection. The results of PFGE suggested that there were as many strains as patients. S. maltophilia strains isolated from the same patient had indistinguishable PFGE profiles. CONCLUSION: PFGE is a valid and reproducible typing method for S. maltophilia. The precise sources and modes of spread of S. maltophilia in the hospital are still not known. Knowledge that person to person transmission was not a major mode of transmission enabled infection control interventions for S. maltophilia to be targeted more effectively

Development of a multivariable prediction model for early revision of total knee arthroplasty - The effect of including patient-reported outcome measures

BACKGROUND: Revision TKA is a serious adverse event with substantial consequences for the patient. As revision is becoming increasingly common in patients under 65 years, the need for improved preoperative patient selection is imminently needed. Therefore, this study aimed to identify the most important factors of early revision and to develop a prediction model of early revision including assessment of the effect of incorporating data on patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs). MATERIAL AND METHODS: A cohort of 538 patients undergoing primary TKA was included. Multiple logistic regression using forward selection of variables was applied to identify the best predictors of early revision and to develop a prediction model. The model was internally validated with stratified 5-fold cross-validation. This procedure was repeated without including data on PROMs to develop a model for comparison. The models were evaluated on their discriminative capacity using area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC). RESULTS: The most important factors of early revision were age (OR 0.63 [0.42, 0.95]; P = 0.03), preoperative EQ-5D (OR 0.07 [0.01, 0.51]; P = 0.01), and number of comorbidities (OR 1.01 [0.97, 1.25]; P = 0.15). The AUCs of the models with and without PROMs were 0.65 and 0.61, respectively. The difference between the AUCs was not statistically significant (P = 0.32). CONCLUSIONS: Although more work is needed in order to reach a clinically meaningful quality of the predictions, our results show that the inclusion of PROMs seems to improve the quality of the prediction model

COVID-SCORE: A global survey to assess public perceptions of government responses to COVID-19 (COVID-SCORE-10)

BACKGROUND content: Understanding public perceptions of government responses to COVID-19 may foster improved public cooperation. Trust in government and population risk of exposure may influence public perception of the response. Other population-level characteristics, such as country socio-economic development, COVID-19 morbidity and mortality, and degree of democratic government, may influence perception. - Label: METHODS AND FINDINGS content: We developed a novel ten-item instrument that asks respondents to rate key aspects of their government's response to the pandemic (COVID-SCORE). We examined whether the results varied by gender, age group, education level, and monthly income. We also examined the internal and external validity of the index using appropriate predefined variables. To test for dimensionality of the results, we used a principal component analysis (PCA) for the ten survey items. We found that Cronbach's alpha was 0.92 and that the first component of the PCA explained 60% of variance with the remaining factors having eigenvalues below 1, strongly indicating that the tool is both reliable and unidimensional. Based on responses from 13,426 people randomly selected from the general population in 19 countries, the mean national scores ranged from 35.76 (Ecuador) to 80.48 (China) out of a maximum of 100 points. Heterogeneity in responses was observed across age, gender, education and income with the greatest amount of heterogeneity observed between countries. National scores correlated with respondents' reported levels of trust in government and with country-level COVID-19 mortality rates. - Label: CONCLUSIONS content: The COVID-SCORE survey instrument demonstrated satisfactory validity. It may help governments more effectively engage constituents in current and future efforts to control COVID-19. Additional country-specific assessment should be undertaken to measure trends over time and the public perceptions of key aspects of government responses in other countries

Adulteration of beeswax: A first nationwide survey from Belgium.

peer reviewedBeeswax is intended for use in the beekeeping sector but also in the agro-food, pharmaceutical or cosmetics sectors. The adulteration of beeswax is an emerging issue that was reported lately at several occasions in the scientific literature. This issue tends to become more frequent and global, but its exact extent is not accurately defined. The present study aims to assess the current situation in Belgium through a nationwide survey. Randomized beeswax samples originating from Belgian beekeepers (N = 98) and commercial suppliers (N = 9) were analysed with a Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) coupled with Attenuated Total Reflectance (ATR) accessory (FTIR-ATR spectroscopy) for adulteration. The survey revealed a frequency of 9.2% and 33.3% of adulteration in beekeepers beeswax samples (9 samples out of 98: 2 with paraffin and 7 with stearin/stearic acid) and commercial beeswax samples (3 samples out of 9: all adulterated with stearin/stearic acid), respectively. The analysed samples were adulterated with various percentages of paraffin (12 to 78.8%) and stearin/stearic acid (1.2 to 20.8%). This survey indicates that in the beekeepers samples, beeswax adulteration was more frequent in comb foundation and crude beeswax than in comb wax. With the example of this nationwide survey conducted in Belgium, this study shows the emergence of the issue and the urgent need for action to safeguard the health of both honey bees health and humans, in particular with the setting of a proper regulation legal framework and a specific routine analytical testing of commercial beeswax to ensure beeswax quality

Phytic Acid Exposure Alters AflatoxinB1-induced Reproductive and Oxidative Toxicity in Albino Rats (Rattus norvegicus)

The increased use of feed in Egypt's aquaculture and animal industries raises concerns about the possible presence of mycotoxins in feedstuffs. The use of alternative medicine, such as botanicals and nutritional supplements, has become popular with inflammatory cases. The present study aimed to testify the role played by phytic acid (IP6) in enhancing the reproductive and oxidative toxicity induced in aflatoxinB1 (AFB1) treated white male albino rats (Rattus norvegicus) throughout treatment and withdrawal periods. One hundred and twenty white male albino rats were grouped into four groups. Group 1, was injected with 300 μg kg−1 body wt of AFB1 once every 3 days for 15 days and left uninjected for another 15 days to study the withdrawal effect. Group 2, was injected with 300 μg kg−1 body wt of AFB1 once every 3 days for 15 days and treated simultaneously with IP6 daily for another 15 days. Group 3, was treated daily with IP6 (40 mg kg−1 body wt) for 15 days and with no treatment for other 15 days. Group 4, injected with equivalent volume of sterile phosphate buffer saline solution as a control group. Sera were taken at the experimental intervals and assayed for testosterone hormone, follicular-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) to determine the toxicological impact of AFB1 and the possibility of amelioration by phytic acid on the reproductive performance of the studied animal. The effects of AFB1 treatment on the absolute and relative weight of testis as well as its histopathologic effect on the testis and the possibility of amelioration by IP6 treatment were evaluated. The activities of enzymatic and non-enzymatic anti-oxidants, in addition to lipid peroxidation were measured in the testis’ homogenate of AFB1-treated rats. A decrease in sex hormone levels, an increase in testicular lipid peroxidation product levels and a significant decrease in testicular glutathione content, catalase and total peroxidase and superoxide dismutase activities were recorded. The histopathologic alterations revealed a degeneration and highly mitotic division within the spermatogenic nuclei, in addition to some karyomegaly and nuclear pyknosis. It is concluded that the reduction in the toxicity of free radicals by phytic acid might be responsible for the protective influence observed