Latar Belakang Munculnya Serta Tujuan Mempelajaran Sosiologi Pendidikan Islam

This research journal discusses the definition, background, and objectives of sociological research where Sociology is the study of human behavior towards other humans in a social setting. Education is the learning of knowledge, skills, and habits of a group of people passed down from one generation to the next through teaching, training, or research. social with education in it. In the relationship between sociology and education, it can be seen how society affects education and vice versa how education itself affects society. Humans who are domiciled as members of their group or society are not individuals who are separated from their society, but rather there are ties of belief or religion, behavioral ties, cultural ties

FORMULATION AND IN VITRO SKIN PENETRATION OF A SOLID LIPID NANOPARTICLE GEL CONTAINING COFFEA ARABICA EXTRACT

Objective: The extract of Coffea contains caffeine that could be used for its anticellulite activity. This study aimed to formulate a Coffea arabicagrounds residue extract into a solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) gel dosage form and examine the physical stability and in vitro skin penetration of theformulation.Methods: Coffee grounds residue (CGR) extracts were made into three SLN formulations with different glycerin monostearate (GMS) concentrationsof 1%, 2%, and 3%. The SLN F2 formulation was a gel created by high-pressure homogenization (HPH). The in vitro penetration assessed using Franzdiffusion cells and the physical stability of the SLN extract gels was compared with those of the nonsense extract gel.Results: Formulation F2 with 2% GMS had a mean particle size (PS) of 60.3 nm, a polydispersity index (PDI) of 0.278, and zeta potential of −32±1.40.The PS for the SLN gel after HPH was 159 nm and the PDI was 0.211. Cycling and mechanical tests showed that the SLN gel was physically stable. Thecumulative amount of caffeine penetrated in vitro was 5.55±0.08 for the CGR-SLN gel and 4.18±0.08 for the CGR gel.Conclusions: The amount of caffeine penetrated into rat skin was greater for the CGR-SLN gel than for the CGR gel