Ginger (Kaempferia galanga L) Supplementation to Shorten Broiler Production Period

Consumers increasingly prefer to buy broiler weighted approximately one kg.  In this study broiler chicks were feed with commercial diet, which composed from corn, soybean, fishmeal, rice bran, dicalcium phosphate, vitamins minerals mixture (premix) and palm oil. The diet contained approximately 20.33 % of crude protein and 3100 Kcal/kg of metabolizable energy.  The ginger meal was mixed into the diet according to the treatments i.e P1 (0 %), P2 (0.02%), P3 (0.04 %), P4 (0.08 %) and P5 (0.16 %). The results showed that the total feed intake of P5 (1,808.4 g) and P2 (1,846.5 g) was significantly (P<0.05) less than those of P1 (1,966.5 g). Birds of P5 achieved one kg body weight within 26 days, P2 (27 days) and P3 (27 days) was significantly (P<0.05) less than those compared with birds of P4 (29 hari) and P1 (30 hari). The feed conversion of P5 (1.81) was also better than (P<0.05) that of P1 (1.97), while the Income over Feed and Chick Cost was Rp 1,658.78 (P5); Rp 1,568.06 (P2); Rp 1,426.54 (P3);   Rp 1,280.45 (P1) and Rp 1,195.95 (P4). (Animal Production 8(1): 59-63 (2006) Key Words : Kaempferia galanga L, Broile

Egg Production and Quality of Kampung Chicken Fed Commercial Diet Mixed with and Supplemented with Forages

Telah dilakukan suatu penelitian mengenai produktifitas dan kualitas telur ayam Kampung yang mendapat ransum komersial dicampur dedak padi.dan diberikan suplemen berupa hijauan pakan ternak. Perlakuan yang diberikan adalah ransum komersial murni (RC); RI (ransum komersial dicampur dengan dedak padi dengan rasio 1:2), RII (RI + King grass); RIII (RI + daun kriminil) dan RIV (RI + rumput lapangan). Rancangan yang dipergunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap dengan 6 kelompok ulangan yang terdiri dari 4 ekor ayam betina dewasa. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan Analisis Sidik Ragam (Analysis of Variance) disertai Duncan’s New York Multiple Range Test. Hasil analisis statistik menunjukkan bahwa hen-day production dari RC (36,10 ± 4,20%) sangat nyata (P<0,01)lebih tinggi daripada RI (24,11 ± 3,20%), RII (22,33 ± 4,50%), RIII (24,22 ± 3, 71%) dan RIV (23,41 ± 0,82%), namun tidak terlihat pengaruh nyata terhadap bobot telur, bobot yolk, bobot kerabang, haugh unit dan grade. Bobot albumen RIII (21,22 ± 3,34 g) nyata (P<0,05) lebih ringan daripada RI (25, 49 ± 2,31g). Nilai warna yolk RC (11,71 ± 0,97) sangat nyata (P<0,01) lebih tinggi daripada RI (6,70 ± 0,56), RII (9,51 ± 0,99), RII (8,91 ± 1,24) dan RIV (8,68 ± 0,96), sedangkan RI sangat nyata (P<0,01) lebih pucat daripada RC, RII, RIII, dan RIV. Pencampuran dedak padi kepada ransum komersial sangat nyata menurunkan produktivitas telur sedangkan penambahan hijauan pakan ternak memperbaiki warna yolk ayam Kampung yang diberi ransum campuran komersial dan dedak. (Animal Production 8(3): 206-210 (2006) Kata Kunci : Produksi, kualitas telur, ayam kampung, hijaua

Egg Production and Quality of Kampung Chicken Fed Commercial Diet Mixed with and Supplemented with Forages

Telah dilakukan suatu penelitian mengenai produktifitas dan kualitas telur ayam Kampung yang mendapat ransum komersial dicampur dedak padi.dan diberikan suplemen berupa hijauan pakan ternak. Perlakuan yang diberikan adalah ransum komersial murni (RC); RI (ransum komersial dicampur dengan dedak padi dengan rasio 1:2), RII (RI + King grass); RIII (RI + daun kriminil) dan RIV (RI + rumput lapangan). Rancangan yang dipergunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap dengan 6 kelompok ulangan yang terdiri dari 4 ekor ayam betina dewasa. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan Analisis Sidik Ragam (Analysis of Variance) disertai Duncan's New York Multiple Range Test. Hasil analisis statistik menunjukkan bahwa hen-day production dari RC (36,10 ± 4,20%) sangat nyata (P<0,01)lebih tinggi daripada RI (24,11 ± 3,20%), RII (22,33 ± 4,50%), RIII (24,22 ± 3, 71%) dan RIV (23,41 ± 0,82%), namun tidak terlihat pengaruh nyata terhadap bobot telur, bobot yolk, bobot kerabang, haugh unit dan grade. Bobot albumen RIII (21,22 ± 3,34 g) nyata (P<0,05) lebih ringan daripada RI (25, 49 ± 2,31g). Nilai warna yolk RC (11,71 ± 0,97) sangat nyata (P<0,01) lebih tinggi daripada RI (6,70 ± 0,56), RII (9,51 ± 0,99), RII (8,91 ± 1,24) dan RIV (8,68 ± 0,96), sedangkan RI sangat nyata (P<0,01) lebih pucat daripada RC, RII, RIII, dan RIV. Pencampuran dedak padi kepada ransum komersial sangat nyata menurunkan produktivitas telur sedangkan penambahan hijauan pakan ternak memperbaiki warna yolk ayam Kampung yang diberi ransum campuran komersial dan dedak. (Animal Production 8(3): 206-210 (2006

Ginger (Kaempferia galanga L) Supplementation to Shorten Broiler Production Period

Consumers increasingly prefer to buy broiler weighted approximately one kg.  In this study broiler chicks were feed with commercial diet, which composed from corn, soybean, fishmeal, rice bran, dicalcium phosphate, vitamins minerals mixture (premix) and palm oil. The diet contained approximately 20.33 % of crude protein and 3100 Kcal/kg of metabolizable energy.  The ginger meal was mixed into the diet according to the treatments i.e P1 (0 %), P2 (0.02%), P3 (0.04 %), P4 (0.08 %) and P5 (0.16 %). The results showed that the total feed intake of P5 (1,808.4 g) and P2 (1,846.5 g) was significantly (P<0.05) less than those of P1 (1,966.5 g). Birds of P5 achieved one kg body weight within 26 days, P2 (27 days) and P3 (27 days) was significantly (P<0.05) less than those compared with birds of P4 (29 hari) and P1 (30 hari). The feed conversion of P5 (1.81) was also better than (P<0.05) that of P1 (1.97), while the Income over Feed and Chick Cost was Rp 1,658.78 (P5); Rp 1,568.06 (P2); Rp 1,426.54 (P3);   Rp 1,280.45 (P1) and Rp 1,195.95 (P4). (Animal Production 8(1): 59-63 (2006)   Key Words : Kaempferia galanga L, Broile

Reproductive Performance of Female Local Chicken Breeds under Vitamin E Supplementation

Penelitian pendahuluan mengenai kinerja reproduksi ayam betina lokal yang mendapat supplementasi vitamin E per oral telah dilaksanakan di Balai Penelitian Ternak Bogor. 16 ekor ayam dari tiap jenis ayam lokal berumur 13 bulan ditempatkan dalam kandang individu. Rancangan yang dipergunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap pola factorial 3x4 dengan 4 ulangan.  Faktor pertama adalah jenis ayam (Kampung, Arab dan Sentul).  4 pejantan dari tiap jenis ayam ditempatkan dalam kandang individu sebagai sumber semen untuk diinseminasikan secara artifisial.  Faktor ke dua adalah level suplementasi vitamin E (O I.U., 2 I.U, 4 I.U dan 8 I.U).  Parameter yang diukur adalah produksi telur (hen-day), bobot telur, fertilitas telur dan bobot d.o.c.  Data  yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan Analisis Varians dan Duncan’s New Multiple Range Test.  Hasil analisis statistik menunjukkan bahwa jenis ayam mempengaruhi bobot telur secara nyata (P<0,05), bobot telur ayam Arab (43,07 ± 1,06 g) lebih tinggi daripada telur ayam Kampung (40.09 ± 0.53g) dan Sentul (40,77 ± 1,33g).  Fertilitas telur ayam Kampung (75,57 ±2,01%) lebih baik (P<0,01) dari pada telur ayam Arab (58,01 ± 10,50%) dan Sentul (37,26 ± 12,84%).  Suplementasi  vitamin E tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap produksi telur (“hen day production”), bobot telur, fertilitas, daya tetas dan bobot badan anak ayam ( “d.o.c” ). (Animal Production 8(2): 78-82 (2006) Kata Kunci :  Ayam lokal, reproduksi, vitamin

Reproductive Performance of Female Local Chicken Breeds under Vitamin E Supplementation

Penelitian pendahuluan mengenai kinerja reproduksi ayam betina lokal yang mendapat supplementasi vitamin E per oral telah dilaksanakan di Balai Penelitian Ternak Bogor. 16 ekor ayam dari tiap jenis ayam lokal berumur 13 bulan ditempatkan dalam kandang individu. Rancangan yang dipergunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap pola factorial 3x4 dengan 4 ulangan.  Faktor pertama adalah jenis ayam (Kampung, Arab dan Sentul).  4 pejantan dari tiap jenis ayam ditempatkan dalam kandang individu sebagai sumber semen untuk diinseminasikan secara artifisial.  Faktor ke dua adalah level suplementasi vitamin E (O I.U., 2 I.U, 4 I.U dan 8 I.U).  Parameter yang diukur adalah produksi telur (hen-day), bobot telur, fertilitas telur dan bobot d.o.c.  Data  yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan Analisis Varians dan Duncan’s New Multiple Range Test.  Hasil analisis statistik menunjukkan bahwa jenis ayam mempengaruhi bobot telur secara nyata (P<0,05), bobot telur ayam Arab (43,07 ± 1,06 g) lebih tinggi daripada telur ayam Kampung (40.09 ± 0.53g) dan Sentul (40,77 ± 1,33g).  Fertilitas telur ayam Kampung (75,57 ±2,01%) lebih baik (P<0,01) dari pada telur ayam Arab (58,01 ± 10,50%) dan Sentul (37,26 ± 12,84%).  Suplementasi  vitamin E tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap produksi telur (“hen day production”), bobot telur, fertilitas, daya tetas dan bobot badan anak ayam ( “d.o.c” ). (Animal Production 8(2): 78-82 (2006)   Kata Kunci :  Ayam lokal, reproduksi, vitamin

The Semen Quantity and Quality of Two Fowl Strains Supplemented with Vitamin E (α–Tocopherol)

The study on semen quantity and quality of Kampung and Arab fowl under various levels of vitamin E supplementation was conducted, using 2x4 factorial Completely Randomized Design with 4 replicates.  Analysis of variance followed by Duncan New Multiple Range Test were used to analyze the data.  Levels  of vitamin E given orally were 0 IU (control); 2 IU (t1); 4 IU (t2) and 8 IU (t3) per bird daily.  The results showed that semen volume was not affected by genotype (Kampung: 0.26 ± 0.05 ml Vs.  Arab: 0.22 ± 0.05 ml) while the vitamin E treatments significantly (P<0.05) affected the semen volume i.e. 0.16 ± 0.06 ml (control); 0.27 ± 0.04 ml (t1); 0.28 ± 0.03 ml (t2) and 0.23 ± 0.03 ml (t3).  Semen viscosity was not affected by genotype, but was substantially affected by vitamin E treatments.  The semen pH was not influenced by all treatments given, spermatozoa concentration of Kampung (1.80 ± 0.39 billion/ml) was not significantly different with that of Arab (1.86 ± 0.16 billion/ml).  Vitamin E treatments resulted in different (P<0.05) spermatozoa concentration among control (1.50 ± 0.16 billion/ml), t1 (1.98 ± 0.14 billion/ml), t2 (2.01 ± 0.09 billion/ml) and t3 (1.87 ± 0.18 billion/ml).  No significant different found on semen mass movement between Kampung and Arab, also among vitamin E treatments.  The spermatozoa motility of Kampung and Arab was not statistically different, however vitamin E improved motility significantly (P<0.05); control (2.90 ± 0.59); t1 (3.5 ± 0.16); t2 (3.54 ± 0.25) and t3 (3.44 ± 0.48).  Percentage of dead spermatozoa of Kampung and Arab were 18.24 ± 1.98% and 17.35 ± 2.74%, while vitamin E supplementation results were as follows 18.10 ± 3.03% (control); 18.54 ± 2.01% (t1); 17.72 ± 1.47% (t2) and 16.82 ± 2.87% (t3) no significant different was found.  Percentage of abnormal spermatozoa of Kampung (4.35 ± 0.80%) and Arab (4.64 ± 0.87%) was not different statistically.  Among the vitamin E treatments the results was as follows 4.31 ± 1.40% (control); 4.75 ± 0.69% (t1); 4.94 ± 1.91% (t2) and 3.97 ± 1.14% (t3).  However, significant (P<0.05) interaction effects were found in Kampung males at treatment t2 (4 IU) and t3 (8 IU). (Animal Production 7(2): 67-73 (2005)   Key Words: Kampung, Arab, Fowl, Semen, Vitamin

The Semen Quantity and Quality of Two Fowl Strains Supplemented with Vitamin E (α–Tocopherol)

The study on semen quantity and quality of Kampung and Arab fowl under various levels of vitamin E supplementation was conducted, using 2x4 factorial Completely Randomized Design with 4 replicates.  Analysis of variance followed by Duncan New Multiple Range Test were used to analyze the data.  Levels  of vitamin E given orally were 0 IU (control); 2 IU (t1); 4 IU (t2) and 8 IU (t3) per bird daily.  The results showed that semen volume was not affected by genotype (Kampung: 0.26 ± 0.05 ml Vs.  Arab: 0.22 ± 0.05 ml) while the vitamin E treatments significantly (P<0.05) affected the semen volume i.e. 0.16 ± 0.06 ml (control); 0.27 ± 0.04 ml (t1); 0.28 ± 0.03 ml (t2) and 0.23 ± 0.03 ml (t3).  Semen viscosity was not affected by genotype, but was substantially affected by vitamin E treatments.  The semen pH was not influenced by all treatments given, spermatozoa concentration of Kampung (1.80 ± 0.39 billion/ml) was not significantly different with that of Arab (1.86 ± 0.16 billion/ml).  Vitamin E treatments resulted in different (P<0.05) spermatozoa concentration among control (1.50 ± 0.16 billion/ml), t1 (1.98 ± 0.14 billion/ml), t2 (2.01 ± 0.09 billion/ml) and t3 (1.87 ± 0.18 billion/ml).  No significant different found on semen mass movement between Kampung and Arab, also among vitamin E treatments.  The spermatozoa motility of Kampung and Arab was not statistically different, however vitamin E improved motility significantly (P<0.05); control (2.90 ± 0.59); t1 (3.5 ± 0.16); t2 (3.54 ± 0.25) and t3 (3.44 ± 0.48).  Percentage of dead spermatozoa of Kampung and Arab were 18.24 ± 1.98% and 17.35 ± 2.74%, while vitamin E supplementation results were as follows 18.10 ± 3.03% (control); 18.54 ± 2.01% (t1); 17.72 ± 1.47% (t2) and 16.82 ± 2.87% (t3) no significant different was found.  Percentage of abnormal spermatozoa of Kampung (4.35 ± 0.80%) and Arab (4.64 ± 0.87%) was not different statistically.  Among the vitamin E treatments the results was as follows 4.31 ± 1.40% (control); 4.75 ± 0.69% (t1); 4.94 ± 1.91% (t2) and 3.97 ± 1.14% (t3).  However, significant (P<0.05) interaction effects were found in Kampung males at treatment t2 (4 IU) and t3 (8 IU). (Animal Production 7(2): 67-73 (2005) Key Words: Kampung, Arab, Fowl, Semen, Vitamin

The Semen Quantity and Quality of Two Fowl Strains Supplemented with Vitamin E (α–Tocopherol)

The study on semen quantity and quality of Kampung and Arab fowl under various levels of vitamin E supplementation was conducted, using 2x4 factorial Completely Randomized Design with 4 replicates. Analysis of variance followed by Duncan New Multiple Range Test were used to analyze the data. Levels of vitamin E given orally were 0 IU (control); 2 IU (t1); 4 IU (t2) and 8 IU (t3) per bird daily. The results showed that semen volume was not affected by genotype (Kampung: 0.26 ± 0.05 ml Vs. Arab: 0.22 ± 0.05 ml) while the vitamin E treatments significantly (P<0.05) affected the semen volume i.e. 0.16 ± 0.06 ml (control); 0.27 ± 0.04 ml (t1); 0.28 ± 0.03 ml (t2) and 0.23 ± 0.03 ml (t3). Semen viscosity was not affected by genotype, but was substantially affected by vitamin E treatments. The semen pH was not influenced by all treatments given, spermatozoa concentration of Kampung (1.80 ± 0.39 billion/ml) was not significantly different with that of Arab (1.86 ± 0.16 billion/ml). Vitamin E treatments resulted in different (P<0.05) spermatozoa concentration among control (1.50 ± 0.16 billion/ml), t1 (1.98 ± 0.14 billion/ml), t2 (2.01 ± 0.09 billion/ml) and t3 (1.87 ± 0.18 billion/ml). No significant different found on semen mass movement between Kampung and Arab, also among vitamin E treatments. The spermatozoa motility of Kampung and Arab was not statistically different, however vitamin E improved motility significantly (P<0.05); control (2.90 ± 0.59); t1 (3.5 ± 0.16); t2 (3.54 ± 0.25) and t3 (3.44 ± 0.48). Percentage of dead spermatozoa of Kampung and Arab were 18.24 ± 1.98% and 17.35 ± 2.74%, while vitamin E supplementation results were as follows 18.10 ± 3.03% (control); 18.54 ± 2.01% (t1); 17.72 ± 1.47% (t2) and 16.82 ± 2.87% (t3) no significant different was found. Percentage of abnormal spermatozoa of Kampung (4.35 ± 0.80%) and Arab (4.64 ± 0.87%) was not different statistically. Among the vitamin E treatments the results was as follows 4.31 ± 1.40% (control); 4.75 ± 0.69% (t1); 4.94 ± 1.91% (t2) and 3.97 ± 1.14% (t3). However, significant (P<0.05) interaction effects were found in Kampung males at treatment t2 (4 IU) and t3 (8 IU). (Animal Production 7(2): 67-73 (2005