25 research outputs found

    Tip 1 diabetes mellitus hastalarında tanı mevsimi değişiyor mu?

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    Objective: By the effect of global warming, climate model of Turkey is suggested to evolve through semi-arid seasons and to the tropical climate. This study aimed to determine the seasonability for clinical onset of Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). Method: T1DM patients newly diagnosed between 2014 and 2019 in our pediatric endocrinology department located in Istanbul were included in this study. Clinical onset date and age of diagnosis of diabetes were recorded for each patient. Using the worldwheatheronline.com website, regional average rainy days, cloudy days, sunny days, temperature, and ultraviolet index (UVI) were calculated per month for the past 6 years. Results: A total of 659 patients with the new onset T1DM included in this study. A number of new diagnosed patients were 29.1% (192) in winter, 22.8% (150) in spring, 17.6% (116) in summer, and 30.5% (201) in autumn, respectively. No significant effect of the rainy day, cloudy day, sunny day, temperature, and UVI average of the month of diagnosis could be detected on this seasonal shift. Similar results were obtained when 132 patients whose under 4 years of age at the time of diagnosis were excluded from the study data. Conclusion: Although weather conditions seemed to have no considerable effect on this seasonal shift, the T1DM onset in the autumn season was seen to be shifted to the spring season, partially. Further studies including large number of participants are needed for a better understanding of the seasonality of T1DM worldwide.Amaç: Küresel ısınma ile birlikte Türkiye’de mevsimlerin yarı kurak ve tropik iklim özelliklerine doğru evrildiği, son yıllarda sonbahar ve ilkbahar hava koşullarının yarısının kışa, yarısının da yaza benzer seyrettiği düşünülmektedir. Bu çalışmada, tip 1 diabetes mellitus klinik tanı zamanında mevsim değişikliğinin ve bu duruma hava koşullarının olası etkisinin incelenmesi amaçlandı. Yöntem: Çalışmaya İstanbul’daki çocuk endokrinoloji kliniğimizde 2014 ile 2019 yılları arasında yeni tanı almış 18 yaş altı tip 1 diabetes mellitus hastaları dahil edildi. Her hasta için klinik belirti başlangıç tarihi ve diyabet tanı mevsimi ile demografik veriler kaydedildi. Worldwheatheronline.com web sitesi kullanılarak İstanbul ilinin son beş yılındaki tip 1 diabetes mellitus tanı ayına ait aylık ortalama yağışlı gün, bulutlu gün, güneşli gün sayısı, sıcaklık ve ultraviyole indeks ortalaması saptandı. Hastaların tanı yaşı ile tanı mevsimi ve hava koşulları arasındaki ilişki istatistiksel olarak değerlendirildi. Bulgular: Çalışmaya 659 yeni tanı almış tip 1 diabetes mellitus hastası alındı. Çalışmaya alınan hastaların %50,4’ü kız (n=332), %49,6’sı (n=327) erkek idi. Mevsimlere göre yeni tanı konulan hasta sayısı sırasıyla kışın %29,1 (n=192), ilkbaharda %22,8 (n=150), yazın %17,6 (n=116) ve sonbaharda %30,5 (n=201) idi. Çalışma süresince tip 1 diabetes mellitus klinik başlangıcının kış ve sonbahar aylarında yüksek ilkbahar ve yaz aylarında düşük olduğu görülmekle beraber istatistiksel anlamı olacak şekilde 2016 yılı ve sonrasında sonbahar mevsimindeki diyabet başlangıç ağırlığının bir kısmının ilkbahar mevsiminekaymış olduğu izlendi. Ancak mevsimsel bu kayma üzerinde tanı ayına ait yağışlı gün, bulutlu gün, güneşli gün, sıcaklık ve ultraviyole indeks ortalamasının anlamlı bir etkisi saptanmadı. Tanı sırasında dört yaşın altında olan 132 hasta çalışma verilerinden çıkarılarak yapılan istatistiksel değerlendirmede sonuçların değişmediği görüldü. Sonuç: Çalışmamız ile sonbahar mevsimindeki diyabet başlangıç ağırlığının bir kısmının ilkbahar mevsimine kaymış olduğu tespit edilmiş olup bu mevsimsel kaymaya hava koşullarının etkisinin olmadığı görüldü. T1DM tanısında mevsimsel özelliklerin etkisini daha iyi değerlendirebilmek için daha çok sayıda hasta içeren geniş kapsamlı çalışmalara gereksinim duyulmaktadır

    Common polymorphisms of growth hormone: Growth hormone receptor axis in Turkish children with short stature

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    Objective: A single-nucleotide polymorphism of the growth hormone 1 gene, GH1IVS4+90A>T (rs2665802), associated with short stature and a polymorphism of the growth hormone receptor gene, exon 3 deleted variant, associated with increased responsiveness to growth hormone have been reported previously. We aimed to investigate the frequency of both polymorphisms and their correlation to height in Turkish short children. Also, we aimed to evaluate the effect of exon 3 deleted variant on response to 1-year growth hormone therapy. Materials and Methods: Children with idiopathic isolated growth hormone deficiency (n = 39) and with idiopathic short stature (n = 10) and 50 control subjects were evaluated for anthropo-metric parameters, annual growth velocity, and annual height gain. Growth hormone receptor gene polymorphisms were analyzed via multiplex polymerase chain reaction; growth hormone 1 gene polymorphism was analyzed via polymerase chain reaction and single-strand confor-mation polymorphism techniques. Results: The frequency of genotypes carrying the “A” allele was not significantly higher in the idiopathic isolated growth hormone deficiency group than in the idiopathic short stature and control groups (P = .03 for each). The exon 3 deleted variant genotype was significantly lower in the idiopathic short stature group compared to the control group (P = .01). There was no effect of exon 3 deleted variant, on response to the first-year growth hormone therapy. Conclusion: In Turkish population, no correlation was found between the “A” allele of GH1IVS4+90A>T polymorphism and idiopathic isolated growth hormone deficiency and short stature, and a significant negative correlation was found between exon 3 deleted variant and idiopathic short stature and short stature. Exon 3 deleted variant has no effect on response to growth hormone treatment.Istanbul Universit

    A Rare Case of Cholestasis: Arthrogryposis, Renal Tubular Disorder and Cholestasis Syndrome

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    Arthrogryposis, renal tubular dysfunction and cholestasis (ARC) syndrome is a rare, autosomal recessive multisystem disorder. Severe growth retardation, ichthyosis, recurrent febrile disease, platelet abnormalities, sensorineural hearing loss, hypotonia and corpus callosum dysgenesis were later included as further features of this syndrome. We present a case of ARC syndrome diagnosed by genetic analysis

    Relationship between visceral adiposity index and glycemic and metabolic control in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus

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    Background: Visceral Adiposity Index (VAI) is a gender-specific mathematical model based on BMI, waist circumference (WC) and lipid parameters. No study has yet examined the relationship between this index and the glycemic and metabolic parameters in children and adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (DM). The current study aims at examining the relationship between glycemic and metabolic control and VAI in children and adolescents with Type 1 DM. Methods: A total of 150 children and adolescents aged 6–18 years with Type 1 DM were included in this study. Anthropometric, glycemic and metabolic parameters were examined. VAI was calculated using gender-specific formulas. Statistical analysis was done by SPSS version 23. Results: The average age of the participants was 12.2 ± 3.1 years (females 53.0%). The females had higher rates of VAI, microalbuminuria and hypertension than males. Participants of both gender with higher VAI quartiles had higher anthropometric measurements, insulin usage, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), triglycerides and urine microalbumin and had poor glycemic control. Sex adjusted correlation analysis showed that VAI is negatively correlated with estimated glucose disposal rate (eGDR), and positively correlated with insulin dose, LDL-C, triglycerides, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and microalbuminuria. Conclusion: The present paper is the first study examining the relationship between Type 1 DM and VAI. Higher VAI values in children and adolescents with type 1 DM may adversely affect glycemic and metabolic control. VAI can be a useful and new method in evaluating glycemic and metabolic control in children and adolescents with Type 1 DM

    Infectious mononucleosis with pleural effusion due to epstein-barr virus

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    Enfeksiyoz mononükleoz çocuklarda ve adölesanlarda sık görülen multisistemik bir hastalıktır. Tipik olarak halsizlik, ateş, boğaz ağrısı, lenfadenopati ve hepatosplenomegali hastalığın beklenen bulgularıdır. Laboratuvar incelemelerinde lökositoz, serum AST, ALT ve GGT seviyelerinde yükseklik beklenmektedir. Primer EBV virüs enfeksiyonlarının tanısında Epstein-Barr viral kapsit, erken ve nükleer antijenlerine karşı antikorlar oluşur. Pulmoner infiltrasyonlar bilinen bir komplikasyon olmasına rağmen plevral efüzyon pediatrik popülasyonda nadirdir. Biz burada yedi yaşındaki bir çocukta enfeksiyoz mononükleozun beklenmedik bir komplikasyonu olarak plevral efüzyon gelişen bir olguyu sunduk. Bunu göğüs grafisi ve ultrasonografik olarak gösterdik. Sonuç olarak, çocuklarda plevral efüzyonun ayırıcı tanısında enfeksiyoz mononükleoz göz önünde bulundurulmalıdır.Infectious mononucleosis (IM) is a multisystem illness that occurs frequently in older children and adolescents. Typically, malaise, fever, sore throat, lymphadenopathy, and hepatosplenomegaly are the predominant symptoms. Laboratory findings revealed leukocytosis, serum GOT, GPT, and GGT levels were elevated, and antibodies to Epstein-Barr viral capsid, early, and nuclear antigens were diagnostic of a primary EpsteinBarr virus infection. Pulmonary infiltrates are a well-recognized complication, but pleural effusions are rare, especially in the pediatric population. We have described a seven-year-old child in whom a pleural effusion complicated an otherwise typical case of IM. Although rare, pleural effusions are a possible complication of infectious mononucleosis. This complication is detectable by ultrasonographies and chest X-ray examinations. As a result, IM should be considered in the differential diagnosis of pleural effusions in children

    A case of hyperprolactinemia at childhood

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    Hiperprolaktinemi çocukluk yaş grubunda ender olup, hipofiz adenomlarından kaynaklanabilir. On altı yaşında kız hasta âdet görememe, sol göğsünden süt gelmesi yakınmaları ile başvurdu. Fizik muayenesinde tiroid bezi palpe edilmeyen hastanın sol memesinden süt aktığı saptandı. Tetkiklerinde Tiroid Stimulan Hormon (TSH)=3.13 uIU/ml (0.5-5 uIU/ml), serbest T4=0.73 ng/dl (0.71-1.85 ng/dl), Folikül Stimulan Hormon (FSH)=10.7 mIU/ml (4-13 mIU/ml, foliküler faz), Lüteinizan Hormon (LH)=8.45 mIU/ml (2.4-12.6 mIU/ml), Prolaktin=227.9 ng/mL (5.18-26.53 ng/ml) bulunması üzerine çekilen hipofiz manyetik rezonans görüntülemede sella turcicayı genişleten, suprasellar sisterni oblitere eden, optik kiazmaya kadar uzanan 20x15 mm ebadında makroadenom saptandı. Kan Kortizol=14 mcg/dl (<20 mcg/dl), Büyüme Hormonu=2.86 mIU/ml (0-20 mIU/ml), Adrenokortikotropik Hormon (ACTH)=24.7 pg/ml (0-100 pg/ml) bulunan hastanın görme alanı muayenesinde bitemporal defekt izlenmedi. Nöroşirurji konsültasyonunda cerrahi girişim düşünülmeyen hastaya Kabergoline tedavisi başlandı. Tedavinin 2. gününde galaktoresi kaybolan olgunun 7. günde bakılan kan prolaktin düzeyi 14.84 ng/mL saptandı. Tedavinin 20. gününde çekilen hipofiz manyetik rezonans görüntülemede adenom boyutlarında küçülme tespit edildi. Sonuç olarak, çocuklarda hipofizer adenomların tedavisinde medikal tedavi ile yüz güldürücü sonuçlar alınabilir. Bu nedenle cerrahi girişimden önce medikal tedavi denenmelidir.Hyperprolactinemia is a rare disease in childhood which can originate from pituitary adenomas. Sixteen years old girl was admitted with complaints of amenorrhea and galactorrhea from left breast. On physical examination thyroid gland was nonpalpable and galactorrhea from left breast is detected. Laboratory evaluations revealed that, Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH)=3.13 uIU/ml (0.5-5 uIU/ml), free T4=0.73 ng/dl (0.71-1.85 ng/dl), Follicule Stimulating Hormone (FSH)=10.7 mIU/ml (4-13 mIU/ml, follicular phase), Luteinising Hormone (LH)=8.45 mIU/ml, Prolaktin=227.9 ng/mL (5.18-26.53 ng/ml). Pituitary magnetic resonance imaging showed a macroadenoma about 20x15 mm extending to optic chiasm, enlarging sellaturcica and obliterating suprasellarcisterna. Serum levels of cortisole =14 mcg/dl (&lt;20 mcg/dl), growth hormone=2.86 mIU/ml (0-20 mIU/ml), Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH)=24.7 pg/ml (0-100 pg/ml). There was no bitemporal defect in visual area examination. On neurosurgical consultation,there was no neccesity for surgical intervention and cabergoline treatment was initiated. Galactorrhea was resolved on the second day of treatment,and prolactin level decreased to 14.84 ng/ml on 7th day. Pituitary magnetic resonance imaging showed shrinkage in size of adenoma on 20th day. In conclusion, medical treatment of prolactinoma in childhood may have satisfying response; so that medical treatment should be tried before surgical intervention
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