Different legal traditions : comments about Delmas-Marty’s research project on internationalization of Law in Latin America

O objetivo deste artigo é discutir a relação entre o direito internacional e as tradições jurídicas locais de países como o Brasil. Para tanto, o artigo discute a metodologia do projeto de pesquisa da professora Delmas-Marty, do Collège de France, chamado “Les figures de l’internationalisation du droit – Amérique Latine”, no qual vários pesquisadores brasileiros participaram. Propõe-se entender o direito internacional e os direitos nacionais como formas diferentes de linguagem.This article aim is to discuss the relationship between international law and third world law traditions, such as Brazilian’s one. In order to do so, it addresses the methodological issues from Delmas Marty’s research project, called “Les figures de l’internationalisation du droit – Amérique Latine”, in which several Brazilian researchers participated. The article proposes to understand International and Brazilian Law as different forms of language

Amares, Portugal. Letter to Madame Elizabeth Legere Fleming, from Dr. Eduardo Abreu. In French.

Included: Flyer with description and reproduction of an engraving of the Civil War ship, Alabama

Physiological characteristics as analyzed by hormone profile, metabolic pathways and expression of specific induced genes of C3, C4 and CAM tropical crops propagated by Temporary Immersion Bioreactors (TIB)

Doutoramento em Engenharia Agronómica - Instituto Superior de AgronomiaPhysiology and biochemistry of in vitro plants can be complex and different when compared with conventional and well known plant ex vitro behavior. Metabolic reprogramming events that occur in a number of in vitro propagated plant species give rise to low ex vitro yields as a handicap for commercial application. Temporary Immersion Bioreactors (TIB) are a method to obtain plantlet morphology and physiology much alike that of in vivo grown plants. Three tropical crops were selected for their economic importance, but also because of their different photosynthetic characteristics, to compare C4 (sugarcane) and C3-CAM (pineapple) facultative photosynthetic pathways to the more common C3-type (plantain) photosynthesis. Experiments performed using plantain and sugarcane allowed to integrate the results obtained when monitoring the oxidative stress response in C3 and C4 metabolism. Pineapple plants propagated in TIB and evaluated during acclimatization under C3 and CAM inducing conditions were used to describe the facultative C3-CAM carbon metabolism and the influence of the environmental conditions on the switch from C3 to CAM. Studies based on the modulation of in vitro conditions which reproduce abiotic stress conditions can be used for understanding the influence of upcoming climate changes on the physiology of different speciesFC

Customer lifetime value in insurance

Internship Report presented as the partial requirement for obtaining a Master's degree in Data Science and Advanced AnalyticsThroughout the years, companies from several business sectors have strived to strengthen their client portfolio by acquiring and retaining the most profitable. For this to happen, current and potential clients must be clearly classified based on their past and future interactions with a company throughout the lifetime of their relationship. This report presents how the previous scenario was implemented using Customer Lifetime Value (CLV) in one of the biggest bancassurance companies in Portugal, during a 9-month internship. Before delving into the detailed set of this project phases, the concept of CLV was reviewed, as well as the characteristics which define its several approaches, followed by the alignment of the chosen approach to the company reality. This CLV model was limited to a 12-month future horizon, covered 7 company dimensions (one global, plus 1 per lines of business) and took into consideration as main future client interactions churn, cross-sell, upsell and risk of claiming. These previous components were modeled with the help of SAS Enterprise Miner or estimated using SAS Enterprise Guide and analyzing historical events. Besides a purely monetary CLV, it was also generated an ordinal output using a set of business rules and a ranking data discretization method. Finally, a back-test validation procedure was executed to evaluate the reliability of both types of outputs in each of the considered dimensions and its results were analyzed.Ao longo dos anos, empresas de diversos setores têm-se esforçado para fortalecer o seu portfolio de clientes, adquirindo e retendo os mais lucrativos. Para que isto acontecer, os clientes atuais e potenciais têm de ser devidamente categorizados com base nas suas interações passadas e futuras com uma determinada empresa, ao longo do ciclo de vida da sua relação com a mesma. Este relatório vez por sua vez apresentar como o cenário anterior foi implementado durante um estágio de 9 meses numa das maiores empresas de bancassurance em Portugal, recorrendo ao Customer Lifetime Value (CLV). Antes de aprofundar o conjunto de fases deste projeto, foi feita uma revisão do conceito de CLV, assim como das principais características que definem as diversas abordagens, seguido do alinhamento da abordagem escolhida com a realidade da companhia. Este modelo foi limitado a um horizonte futuro de 12 meses, compreendeu 7 dimensões (uma global e uma por cada linha de negócio) e integrou como principais interações futuras do cliente o churn, cross-sell, upsell e risco de sinistralidade. Estes componentes foram modelados com a ajuda da ferramenta SAS Enterprise Miner, ou estimados utilizando o SAS Enterprise Guide para analisar eventos passados. Além de um CLV puramente monetário, também foi criado um output ordinal recorrendo a um conjunto de regras de negócio e um método de ranking data discretization. No fim, foi executado um procedimento de validação back-test com o intuito de avaliar a credibilidade dos dois tipos de outputs ao longo das várias dimensões e foi feita uma análise dos resultados finais