USAGE OF AC PLASMA TORCH FOR PRODUCTION OF OXIDE POWDERS

The report deals with the synthesis of oxide materials in a plasma torch with separate injection of plasma-forming gas and solid aerosol of precursors. Thus, it is possible to provide a stability of the plasma torch operation and high degree of mixing of thermal plasma and precursors.188-18

THERMAL STEAM PLASMA DECOMPOSITION OF ORGANOCHLORINE COMPOUNDS

The report considers the decomposition of carbon tetrachloride and chlorobenzene by the plasma obtained in an AC plasma torch with separate supply of shielding gas and reaction components.171-17

HIGH VOLTAGE AC PLASMA TORCH OPERATING ON VAPORS OF ORGANIC SUBSTANCES

The report deals with a three-phase high-voltage plasma torch with separate supply of gases and vapors during its operation on a mixture of steam, carbon dioxide, methane and chlorobenzene vapors. Increase in the chlorobenzene flow rate leads to increase in the arc voltage drop and electric power from 100 to 140 kW.99-9

Clinical experience with cyclosporine eye drops for severe dry eye

O.I. Lebedev1, A.V. Surov1, E.V. Akentieva2 1Omsk State Medical University, Omsk, Russian Federation 2Clinical Ophthalmologic Hospital named after V.P. Vykhodtsev, Omsk, Russian Federation Dry eye disease provokes inflammation of autoimmune origin. Therefore, immunosuppressants are pathogenetically reasonable for this disorder. Topical 0.05% cyclosporine emulsion may provide good treatment outcomes when tear replacement drops and corneal protective remedies are ineffective. Cyclosporine is a calcineurin inhibitor which blocks T cells thus decreasing pro-inflammatory cytokine release and preventing goblet cell apoptosis. This paper describes clinical experience with cyclosporine in a woman with severe dry eye who received long-term treatment without stable favorable outcomes. Topical 0.05% cyclosporine emulsion (eye drops) improves subjective signs and functional test results as well as provides corneal infiltrate epithelialization. The analysis of clinical sings and functional test results demonstrates that cyclosporine is highly effective for severe dry eye which manifests with corneal and conjunctival inflammation and degeneration (especially considering autoimmune origin of the inflammation). In addition, this agent provides favorable outcomes when standard tear replacement and anti-inflammatory treatment is ineffective. Key words: dry eye, xerosis, autoimmune inflammation, apoptosis, goblet cells, anti-inflammatory treatment, cyclosporine. For citation: Lebedev O.I., Surov A.V., Akentieva E.V. Clinical experience with cyclosporine eye drops for severe dry eye. Russian Journal of Clinical Ophthalmology. 2019;19(1):50–53. About the authors: 1Оleg I. Lebedev — MD, PhD, Professor, Head of Ophthalmological Department; 1Aleksandr V. Surov — MD, PhD, Associate Professor of Ophthalmological Department; 2Yevgeniya V. Akentyeva — ophthalmologist. 1Omsk State Medical University. 12, Lenin str., Оmsk, 644099, Russian Federation. 2Clinical Ophthalmologic Hospital named after V.P. Vykhodtsev. 60, Lermontov str., Оmsk, 644024, Russian Federation. Contact information:&nbsp;Aleksandr V. Surov, e-mail:&nbsp;[email protected].&nbsp;Financial Disclosure:&nbsp;no author has a financial or property interest in any material or method mentioned. There is no&nbsp;conflict of interests. Received:&nbsp;18.09.2018.<br

Molecular phylogenetics and taxonomy of dwarf hamsters Cricetulus Milne-Edwards, 1867 (Cricetidae, Rodentia): description of a new genus and reinstatement of another

Lebedev, V.S., Bannikova, A.A., Neumann, K., Ushakova, M.V., Ivanova, N.V., Surov, A.V. (2018): Molecular phylogenetics and taxonomy of dwarf hamsters Cricetulus Milne-Edwards, 1867 (Cricetidae, Rodentia): description of a new genus and reinstatement of another. Zootaxa 4387 (2): 331-349, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4387.2.

THERMAL STEAM PLASMA DECOMPOSITION OF ORGANOCHLORINE COMPOUNDS

171-171The report considers the decomposition of carbon tetrachloride and chlorobenzene by the plasma obtained in an AC plasma torch with separate supply of shielding gas and reaction components

USAGE OF AC PLASMA TORCH FOR PRODUCTION OF OXIDE POWDERS

188-188The report deals with the synthesis of oxide materials in a plasma torch with separate injection of plasma-forming gas and solid aerosol of precursors. Thus, it is possible to provide a stability of the plasma torch operation and high degree of mixing of thermal plasma and precursors

Сравнительный анализ применения одноэтапной и двухэтапной уретропластики при лечении детей с проксимальными формами гипоспадии. Лоскут или трансплантат?

BACKGROUND: Surgical treatment of proximal forms of hypospadias in children is still a complex and largely unsolved problem. The large number of postoperative complications following reconstructive surgery for proximal forms of hypospadias supports scientific interest in this issue. AIM: This study aimed to conduct a retrospective comparative analysis of the effectiveness of two types of urethroplasty. We compared fundamentally different approaches to the formation of the artificial urethra, surgical techniques that use a different type of movement, and blood supply of the plastic materials a flap and a graft. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study included 113 primary patients with proximal hypospadias aged 8 months to 15 years who underwent surgery between 2013 and 2019 and were divided into two comparison groups. Group 1 included 53 (46.9%) boys; a single-stage urethroplasty was performed by the onlay-tube method, where a longitudinal skin flap of the dorsal surface of the penis was used as a plastic material. Group 2 included 60 (53.1%) patients; two-stage urethroplasty was performed by the Bracka method, where the plastic material for the formation of the artificial urethra was a preputial graft in 44 (73.3%) patients and a graft of the oral mucosa in 16 (26.7%) patients. RESULTS: When comparing the surgical results in the form of the number of complications requiring repeated surgical interventions under anesthesia to eliminate them, corresponding to ClavienDindo 3B complications, a significant difference was obtained in the study groups. The surgical results were significantly better when performing the two-stage Bracka method. CONCLUSIONS: In the surgical treatment of proximal forms of hypospadias in children, the two-stage Bracka method, where the plastic material for the formation of the artificial urethra is a preputial or mucosal graft, significantly reduced the number of postoperative complications.Актуальность. Хирургическое лечение детей с проксимальными формами гипоспадии все еще остается сложной и во многом нерешенной проблемой. Большое количество послеоперационных осложнений, получаемых после проведения реконструктивных операций по поводу проксимальных форм гипоспадии, поддерживает научный интерес к этому вопросу. Цель ретроспективный сравнительный анализ эффективности двух типов уретропластики. Проведено сравнение принципиьно разных подходов к формированию артифициальной уретры, а именно хирургических методик, в которых используется различный по виду перемещения и кровоснабжения пластический материал лоскут и трансплантат. Материалы и методы. В исследование включены 113 первичных пациентов с проксимальной формой гипоспадии в возрасте от 8 мес. до 15 лет, прооперированных в период с 2013 по 2019 г. При этом выделено две группы сравнения. В первой группе 53 (46,9 %) мальчикам была выполнена одноэтапная уретропластика методом onlay-tube, где в качестве пластического материала был использован продольный кожный лоскут дорсальной поверхности полового члена. Во второй группе 60 (53,1 %) пациентам была проведена двухэтапная уретропластика методом Bracka, где пластическим материалом для формирования артифициальной уретры служил препуциальный трансплантат в 44 (73,3 %) случаях и трансплантат слизистой ротовой полости в 16 (26,7%). Результаты. При сравнении хирургических результатов в виде количества осложнений, требующих повторного хирургического вмешательства под наркозом для их устранения, соответствующих степени 3В по международной классификации осложнений Clavien Dindo, получена достоверная статистическая разница в исследуемых группах. При использовании двухэтапной операции Bracka хирургические результаты были достоверно лучше. Выводы. При хирургическом лечении детей с проксимальными формами гипоспадии, применение двухэтапной операции Bracka, где пластическим материалом для формирования артифициальной уретры является препуциальный или слизистый трансплантат, достоверно уменьшает количество послеоперационных осложнений

HIGH VOLTAGE AC PLASMA TORCH OPERATING ON VAPORS OF ORGANIC SUBSTANCES

99-99The report deals with a three-phase high-voltage plasma torch with separate supply of gases and vapors during its operation on a mixture of steam, carbon dioxide, methane and chlorobenzene vapors. Increase in the chlorobenzene flow rate leads to increase in the arc voltage drop and electric power from 100 to 140 kW