1,859 research outputs found
Thermal conductivity via magnetic excitations in spin-chain materials
We discuss the recent progress and the current status of experimental
investigations of spin-mediated energy transport in spin-chain and spin-ladder
materials with antiferromagnetic coupling. We briefly outline the central
results of theoretical studies on the subject but focus mainly on recent
experimental results that were obtained on materials which may be regarded as
adequate physical realizations of the idealized theoretical model systems. Some
open questions and unsettled issues are also addressed.Comment: 17 pages, 4 figure
Discrete kink dynamics in hydrogen-bonded chains I: The one-component model
We study topological solitary waves (kinks and antikinks) in a nonlinear
one-dimensional Klein-Gordon chain with the on-site potential of a double-Morse
type. This chain is used to describe the collective proton dynamics in
quasi-one-dimensional networks of hydrogen bonds, where the on-site potential
plays role of the proton potential in the hydrogen bond. The system supports a
rich variety of stationary kink solutions with different symmetry properties.
We study the stability and bifurcation structure of all these stationary kink
states. An exactly solvable model with a piecewise ``parabola-constant''
approximation of the double-Morse potential is suggested and studied
analytically. The dependence of the Peierls-Nabarro potential on the system
parameters is studied. Discrete travelling-wave solutions of a narrow permanent
profile are shown to exist, depending on the anharmonicity of the Morse
potential and the cooperativity of the hydrogen bond (the coupling constant of
the interaction between nearest-neighbor protons).Comment: 12 pages, 20 figure
Vacuum creation of quarks at the time scale of QGP thermalization and strangeness enhancement in heavy-ion collisions
The vacuum parton creation in quickly varying external fields is studied at
the time scale of order 1 fm/ typical for the quark-gluon plasma formation
and thermalization. To describe the pre-equilibrium evolution of the system the
transport kinetic equation is employed. It is shown that the dynamics of
production process at times comparable with particle inverse masses can deviate
considerably from that based on classical Schwinger-like estimates for
homogeneous and constant fields. One of the effects caused by non-stationary
chromoelectric fields is the enhancement of the yield of quark
pairs. Dependence of this effect on the shape and duration of the field pulse
is studied together with the influence of string fusion and reduction of quark
masses.Comment: REVTEX, 11pp. incl. 4 figures, to be published in Phys. Lett.
An algorithm to obtain global solutions of the double confluent Heun equation
A procedure is proposed to construct solutions of the double confluent Heun
equation with a determinate behaviour at the singular points. The connection
factors are expressed as quotients of Wronskians of the involved solutions.
Asymptotic expansions are used in the computation of those Wronskians. The
feasibility of the method is shown in an example, namely, the Schroedinger
equation with a quasi-exactly-solvable potential
Relativistic ponderomotive force, uphill acceleration, and transition to chaos
Starting from a covariant cycle-averaged Lagrangian the relativistic
oscillation center equation of motion of a point charge is deduced and
analytical formulae for the ponderomotive force in a travelling wave of
arbitrary strength are presented. It is further shown that the ponderomotive
forces for transverse and longitudinal waves are different; in the latter,
uphill acceleration can occur. In a standing wave there exists a threshold
intensity above which, owing to transition to chaos, the secular motion can no
longer be described by a regular ponderomotive force.
PACS number(s): 52.20.Dq,05.45.+b,52.35.Mw,52.60.+hComment: 8 pages, RevTeX, 3 figures in PostScript, see also
http://www.physik.th-darmstadt.de/tqe
Transition Spectra for a BCS Superconductor with Multiple Gaps: Model Calculations for MgB_2
We analyze the qualitative features in the transition spectra of a model
superconductor with multiple energy gaps, using a simple extension of the
Mattis-Bardeen expression for probes with case I and case II coherence factors.
At temperature T = 0, the far infrared absorption edge is, as expected,
determined by the smallest gap. However, the large thermal background may mask
this edge at finite temperatures and instead the secondary absorption edges
found at Delta_i+Delta_j may become most prominent. At finite T, if certain
interband matrix elements are large, there may also be absorption peaks at the
gap difference frequencies | Delta_i-Delta_j | . We discuss the effect of
sample quality on the measured spectra and the possible relation of these
predictions to the recent infrared absorption measurement on MgB_2
Spin transport of electrons through quantum wires with spatially-modulated strength of the Rashba spin-orbit interaction
We study ballistic transport of spin-polarized electrons through quantum
wires in which the strength of the Rashba spin-orbit interaction (SOI) is
spatially modulated. Subband mixing, due to SOI, between the two lowest
subbands is taken into account. Simplified approximate expressions for the
transmission are obtained for electron energies close to the bottom of the
first subband and near the value for which anticrossing of the two lowest
subbands occurs. In structures with periodically varied SOI strength, {\it
square-wave} modulation on the spin transmission is found when only one subband
is occupied and its possible application to the spin transistor is discussed.
When two subbands are occupied the transmission is strongly affected by the
existence of SOI interfaces as well as by the subband mixing
Energy gap and proximity effect in superconducting wires
Measurements of the penetration depth in the presence of a DC
magnetic field were performed in wires. In as-prepared wires shows a strong diamagnetic downturn below . A DC
magnetic field of completely suppressed the downturn. The data are
consistent with proximity coupling to a surface layer left during
synthesis. A theory for the proximity effect in the clean limit, together with
an assumed distribution of the layer thickness, qualitatively explains the
field and temperature dependence of the data. Removal of the by chemical
etching results in an exponential temperature dependence for with
an energy gap of (),
in close agreement with recent measurements on commercial powders and single
crystals. This minimum gap is only 44% of the BCS weak coupling value, implying
substantial anisotropy.Comment: RevTeX 4, 4 EPS figure
From Storage and Retrieval of Pulses to Adiabatons
We investigate whether it is possible to store and retrieve the intense probe
pulse from a -type homogeneous medium of cold atoms. Through numerical
simulations we show that it is possible to store and retrieve the probe pulse
which are not necessarily weak. As the intensity of the probe pulse increases,
the retrieved pulse remains a replica of the original pulse, however there is
overall broadening and loss of the intensity. These effects can be understood
in terms of the dependence of absorption on the intensity of the probe. We
include the dynamics of the control field, which becomes especially important
as the intensity of the probe pulse increases. We use the theory of adiabatons
[Grobe {\it et al.} Phys. Rev. Lett. {\bf 73}, 3183 (1994)] to understand the
storage and retrieval of light pulses at moderate powers.Comment: 15 pages, 7 figures, typed in RevTe
Two-bands superconductivity with intra- and interband pairing for synthetic superlattices
We consider a model for superconductivity in a two-band superconductor,
having an anisotropic electronic structure made of two partially overlapping
bands with a first hole-like and a second electron-like fermi surface. In this
pairing scenario, driven by the interplay between interband and
intraband pairing terms, we have solved the two gap equations at the
critical temperature and calculate and the chemical potential
as a function of the number of carriers for various values of pairing
interactions, , , and . The results show the
complexity of the physics of condensates with multiple order parameters with
the chemical potential near band edges.Comment: 6 pages, 2 figure
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