4,219 research outputs found
World Rabies Day - a decade of raising awareness
World Rabies Day was set up in 2007 to raise global awareness about rabies, to provide information on how to prevent the disease in at-risk communities and support advocacy for increased efforts in rabies control. It is held annually on September 28th, with events, media outreach and other initiatives carried out by individuals, professionals, organisations and governments from the local to the international level. The Global Alliance for Rabies Control coordinates World Rabies Day, amplifying the campaign's reach through the provision of a central event platform and resources to support events across the world, the promotion of messages through key rabies stakeholders, and the implementation of specific activities to highlight particular issues. Over the last decade, more than 1,700 registered events have been held across the world and shared with others in the global rabies community. Events in canine rabies endemic countries, particularly in Africa and Asia, have increased over time. Beyond the individual events, World Rabies Day has gained the support of governments and international agencies that recognise its value in supporting existing rabies control initiatives and advocating for improvements. As the rabies landscape has changed, World Rabies Day remains a general day of awareness but has also become an integral part of national, regional and global rabies elimination strategies. The global adoption of 2030 as the goal for the elimination of rabies as a public health threat has led to even greater opportunities for World Rabies Day to make a sustainable impact on rabies, by bringing the attention of policy makers and donors to the ongoing situation and elimination efforts in rabies-endemic countries
Measurement of the Width Difference of B_d Mesons
We estimate \Delta Gamma_d/\Gamma_d, including 1/m_b contributions and part
of the next-to-leading order QCD corrections, and find it to be around 0.3%. We
show the methods to measure \Delta Gamma_d/\Gamma_d by using at least two
different final states on the untagged B_d decay. The nonzero width difference
can also be used to identify new physics effects and to resolve a twofold
discrete ambiguity in the B_d-\bar{B}_d mixing phase. With the high statistics
and accurate time resolution of the upcoming LHC experiment, the measurement of
\Delta Gamma_d seems to be possible. This measurement would be important for an
accurate measurement of \sin2\phi_1 at the LHC. We also derive an upper bound
on the value of \Delta Gamma_d/\Gamma_d in the presence of new physics.Comment: 3 pages, LaTeX, Presented at the 5th KEK Topical Conference(KEKTC5
Nonleptonic two-body charmless B decays involving a tensor meson in ISGW2 model
Nonleptonic charmless B decays into a pseudoscalar (P) or a vector (V) meson
accompanying a tensor (T) meson are re-analyzed. We scrutinize the hadronic
uncertainties and ambiguities of the form factors which appear in the
literature. The Isgur-Scora-Grinstein-Wise updated model (ISGW2) is adopted to
evaluate the relevant hadronic matrix elements. We calculate the branching
ratios and CP asymmetries for various decay processes. With the
ISGW2 model, the branching ratios are enhanced by about an order of magnitude
compared to the previous estimates. We show that the ratios \calB(B\to
VT)/\calB(B\to PT) for some strangeness-changing processes are very sensitive
to the CKM angle ().Comment: 23 pages, REVTEX; minor clarifications included; to appear in Phys.
Rev.
Developing an Intervention Toolbox for the Common Health Problems in the Workplace
Development of the Health ↔ Work Toolbox is described. The toolbox aims to reduce the workplace impact of common health problems (musculoskeletal, mental health, and stress complaints) by focusing on tackling work-relevant symptoms. Based on biopsychosocial principles this toolbox supplements current approaches by occupying the zone between primary prevention and healthcare. It provides a set of evidence-informed principles and processes (knowledge + tools) for tackling work-relevant common health problems. The toolbox comprises a proactive element aimed at empowering line managers to create good jobs, and a ‘just in time’ responsive element for supporting individuals struggling with a work-relevant health problem. The key intention is helping people with common health problems to maintain work participation. The extensive conceptual and practical development process, including a comprehensive evidence review, produced a functional prototype toolbox that is evidence based and flexible in its use. End-user feedback was mostly positive. Moving the prototype to a fully-fledged internet resource requires specialist design expertise. The Health ↔ Work Toolbox appears to have potential to contribute to the goal of augmenting existing primary prevention strategies and healthcare delivery by providing a more comprehensive workplace approach to constraining sickness absence
Colossal magnetooptical conductivity in doped manganites
We show that the current carrier density collapse in doped manganites, which
results from bipolaron formation in the paramagnetic phase, leads to a colossal
change of the optical conductivity in an external magnetic field at
temperatures close to the ferromagnetic transition. As with the colossal
magnetoresistance (CMR) itself, the corresponding magnetooptical effect is
explained by the dissociation of localized bipolarons into mobile polarons
owing to the exchange interaction with the localized Mn spins in the
ferromagnetic phase. The effect is positive at low frequencies and negative in
the high-frequency region. The present results agree with available
experimental observations.Comment: 4 pages, REVTeX 3.0, two eps-figures included in the tex
Note on the Massive Rarita-Schwinger Field in the AdS/CFT correspondence
We consider a massive Rarita-Schwinger field on the Anti-de Sitter space and
solve the corresponding equations of motion. We show that appropriate boundary
terms calculated on-shell give two-point correlation functions for spin-3/2
fields of the conformal field theory on the boundary. The relation between
Rarita-Schwinger field masses and conformal dimensions of corresponding
operators is established.Comment: LaTeX, 10 page
Measurement of the Lifetime Difference of Mesons: Possible and Worthwhile?
We estimate the decay width difference in the
system including contributions and next-to-leading order QCD
corrections, and find it to be around 0.3%. We explicitly show that the time
measurements of an untagged decaying to a single final state
isotropically can only be sensitive to quadratic terms in , and hence the use of at least two different final states is desired.
We discuss such pairs of candidate decay channels for the final states and
explore the feasibility of a measurement through
them. The measurement of this width difference is essential for an accurate
measurement of at the LHC. The nonzero width difference may also
be used to identify new physics effects and to resolve a twofold discrete
ambiguity in the - mixing phase. We also derive an upper bound
on the value of in the presence of new physics, and
point out some differences in the phenomenology of width differences in the
and systems.Comment: latex, 31 pages, revised versio
Conductivity sum rule, implication for in-plane dynamics and c-axis response
Recently observed -axis optical sum rule violations indicate non-Fermi
liquid in-plane behavior. For coherent -axis coupling, the observed flat,
nearly frequency independent -axis conductivity implies
a large in-plane scattering rate around and therefore any
pseudogap that might form at low frequency in the normal state will be smeared.
On the other hand incoherent -axis coupling places no restriction on the
value of and gives a more consistent picture of the observed sum rule
violation which, we find in some cases, can be less than half.Comment: 3 figures. To appear in PR
Angular dependence of novel magnetic quantum oscillations in a quasi-two-dimensional multiband Fermi liquid with impurities
The semiclassical Lifshitz-Kosevich-type description is given for the angular
dependence of quantum oscillations with combination frequencies in a multiband
quasi-two-dimensional Fermi liquid with a constant number of electrons. The
analytical expressions are found for the Dingle, thermal, spin, and amplitude
(Yamaji) reduction factors of the novel combination harmonics, where the latter
two strongly oscillate with the direction of the field. At the "magic" angles
those factors reduce to the purely two-dimensional expressions given earlier.
The combination harmonics are suppressed in the presence of the non-quantized
("background") states, and they decay exponentially faster with temperature
and/or disorder compared to the standard harmonics, providing an additional
tool for electronic structure determination. The theory is applied to
SrRuO.Comment: 5 pages, 2 figures, minor typos correcte
Efficacy and tolerability of the Galanin Analog NAX 5055 in the multiple-hit rat model of symptomatic infantile spasms
Infantile spasms are seizures manifesting in infantile epileptic encephalopathies that are associated with poor epilepsy and cognitive outcomes. The current therapies are not always effective or are associated with serious side effects. Early cessation of spasms has been proposed to improve long-term outcomes. To identify new therapies for infantile spasms with rapid suppression of spasms, we are using the multiple-hit rat model of infantile spasms, which is a model of refractory infantile spasms. Here, we are testing the efficacy and tolerability of a single dose of the galanin receptor 1 preferring analog, NAX 5055, in the multiple-hit model of spasms. To induce the model, postnatal day 3 (PN3) male Sprague-Dawley rats underwent right intracerebral infusions of doxorubicin and lipopolysaccharide; p-chlorophenylalanine was then injected intraperitoneally (i.p.) at PN5. After the onset of spasms at PN4, 11-14 rats/group were injected i.p. with either NAX 5055 (0.5, 1, 2, or 4mg/kg) or vehicle. Video monitoring for spasms included a 1h pre-injection period, followed by 5h of recording post-injection, and two 2h sessions on PN5. The study was conducted in a randomized, blinded manner. Neurodevelopmental reflexes were assessed daily as well as at 2h after injection. Respiratory function, heart rate, pulse distension, oximetry and blood glucose were measured 4h after injection. The relative expression of GalR1 and GalR2 mRNA over β-actin in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus was determined with real time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. There was no acute effect of NAX 5055 on spasm frequency after the single dose of NAX 5055 (n=11-13 rats/group, following exclusions). Neurodevelopmental reflexes, vital signs, blood glucose measured 4h post-injection, and survival were not affected. A reduction in pulse and breath distention of unclear clinical significance was observed with the 7mg/kg NAX 5055 dose. GalR1 mRNA was present in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus of PN4 and adult rats. The hippocampal - but not the cortical - GalR1 mRNA expression was significantly lower in PN4 pups than in adults. GalR1 mRNA was also at least 20 times less abundant in the PN4 cortex than GalR2 mRNA. In conclusion, a single dose of NAX 5055 has no acute efficacy on spasms or toxicity in the multiple hit rat model of medically refractory infantile spasms. Our findings cannot exclude the possibility that repetitive NAX 5055 administration may show efficacy on spasms. The higher expression of GalR2 in the PN4 cortex suggests that GalR2-preferring analogs may be of interest to test for efficacy on spasms
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