On the teaching of the aerodynamic heating problem

The problem of aerodynamic heating, along with some other topics, are lacking in most, if not all, heat transfer textbooks that are used for undergraduate and graduate education. There are many issues in the aerodynamic heating problem that are indeed very important from a convective heat transfer point of view. Although this topic is very important in any low or high speed application, the lack of analytical solutions in heat transfer, compressible flow and/or hypersonic flow textbooks has prompted this study. In practice, poor design and manufacture have led to undesired results, such as space shuttle disasters. Since, over the years, analysis has given way to numerical studies, the instructors do not take the necessary time to go through details. Thus the students just use the results without any awareness of how to get them and the inherent limitations of the analytical solution. The only intent of this paper, therefore, is to present the detailed analytical study that is shown step by step that could be used by heat transfer instructors in their courses and by students in their studies

The Psychological Science Accelerator’s COVID-19 rapid-response dataset

In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, the Psychological Science Accelerator coordinated three large-scale psychological studies to examine the effects of loss-gain framing, cognitive reappraisals, and autonomy framing manipulations on behavioral intentions and affective measures. The data collected (April to October 2020) included specific measures for each experimental study, a general questionnaire examining health prevention behaviors and COVID-19 experience, geographical and cultural context characterization, and demographic information for each participant. Each participant started the study with the same general questions and then was randomized to complete either one longer experiment or two shorter experiments. Data were provided by 73,223 participants with varying completion rates. Participants completed the survey from 111 geopolitical regions in 44 unique languages/dialects. The anonymized dataset described here is provided in both raw and processed formats to facilitate re-use and further analyses. The dataset offers secondary analytic opportunities to explore coping, framing, and self-determination across a diverse, global sample obtained at the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, which can be merged with other time-sampled or geographic data

The Psychological Science Accelerator’s COVID-19 rapid-response dataset

In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, the Psychological Science Accelerator coordinated three large-scale psychological studies to examine the effects of loss-gain framing, cognitive reappraisals, and autonomy framing manipulations on behavioral intentions and affective measures. The data collected (April to October 2020) included specific measures for each experimental study, a general questionnaire examining health prevention behaviors and COVID-19 experience, geographical and cultural context characterization, and demographic information for each participant. Each participant started the study with the same general questions and then was randomized to complete either one longer experiment or two shorter experiments. Data were provided by 73,223 participants with varying completion rates. Participants completed the survey from 111 geopolitical regions in 44 unique languages/dialects. The anonymized dataset described here is provided in both raw and processed formats to facilitate re-use and further analyses. The dataset offers secondary analytic opportunities to explore coping, framing, and self-determination across a diverse, global sample obtained at the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, which can be merged with other time-sampled or geographic data

Missense single nucleotide polymorphism of the ADAM12 gene is associated with radiographic knee osteoarthritis in middle-aged Estonian cohort

SummaryObjectiveOne of the recognized candidate genes of osteoarthritis (OA) is the ADAM metallopeptidase domain 12 (meltrin alpha) gene. We investigated the potential role of two single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) of the ADAM12 gene in susceptibility to radiographic knee OA and its progression in an Estonian cohort.MethodsThe rs3740199 and rs1871054 polymorphisms were genotyped according to restriction fragment polymorphism in a population-based cohort consisting of 189 subjects selected from the age group 32–55 years. The radiological features of OA were measured in the tibio- and patellofemoral joints (PFJ). The X-ray investigation was repeated 3 years later for estimation of OA progression.ResultsWe found statistically significant association between rs3740199 polymorphism and patellofemoral OA in male patients (P=0.014), genetic risk was mostly related to CC homozygosity. The same SNP also affected the presence of advanced grade (II+III) osteophytes in the whole group (P=0.042) and the occurrence of osteophytes on the patellar margins in the PFJ (P=0.046). In OA progression the most significant association was found between joint space narrowing of the tibiofemoral joint and rs3740199 SNP in women (P=0.018). The rs1871054 polymorphism was not related to OA susceptibility or to progression traits. In our study the haplotype GC (rs3740199/rs1871054) was associated with reduced risk for development of osteophytes in the PFJ (P=0.041).ConclusionsWe conclude that rs3740199 polymorphism may affect occurrence of knee OA and its progression. We also hypothesize that the genetic contribution of ADAM12 to OA is remarkably gender-dependent and anatomical site-specific