34 research outputs found
Plasma Magnetosphere Formation Around Oscillating Magnetized Neutron Stars
The notion of death line of rotating pulsars is applied to model of
oscillating neutron stars. It is shown that the magnetosphere of typical
non-rotating oscillating stars may not contain secondary plasma to support the
generation of radio emission in the region of open field lines of plasma
magnetosphere.Comment: Accepted for publication in Astrophysics & Space Scienc
Efficacy and Safety of Netakimab, A Novel Anti-IL-17 Monoclonal Antibody, in Patients with Moderate to Severe Plaque Psoriasis. Results of A 54-Week Randomized Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled PLANETA Clinical Trial
Altres ajuts: Sponsorship for this study and the Rapid Service Fee were funded by JSC BIOCAD, Ul. Italianskaya 17, St Petersburg, Russia, 191186Introduction: Netakimab (NTK), an original humanized anti-interleukin-17 monoclonal antibody, showed therapeutic efficacy in moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis in a phase 2 clinical study. Herein we report the results of 54 weeks of a phase 3 PLANETA trial aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of two NTK regimens vs. placebo. Methods: Two hundred thirteen patients with moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis were randomly assigned to receive NTK 120 mg once every 2 weeks (NTK Q2W), NTK 120 mg once every 4 weeks (NTK Q4W) or placebo. During the first 3 weeks, patients received subcutaneous injections of NTK or placebo (according to the allocation) once a week. Patients in the NTK Q2W group then received NTK at weeks 4, 6, 8 and 10. Subjects in the NTK Q4W group received NTK at weeks 6 and 10 and placebo at weeks 4 and 8. Patients in the placebo group received placebo injections at weeks 4, 6, 8 and 10. Treatment was unblinded at week 12. During the open-label phase, patients in both NTK groups continued to receive NTK Q4W. The primary efficacy endpoint was the proportion of patients in each group who achieved a ≥ 75% reduction from baseline in psoriasis area and severity index (PASI 75) at week 12. Results: A total of 77.7%, 83.3% and 0% of patients had a PASI 75 response at week 12 in the NTK Q2W, NTK Q4W and placebo groups, respectively (P < 0.0001, Fisher's exact test, ITT). The effect was maintained throughout the 1-year treatment. NTK showed a good safety profile and low immunogenicity. Conclusion: Treatment with NTK results in high rates of sustained clinical response in patients with moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis. The study is ongoing; thus, long-term use efficacy and safety data are forthcoming. Clinical Trial Registration: The trial is registered at the US National Institutes of Health (ClinicalTrials.gov; NCT03390101)
Naturalized alien flora of the world: species diversity, taxonomic and phylogenetic patterns, geographic distribution and global hotspots of plant invasion
Using the recently built Global Naturalized Alien Flora (GloNAF) database, containing data on the distribution of naturalized alien plants in 483 mainland and 361 island regions of the world, we describe patterns in diversity and geographic distribution of naturalized and invasive plant species, taxonomic, phylogenetic and life-history structure of the global naturalized flora as well as levels of naturalization and their determinants. The mainland regions with the highest numbers of naturalized aliens are some Australian states (with New South Wales being the richest on this continent) and several North American regions (of which California with 1753 naturalized plant species represents the world's richest region in terms of naturalized alien vascular plants). England, Japan, New Zealand and the Hawaiian archipelago harbour most naturalized plants among islands or island groups. These regions also form the main hotspots of the regional levels of naturalization, measured as the percentage of naturalized aliens in the total flora of the region. Such hotspots of relative naturalized species richness appear on both the western and eastern coasts of North America, in north-western Europe, South Africa, south-eastern Australia, New Zealand, and India. High levels of island invasions by naturalized plants are concentrated in the Pacific, but also occur on individual islands across all oceans. The numbers of naturalized species are closely correlated with those of native species, with a stronger correlation and steeper increase for islands than mainland regions, indicating a greater vulnerability of islands to invasion by species that become successfully naturalized. South Africa, India, California, Cuba, Florida, Queensland and Japan have the highest numbers of invasive species. Regions in temperate and tropical zonobiomes harbour in total 9036 and 6774 naturalized species, respectively, followed by 3280 species naturalized in the Mediterranean zonobiome, 3057 in the subtropical zonobiome and 321 in the Arctic. The New World is richer in naturalized alien plants, with 9905 species compared to 7923 recorded in the Old World. While isolation is the key factor driving the level of naturalization on islands, zonobiomes differing in climatic regimes, and socioeconomy represented by per capita GDP, are central for mainland regions. The 11 most widely distributed species each occur in regions covering about one third of the globe or more in terms of the number of regions where they are naturalized and at least 35% of the Earth's land surface in terms of those regions' areas, with the most widely distributed species Sonchus oleraceus occuring in 48% of the regions that cover 42% of the world area. Other widely distributed species are Ricinus communis, Oxalis corniculata, Portulaca oleracea, Eleusine indica, Chenopodium album, Capsella bursa-pastoris, Stellaria media, Bidens pilosa, Datura stramonium and Echinochloa crus-galli. Using the occurrence as invasive rather than only naturalized yields a different ranking, with Lantana camara (120 regions out of 349 for which data on invasive status are known), Calotropis procera (118), Eichhornia crassipes (113), Sonchus oleraceus (108) and Leucaena leucocephala (103) on top. As to the life-history spectra, islands harbour more naturalized woody species (34.4%) than mainland regions (29.5%), and fewer annual herbs (18.7% compared to 22.3%). Ranking families by their absolute numbers of naturalized species reveals that Compositae (1343 species), Poaceae (1267) and Leguminosae (1189) contribute most to the global naturalized alien flora. Some families are disproportionally represented by naturalized aliens on islands (Arecaceae, Araceae, Acanthaceae, Amaryllidaceae, Asparagaceae, Convolvulaceae, Rubiaceae, Malvaceae), and much fewer so on mainland (e.g. Brassicaceae, Caryophyllaceae, Boraginaceae). Relating the numbers of naturalized species in a family to its total global richness shows that some of the large species-rich families are over-represented among naturalized aliens (e.g. Poaceae, Leguminosae, Rosaceae, Amaranthaceae, Pinaceae), some under-represented (e.g. Euphorbiaceae, Rubiaceae), whereas the one richest in naturalized species, Compositae, reaches a value expected from its global species richness. Significant phylogenetic signal indicates that families with an increased potential of their species to naturalize are not distributed randomly on the evolutionary tree. Solanum (112 species), Euphorbia (108) and Carex (106) are the genera richest in terms of naturalized species; over-represented on islands are Cotoneaster, Juncus, Eucalyptus, Salix, Hypericum, Geranium and Persicaria, while those relatively richer in naturalized species on the mainland are Atriplex, Opuntia, Oenothera, Artemisia, Vicia, Galium and Rosa. The data presented in this paper also point to where information is lacking and set priorities for future data collection. The GloNAF database has potential for designing concerted action to fill such data gaps, and provide a basis for allocating resources most efficiently towards better understanding and management of plant invasions worldwide
The type II-plateau supernova 2017eaw in NGC 6946 and its red supergiant progenitor
We present extensive optical photometric and spectroscopic observations, from 4 to 482 days after explosion, of the Type II-plateau (II-P) supernova (SN) 2017eaw in NGC 6946. SN 2017eaw is a normal SN II-P intermediate in properties between, for example, SN 1999em and SN 2012aw and the more luminous SN 2004et, also in NGC 6946. We have determined that the extinction to SN 2017eaw is primarily due to the Galactic foreground and that the SN site metallicity is likely subsolar. We have also independently confirmed a tip-of-the-red-giant-branch (TRGB) distance to NGC 6946 of 7.73 ± 0.78 Mpc. The distances to the SN that we have also estimated via both the standardized candle method and expanding photosphere method corroborate the TRGB distance. We confirm the SN progenitor identity in pre-explosion archival Hubble Space Telescope (HST) and Spitzer Space Telescope images, via imaging of the SN through our HST Target of Opportunity program. Detailed modeling of the progenitor's spectral energy distribution indicates that the star was a dusty, luminous red supergiant consistent with an initial mass of ~15 M ⊙
Fungal Planet description sheets: 1284–1382
Novel species of fungi described in this study include those from various countries as follows: Antartica, Cladosporium austrolitorale from coastal sea sand. Australia, Austroboletus yourkae on soil, Crepidotus innuopurpureus on dead wood, Curvularia stenotaphri from roots and leaves of Stenotaphrum secundatum and Thecaphora stajsicii from capsules of Oxalis radicosa. Belgium, Paraxerochrysium coryli (incl. Paraxerochrysium gen. nov.) from Corylus avellana. Brazil, Calvatia nordestina on soil, Didymella tabebuiicola from leaf spots on Tabebuia aurea, Fusarium subflagellisporum from hypertrophied floral and vegetative branches of Mangifera indica and Microdochium maculosum from living leaves of Digitaria insularis. Canada, Cuphophyllus bondii fromagrassland. Croatia, Mollisia inferiseptata from a rotten Laurus nobilis trunk. Cyprus, Amanita exilis oncalcareoussoil. Czech Republic, Cytospora hippophaicola from wood of symptomatic Vaccinium corymbosum. Denmark, Lasiosphaeria deviata on pieces of wood and herbaceousdebris. Dominican Republic, Calocybella goethei among grass on a lawn. France (Corsica) , Inocybe corsica onwetground. France (French Guiana) , Trechispora patawaensis on decayed branch of unknown angiosperm tree and Trechispora subregularis on decayed log of unknown angiosperm tree. Germany, Paramicrothecium sambuci (incl. Paramicrothecium gen. nov.)ondeadstemsof Sambucus nigra. India, Aureobasidium microtermitis from the gut of a Microtermes sp. termite, Laccaria diospyricola on soil and Phylloporia tamilnadensis on branches of Catunaregam spinosa. Iran, Pythium serotinoosporum from soil under Prunus dulcis. Italy, Pluteus brunneovenosus on twigs of broad leaved trees on the ground. Japan, Heterophoma rehmanniae on leaves of Rehmannia glutinosa f. hueichingensis. Kazakhstan, Murispora kazachstanica from healthy roots of Triticum aestivum. Namibia, Caespitomonium euphorbiae (incl. Caespitomonium gen. nov.)from stems of an Euphorbia sp. Netherlands, Alfaria junci, Myrmecridium junci, Myrmecridium juncicola, Myrmecridium juncigenum, Ophioceras junci, Paradinemasporium junci (incl. Paradinemasporium gen. nov.), Phialoseptomonium junci, Sporidesmiella juncicola, Xenopyricularia junci and Zaanenomyces quadripartis (incl. Zaanenomyces gen. nov.), fromdeadculmsof Juncus effusus, Cylindromonium everniae and Rhodoveronaea everniae from Evernia prunastri, Cyphellophora sambuci and Myrmecridium sambuci from Sambucus nigra, Kiflimonium junci, Saro cladium junci, Zaanenomyces moderatricis academiae and Zaanenomyces versatilis from dead culms of Juncus inflexus, Microcera physciae from Physcia tenella, Myrmecridium dactylidis from dead culms of Dactylis glomerata, Neochalara spiraeae and Sporidesmium spiraeae from leaves of Spiraea japonica, Neofabraea salicina from Salix sp., Paradissoconium narthecii (incl. Paradissoconium gen. nov.)from dead leaves of Narthecium ossifragum, Polyscytalum vaccinii from Vaccinium myrtillus, Pseudosoloacrosporiella cryptomeriae (incl. Pseudosoloacrosporiella gen. nov.)fromleavesof Cryptomeria japonica, Ramularia pararhabdospora from Plantago lanceolata, Sporidesmiella pini from needles of Pinus sylvestris and Xenoacrodontium juglandis (incl. Xenoacrodontium gen. nov. and Xenoacrodontiaceae fam. nov.)from Juglans regia. New Zealand, Cryptometrion metrosideri from twigs of Metrosideros sp., Coccomyces pycnophyllocladi from dead leaves of Phyllocladus alpinus, Hypoderma aliforme from fallen leaves Fuscopora solandri and Hypoderma subiculatum from dead leaves Phormium tenax. Norway, Neodevriesia kalakoutskii from permafrost and Variabilispora viridis from driftwood of Picea abies. Portugal, Entomortierella hereditatis from abio film covering adeteriorated limestone wall. Russia, Colpoma junipericola from needles of Juniperus sabina, Entoloma cinnamomeum on soil in grasslands, Entoloma verae on soil in grasslands, Hyphodermella pallidostraminea on a dry dead branch of Actinidia sp., Lepiota sayanensis onlitterinamixedforest, Papiliotrema horticola from Malus communis , Paramacroventuria ribis (incl. Paramacroventuria gen. nov.)fromleaves of Ribes aureum and Paramyrothecium lathyri from leaves of Lathyrus tuberosus. South Africa, Harzia combreti from leaf litter of Combretum collinum ssp. sulvense, Penicillium xyleborini from Xyleborinus saxesenii , Phaeoisaria dalbergiae from bark of Dalbergia armata, Protocreopsis euphorbiae from leaf litter of Euphorbia ingens and Roigiella syzygii from twigs of Syzygium chordatum. Spain, Genea zamorana on sandy soil, Gymnopus nigrescens on Scleropodium touretii, Hesperomyces parexochomi on Parexochomus quadriplagiatus, Paraphoma variabilis from dung, Phaeococcomyces kinklidomatophilus from a blackened metal railing of an industrial warehouse and Tuber suaveolens in soil under Quercus faginea. Svalbard and Jan Mayen, Inocybe nivea associated with Salix polaris. Thailand, Biscogniauxia whalleyi oncorticatedwood. UK, Parasitella quercicola from Quercus robur. USA , Aspergillus arizonicus from indoor air in a hospital, Caeliomyces tampanus (incl. Caeliomyces gen. nov.)fromoffice dust, Cippumomyces mortalis (incl. Cippumomyces gen. nov.)fromatombstone, Cylindrium desperesense from air in a store, Tetracoccosporium pseudoaerium from air sample in house, Toxicocladosporium glendoranum from air in a brick room, Toxicocladosporium losalamitosense from air in a classroom, Valsonectria portsmouthensis from airinmen'slockerroomand Varicosporellopsis americana from sludge in a water reservoir. Vietnam, Entoloma kovalenkoi on rotten wood, Fusarium chuoi inside seed of Musa itinerans , Micropsalliota albofelina on soil in tropical evergreen mixed forest sand Phytophthora docyniae from soil and roots of Docynia indica. Morphological and culture characteristics are supported by DNA barcodes
An Amperometric Biosensor Based on Laccase Immobilized in Polymer Matrices for Determining Phenolic Compounds
Multiwavelength variability of BL Lacertae measured with high time resolution
In an effort to locate the sites of emission at different frequencies and physical processes causing variability in blazar jets, we have obtained high time-resolution observations of BL Lacertae over a wide wavelength range: with the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) at 6000–10000 Å with 2 minute cadence; with the Neil Gehrels Swift satellite at optical, UV, and X-ray bands; with the Nuclear Spectroscopic Telescope Array at hard X-ray bands; with the Fermi Large Area Telescope at γ-ray energies; and with the Whole Earth Blazar Telescope for measurement of the optical flux density and polarization. All light curves are correlated, with similar structure on timescales from hours to days. The shortest timescale of variability at optical frequencies observed with TESS is ~0.5 hr. The most common timescale is 13 ± 1 hr, comparable with the minimum timescale of X-ray variability, 14.5 hr. The multiwavelength variability properties cannot be explained by a change solely in the Doppler factor of the emitting plasma. The polarization behavior implies that there are both ordered and turbulent components to the magnetic field in the jet. Correlation analysis indicates that the X-ray variations lag behind the γ-ray and optical light curves by up to ~0.4 day. The timescales of variability, cross-frequency lags, and polarization properties can be explained by turbulent plasma that is energized by a shock in the jet and subsequently loses energy to synchrotron and inverse Compton radiation in a magnetic field of strength ~3 G.Accepted manuscrip
Fungal Planet description sheets : 320–370
Novel species of fungi described in the present study include the following from Malaysia: Castanediella
eucalypti from Eucalyptus pellita, Codinaea acacia from Acacia mangium, Emarcea eucalyptigena from Eucalyptus
brassiana, Myrtapenidiella eucalyptorum from Eucalyptus pellita, Pilidiella eucalyptigena from Eucalyptus brassiana
and Strelitziana malaysiana from Acacia mangium. Furthermore, Stachybotrys sansevieriicola is described from
Sansevieria ehrenbergii (Tanzania), Phacidium grevilleae from Grevillea robusta (Uganda), Graphium jumulu from
Adansonia gregorii and Ophiostoma eucalyptigena from Eucalyptus marginata (Australia), Pleurophoma ossicola from
bone and Plectosphaerella populi from Populus nigra (Germany), Colletotrichum neosansevieriae from Sansevieria
trifasciata, Elsinoë othonnae from Othonna quinquedentata and Zeloasperisporium cliviae (Zeloasperisporiaceae
fam. nov.) from Clivia sp. (South Africa), Neodevriesia pakbiae, Phaeophleospora hymenocallidis and Phaeophleospora
hymenocallidicola on leaves of a fern (Thailand), Melanconium elaeidicola from Elaeis guineensis (Indonesia),
Hormonema viticola from Vitis vinifera (Canary Islands), Chlorophyllum pseudoglobossum from a grassland (India),
Triadelphia disseminata from an immunocompromised patient (Saudi Arabia), Colletotrichum abscissum from Citrus
(Brazil), Polyschema sclerotigenum and Phialemonium limoniforme from human patients (USA), Cadophora vitícola
from Vitis vinifera (Spain), Entoloma flavovelutinum and Bolbitius aurantiorugosus from soil (Vietnam), Rhizopogon
granuloflavus from soil (Cape Verde Islands), Tulasnella eremophila from Euphorbia officinarum subsp. echinus
(Morocco), Verrucostoma martinicensis from Danaea elliptica (French West Indies), Metschnikowia colchici from
Colchicum autumnale (Bulgaria), Thelebolus microcarpus from soil (Argentina) and Ceratocystis adelpha from
Theobroma cacao (Ecuador). Myrmecridium iridis (Myrmecridiales ord. nov., Myrmecridiaceae fam. nov.) is also
described from Iris sp. (The Netherlands). Novel genera include (Ascomycetes): Budhanggurabania from Cynodon
dactylon (Australia), Soloacrosporiella, Xenocamarosporium, Neostrelitziana and Castanediella from Acacia mangium
and Sabahriopsis from Eucalyptus brassiana (Malaysia), Readerielliopsis from basidiomata of Fuscoporia wahlbergii
(French Guyana), Neoplatysporoides from Aloe ferox (Tanzania), Wojnowiciella, Chrysofolia and Neoeriomycopsis
from Eucalyptus (Colombia), Neophaeomoniella from Eucalyptus globulus (USA), Pseudophaeomoniella from Olea
europaea (Italy), Paraphaeomoniella from Encephalartos altensteinii, Aequabiliella, Celerioriella and Minutiella from
Prunus (South Africa). Tephrocybella (Basidiomycetes) represents a novel genus from wood (Italy). Morphological
and culture characteristics along with ITS DNA barcodes are provided for all taxa.Alina V. Alexandrova was supported by the Russian Science
Foundation (project N 14-50-00029). Ekaterina F. Malysheva, Olga V.
Morozova,
Alexander E. Kovalenko and Eugene S. Popov acknowledge
financial support from the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (project
13-04-00838a and 15-04-04645a). Margarita Dueñas, María P. Martín and
M. Teresa Telleria acknowledge financial support from the Plan Nacional I+D+I
projects No. CGL2009-07231 and CGL2012-3559. Cony Decock gratefully acknowledges the financial support received from
the FNRS / FRFC (convention FRFC 2.4544.10), the CNRS-French Guiana
and the Nouragues staff, which enabled fieldwork in French Guiana, and the
Belgian State – Belgian Federal Science Policy through the BCCMTM research
programme.http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/nhn/pimjam201
Fungal Planet description sheets: 1284-1382
Novel species of fungi described in this study include those from various countries as follows: Antartica, Cladosporium austrolitorale from coastal sea sand. Australia, Austroboletus yourkae on soil, Crepidotus innuopurpureus on dead wood, Curvularia stenotaphri from roots and leaves of Stenotaphrum secundatum and Thecaphora stajsicii from capsules of Oxalis radicosa. Belgium, Paraxerochrysium coryli (incl. Paraxerochrysium gen. nov.) from Corylus avellana. Brazil, Calvatia nordestina on soil, Didymella tabebuiicola from leaf spots on Tabebuia aurea, Fusarium subflagellisporum from hypertrophied floral and vegetative branches of Mangifera indica and Microdochium maculosum from living leaves of Digitaria insularis. Canada, Cuphophyllus bondii fromagrassland. Croatia, Mollisia inferiseptata from a rotten Laurus nobilis trunk. Cyprus, Amanita exilis oncalcareoussoil. Czech Republic, Cytospora hippophaicola from wood of symptomatic Vaccinium corymbosum. Denmark, Lasiosphaeria deviata on pieces of wood and herbaceousdebris. Dominican Republic, Calocybella goethei among grass on a lawn. France (Corsica) , Inocybe corsica onwetground. France (French Guiana) , Trechispora patawaensis on decayed branch of unknown angiosperm tree and Trechispora subregularis on decayed log of unknown angiosperm tree. [...]P.R. Johnston thanks J. Sullivan (Lincoln University)
for the habitat image of Kowai Bush, Duckchul Park (Manaaki Whenua –
Landcare Research) for the DNA sequencing, and the New Zealand Department
of Conservation for permission to collect the specimens; this research
was supported through the Manaaki Whenua – Landcare Research Biota
Portfolio with funding from the Science and Innovation Group of the New
Zealand Ministry of Business, Innovation and Employment. V. Hubka was
supported by the Czech Ministry of Health (grant number NU21-05-00681),
and is grateful for the support from the Japan Society for the Promotion of
Science – grant-in-aid for JSPS research fellow (grant no. 20F20772).
K. Glässnerová was supported by the Charles University Grant Agency (grant
No. GAUK 140520). J. Trovão and colleagues were financed by FEDERFundo
Europeu de Desenvolvimento Regional funds through the COMPETE
2020 – Operational Programme for Competitiveness and Internationalisation
(POCI), and by Portuguese funds through FCT – Fundação para a Ciência
e a Tecnologia in the framework of the project POCI-01-0145-FEDER-PTDC/
EPH-PAT/3345/2014. This work was carried out at the R&D Unit Centre for
Functional Ecology – Science for People and the Planet (CFE), with reference
UIDB/04004/2020, financed by FCT/MCTES through national funds
(PIDDAC). J. Trovão was also supported by POCH – Programa Operacional
Capital Humano (co-funding by the European Social Fund and national
funding by MCTES), through a ‘FCT – Fundação para a Ciência e
Tecnologia’ PhD research grant (SFRH/BD/132523/2017). D. Haelewaters
acknowledges support from the Research Foundation – Flanders (Junior
Postdoctoral Fellowship 1206620N). M. Loizides and colleagues are grateful
to Y. Cherniavsky for contributing collections AB A12-058-1 and AB A12-
058-2, and Á. Kovács and B. Kiss for their help with molecular studies of
these specimens. C. Zmuda is thanked for assisting with the collection of
ladybird specimens infected with Hesperomyces parexochomi. A.V. Kachalkin
and colleagues were supported by the Russian Science Foundation
(grant No. 19-74-10002). The study of A.M. Glushakova was carried out as
part of the Scientific Project of the State Order of the Government of Russian
Federation to Lomonosov Moscow State University No. 121040800174-6.
S. Nanu acknowledges the Kerala State Council for Science, Technology
and Environment (KSCSTE) for granting a research fellowship and is grateful
to the Chief Conservator of Forests and Wildlife for giving permission to
collect fungal samples. A. Bañares and colleagues thank L. Monje and
A. Pueblas of the Department of Drawing and Scientific Photography at the
University of Alcalá for their help in the digital preparation of the photographs,
and J. Rejos, curator of the AH herbarium for his assistance with the specimens
examined in the present study. The research of V. Antonín received
institutional support for long-term conceptual development of research institutions
provided by the Ministry of Culture (Moravian Museum, ref.
MK000094862). The studies of E.F. Malysheva, V.F. Malysheva, O.V. Morozova,
and S.V. Volobuev were carried out within the framework of a research
project of the Komarov Botanical Institute RAS, St Petersburg, Russia
(АААА-А18-118022090078-2) using equipment of its Core Facility Centre
‘Cell and Molecular Technologies in Plant Science’.The study of A.V. Alexandrova
was carried out as part of the Scientific Project of the State Order
of the Government of Russian Federation to Lomonosov Moscow State
University No. 121032300081-7. The Kits van Waveren Foundation (Rijksherbariumfonds
Dr E. Kits van Waveren, Leiden, Netherlands) contributed
substantially to the costs of sequencing and travelling expenses for
M.E. Noordeloos. The work of B. Dima was partly supported by the ÚNKP-
20-4 New National Excellence Program of the Ministry for Innovation and
Technology from the source of the National Research, Development and
Innovation Fund. The work of L. Nagy was supported by the ‘Momentum’
program of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences (contract No. LP2019-
13/2019 to L.G.N.). G.A. Kochkina and colleagues acknowledge N. Demidov
for the background photograph, and N. Suzina for the SEM photomicrograph.
The research of C.M. Visagie and W.J. Nel was supported by the National
Research Foundation grant no 118924 and SFH170610239162. C. Gil-Durán
acknowledges Agencia Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo, Ministerio
de Ciencia, Tecnología, Conocimiento e Innovación, Gobierno de Chile, for
grant ANID – Fondecyt de Postdoctorado 2021 – N° 3210135. R. Chávez
and G. Levicán thank DICYT-USACH and acknowledges the grants INACH
RG_03-14 and INACH RT_31-16 from the Chilean Antarctic Institute, respectively.
S. Tiwari and A. Baghela would like to acknowledge R. Avchar
and K. Balasubramanian from the Agharkar Research Institute, Pune, Maharashtra
for helping with the termite collection. S. Tiwari is also thankful to
the University Grants Commission, Delhi (India) for a junior research fellowship
(827/(CSIR-UGC NET DEC.2017)). R. Lebeuf and I. Saar thank D. and
H. Spencer for collecting
and photographing the holotype of C. bondii, and
R. Smith for photographing the habitat. A. Voitk is thanked for helping with
the colour plate and review of the manuscript, and the Foray Newfoundland
and Labrador for providing the paratype material. I. Saar was supported by
the Estonian Research Council (grant PRG1170) and the European Regional
Development Fund (Centre of Excellence EcolChange). M.P.S. Câmara
acknowledges the ‘Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico
e Tecnológico – CNPq’ for the research productivity fellowship, and financial
support (Universal number 408724/2018-8). W.A.S. Vieira acknowledges
the ‘Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento Pessoal de Ensino Superior – CAPES’
and the ‘Programa Nacional de Pós-Doutorado/CAPES – PNPD/CAPES’ for
the postdoctoral fellowship. A.G.G. Amaral acknowledges CNPq, and
A.F. Lima and I.G. Duarte acknowledge CAPES for the doctorate fellowships.
F. Esteve-Raventós and colleagues were financially supported by FEDER/
Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades – Agencia Estatal de Investigación
(Spain)/ Project CGL2017-86540-P. The authors would like to
thank L. Hugot and N. Suberbielle (Conservatoire Botanique National de
Corse, Office de l’Environnement de la Corse, Corti) for their help. The research
of E. Larsson is supported by The Swedish Taxonomy Initiative, SLU
Artdatabanken, Uppsala. Financial support was provided to R.J. Ferreira by
the National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq),
and to I.G. Baseia, P.S.M. Lúcio and M.P. Martín by the National Council for
Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq) under CNPq-Universal
2016 (409960/2016-0) and CNPq-visiting researcher (407474/2013-7).
J. Cabero and colleagues wish to acknowledge A. Rodríguez for his help to
describe Genea zamorana, as well as H. Hernández for sharing information
about the vegetation of the type locality. S. McMullan-Fisher and colleagues
acknowledge K. Syme (assistance with illustrations), J. Kellermann (translations),
M. Barrett (collection, images and sequences), T. Lohmeyer (collection
and images) and N. Karunajeewa (for prompt accessioning). This research
was supported through funding from Australian Biological Resources Study
grant (TTC217-06) to the Royal Botanic Gardens Victoria. The research of
M. Spetik and co-authors was supported by project No. CZ.02.1.01/0.0/0.0
/16_017/0002334. N. Wangsawat and colleagues were partially supported
by NRCT and the Royal Golden Jubilee Ph.D. programme, grant number
PHD/0218/2559. They are thankful to M. Kamsook for the photograph of the
Phu Khiao Wildlife Sanctuary and P. Thamvithayakorn for phylogenetic illustrations.
The study by N.T. Tran and colleagues was funded by Hort Innovation
(Grant TU19000). They also thank the turf growers who supported
their surveys and specimen collection. N. Matočec, I. Kušan, A. Pošta,
Z. Tkalčec and A. Mešić thank the Croatian Science Foundation for their
financial support under the project grant HRZZ-IP-2018-01-1736 (ForFungiDNA).
A. Pošta thanks the Croatian Science Foundation for their support
under the grant HRZZ-2018-09-7081. A. Morte is grateful to Fundación
Séneca – Agencia de Ciencia y Tecnología de la Región de Murcia (20866/
PI/18) for financial support. The research of G. Akhmetova, G.M. Kovács,
B. Dima and D.G. Knapp was supported by the National Research, Development
and Innovation Office, Hungary (NKFIH KH-130401 and K-139026),
the ELTE Thematic Excellence Program 2020 supported by the National
Research, Development and Innovation Office (TKP2020-IKA-05) and the
Stipendium Hungaricum Programme. The support of the János Bolyai Research
Scholarship of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences and the Bolyai+
New National Excellence Program of the Ministry for Innovation and Technology
to D.G. Knapp is highly appreciated. F.E. Guard and colleagues are
grateful to the traditional owners, the Jirrbal and Warungu people, as well
as L. and P. Hales, Reserve Managers, of the Yourka Bush Heritage Reserve.
Their generosity, guidance, and the opportunity to explore the Bush Heritage
Reserve on the Einasleigh Uplands in far north Queensland is greatly appreciated.
The National Science Foundation (USA) provided funds
(DBI#1828479) to the New York Botanical Garden for a scanning electron
microscope used for imaging the spores. V. Papp was supported by the
ÚNKP-21-5 New National Excellence Program of the Ministry for Innovation
and Technology from the National Research, Development and Innovation
Fund of Hungary. A.N. Miller thanks the WM Keck Center at the University
of Illinois Urbana – Champaign for sequencing Lasiosphaeria deviata.
J. Pawłowska acknowledges support form National Science Centre, Poland
(grant Opus 13 no 2017/25/B/NZ8/00473). The research of T.S. Bulgakov
was carried out as part of the State Research Task of the Subtropical Scientific
Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Theme No. 0492-2021-
0007). K. Bensch (Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, Utrecht) is thanked
for correcting the spelling of various Latin epithets.Peer reviewe