Resultados de la reparación quirúrgica Del ligamento deltoideo en las fracturas equivalentes bimaleolares

ObjetivoEl objetivo de este estudio es evaluar los resultados de la reparación quirúrgica del ligamento deltoideo en fracturas equivalente bimaleolares.Material y métodoEntre 2002 y 2009 fueron intervenidos 49 pacientes con fractura del maléolo peroneo y signos clásicos de lesión del ligamento deltoideo; finalmente se recuperaron para la revisión 44 pacientes. Se dividieron en 2 grupos: grupo A con 33 casos, en los que se reparó el ligamento deltoideo, y grupo B con 11 casos, donde el deltoideo fue tratado conservadoramente. Las fracturas fueron clasificadas según Lauge-Hansen y la AO/OTA. Para la valoración clínico-funcional se usó la escala de la American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) para el tobillo. Se registraron las complicaciones y reintervenciones.ResultadosTras un seguimiento medio de 12 meses, se obtuvo un resultado satisfactorio en ambos grupos, con una puntuación media final de 95 puntos en el grupo A y una de 94 en el grupo B, según la escala AOFAS. Hubo 2 infecciones, 1 intolerancia de la sutura medial, 1 algodistrofia y 4 casos precisaron retirada de material.ConclusionesNuestros resultados sugieren que la lesión del ligamento deltoideo puede ser reparada con buenos resultados funcionales. Y entendemos que, aunque los signos clásicos nos ayudan a sospechar la lesión, no son predictores fiables de la necesidad de reparación del lado medial.PurposeThe purpose of this study is to evaluate the result of surgical repair of deltoid ligament in fracture of the distal fibula upper or at the syndesmotic level.Materials and methodsBetween 2002 and 2009, 49 patients with distal fibula fractures and classical signs of deltoid ligament incompetence were operated, 44 were available for follow-up. Two groups: group A included 33 cases in whom deltoid ligament was treated by surgical repair, and group B, 11 cases who were treated conservatively. All fractures were classified according to Lauge-Hansen and AO/OTA. The AOFAS ankle score was used for clinical and functional evaluation. Complications and reinterventions were recorded.ResultsAt a mean follow-up of 12 months, a satisfactory functional result was obtained in both groups, with a mean final score of 95 points in group A and 94 in group B on the AOFAS scale. There were 2 infection, a medial suture intolerance, an algodystrophy and 4 hardware removed.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that a ruptured deltoid ligament can be repair with goods functional result. And we understand that although the classical signs help us to suspect a torn ligament, are not reliable predictors for surgical revision of the medial side

ZnO-mesoporous glass scaffolds loaded with osteostatin and mesenchymal cells improve bone healing in a rabbit bone defect

The use of 3D scaffolds based on mesoporous bioactive glasses (MBG) enhanced with therapeutic ions, biomolecules and cells is emerging as a strategy to improve bone healing. In this paper, the osteogenic capability of ZnO-enriched MBG scaffolds loaded or not with osteostatin (OST) and human mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) was evaluated after implantation in New Zealand rabbits. Cylindrical meso-macroporous scaffolds with composition (mol %) 82.2SiO2–10.3CaO–3.3P2O5–4.2ZnO (4ZN) were obtained by rapid prototyping and then, coated with gelatin for easy handling and potentiating the release of inorganic ions and OST. Bone defects (7.5 mm diameter, 12 mm depth) were drilled in the distal femoral epiphysis and filled with 4ZN, 4ZN + MSC, 4ZN + OST or 4ZN + MSC + OST materials to evaluate and compare their osteogenic features. Rabbits were sacrificed at 3 months extracting the distal third of bone specimens for necropsy, histological, and microtomography (µCT) evaluations. Systems investigated exhibited bone regeneration capability. Thus, trabecular bone volume density (BV/TV) values obtained from µCT showed that the good bone healing capability of 4ZN was significantly improved by the scaffolds coated with OST and MSC. Our findings in vivo suggest the interest of these MBG complete systems to improve bone repair in the clinical practice

Genetic components for fodder yield and agronomic characters in maize lines

In maize hybrid development, it is essential to know the parent’s performance per se in different environments as well as the genetic base in populations in order to facilitate selection of superior lines. The objective of this work was to estimate the genetic variance and heritability while assessing agronomic behavior in 237 maize fodder lines featuring different inbred levels and origin in two different locations. Traits such as plant height, cob height, stem diameter, and fodder yield were taken. A combined variance analysis was carried out using this information. The variable mean squares showing significant differences were used to estimate the genetic variance components. Significant differences were observed (p ≤ 0.01) for the line variation source and location × line interaction in all assessed characteristics. The genetic parameter estimation provided information on the existing genetic variance and heritability among the population which is important for the progress of the selection process. Lines CLWN701, CLWN345, CML476, CML216, CLWQ232, and CML 528 measured 74.8, 72.2, 67.7, 65.8, 63.8 and 62.5 t ha-1 , respectively showed the highest yield potential for green fodder

Search of dark-matter axions in the microwave frequency range with full-wave modal techniques

Axions, originally proposed to solve the strong Charge-Parity problem of Quantum Chromo-Dynamics theory, emerge now as leading candidates of dark matter. In fact, the search of dark-matter axions in the microwave frequency range has been developed by different research groups during the last twenty years. In this demanding scenario, several microwave passive components (haloscopes) have been designed and fabricated for such axions detection based on the use of cavities and multi-cavities. From an electromagnetic point of view, comercial software (ANSFT HFSS, CST MICROWAVE STUDIO, etc ) has been employed for the design of different kind of haloscopes. In this work we propose to use the BI-RME 3D method (Boundary Integral – Resonant Mode Expansion) as an alternative to analyze the axion-photon coupling existing within an haloscope. This full-wave modal technique has provided interesting wide-band results for the design of new haloscopes

Inhibition of intermediate-conductance calcium-activated K channel (KCa3.1) and fibroblast mitogenesis by a-linolenic acid and alterations of channel expression in the lysosomal storage disorders, fabry disease, and niemann pick C

The calcium/calmodulin-gated KCa3.1 channel regulates normal and abnormal mitogenesis by controlling K+-efflux, cell volume, and membrane hyperpolarization-driven calcium-entry. Recent studies suggest modulation of KCa3.1 by omega-3 fatty acids as negative modulators and impaired KCa3.1 functions in the inherited lysosomal storage disorder (LSD), Fabry disease (FD). In the first part of present study, we characterize KCa3.1 in murine and human fibroblasts and test the impact of omega-3 fatty acids on fibroblast proliferation. In the second, we study whether KCa3.1 is altered in the LSDs, FD, and Niemann-Pick disease type C (NPC). Our patch-clamp and mRNA-expression studies on murine and human fibroblasts show functional expression of KCa3.1. KCa currents display the typical pharmacological fingerprint of KCa3.1: Ca2+-activation, potentiation by the positive-gating modulators, SKA-31 and SKA-121, and inhibition by TRAM-34, Senicapoc (ICA-17043), and the negative-gating modulator, 13b. Considering modulation by omega-3 fatty acids we found that a-linolenic acid (a-LA) and docosahexanenoic acid (DHA) inhibit KCa3.1 currents and strongly reduce fibroblast growth. The a-LA-rich linseed oil and ¿-LA-rich borage oil at 0.5% produce channel inhibition while a-LA/¿-LA-low oils has no anti-proliferative effect. Concerning KCa3.1 in LSD, mRNA expression studies, and patch-clamp on primary fibroblasts from FD and NPC patients reveal lower KCa3.1-gene expression and membrane expression than in control fibroblasts. In conclusion, the omega-3 fatty acid, a-LA, and a-LA/¿-LA-rich plant oils, inhibit fibroblast KCa3.1 channels and mitogenesis. Reduced fibroblast KCa3.1 functions are a feature and possible biomarker of cell dysfunction in FD and NPC and supports the concept that biased lipid metabolism is capable of negatively modulating KCa3.1 expression

SU(3) Predictions for Weak Decays of Doubly Heavy Baryons -- including SU(3) breaking terms

We find expressions for the weak decay amplitudes of baryons containing two b quarks (or one b and one c quark -- many relationship are the same) in terms of unknown reduced matrix elements. This project was originally motivated by the request of the FNAL Run II b Physics Workshop organizers for a guide to experimentalists in their search for as yet unobserved hadrons. We include an analysis of linear SU(3) breaking terms in addition to relationships generated by unbroken SU(3) symmetry, and relate these to expressions in terms of the complete set of possible reduced matrix elements.Comment: 49 page

Biodiversity Assessment and Geographical Affinities of Discards in Clam Fisheries in the Atlantic–Mediterranean Transition (Northern Alboran Sea)

This study focused on the assessment and quantification of discards generated by clam fisheries along the northern Alboran Sea (western Mediterranean). Discard samples (n = 278) were collected throughout one year on board nine commercial vessels. A total of 129 species were identified, mostly represented by molluscs (72 spp.), arthropods (20 spp.) and echinoderms (12 spp.). Molluscs dominated in terms of abundance (67.5%) and biomass (94.2%). The superfamily Paguroidea (i.e. hermit crabs), together with undersized target individuals, were the most abundant taxa. The abundance and biomass of discards displayed significant maximum values in winter, which could be partly related to biotic factors including population dynamics of some dominant species. Multivariate analyses indicated the presence of different assemblages related to the targeted bivalve species, reflecting the transition between a fine surface-sands biocoenosis exposed to wave action and a well-sorted fine sands biocoenosis below 5 m depth. Analysis of biogeographical affinities showed that most discarded species (73.2%) have an extensive Atlantic range, whereas 7.1% have a restricted distribution within the Mediterranean. The presence of subtropical species highlights the uniqueness of this area (the Atlantic–Mediterranean transition) in European seas. The usefulness of discard analysis for biodiversity assessment is discussed.Postprin

Modeling what we sample and sampling what we model: challenges for zooplankton model assessment

Zooplankton are the intermediate trophic level between phytoplankton and fish, and are an important component of carbon and nutrient cycles, accounting for a large proportion of the energy transfer to pelagic fishes and the deep ocean. Given zooplankton's importance, models need to adequately represent zooplankton dynamics. A major obstacle, though, is the lack of model assessment. Here we try and stimulate the assessment of zooplankton in models by filling three gaps. The first is that many zooplankton observationalists are unfamiliar with the biogeochemical, ecosystem, size-based and individual-based models that have zooplankton functional groups, so we describe their primary uses and how each typically represents zooplankton. The second gap is that many modelers are unaware of the zooplankton data that are available, and are unaccustomed to the different zooplankton sampling systems, so we describe the main sampling platforms and discuss their strengths and weaknesses for model assessment. Filling these gaps in our understanding of models and observations provides the necessary context to address the last gap—a blueprint for model assessment of zooplankton. We detail two ways that zooplankton biomass/abundance observations can be used to assess models: data wrangling that transforms observations to be more similar to model output; and observation models that transform model outputs to be more like observations. We hope that this review will encourage greater assessment of zooplankton in models and ultimately improve the representation of their dynamics