Inflammatory biomarkers in Alzheimer's disease plasma

Introduction: Plasma biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease (AD) diagnosis/stratification are a \u201cHoly Grail\u201d of AD research and intensively sought; however, there are no well-established plasma markers. Methods: A hypothesis-led plasma biomarker search was conducted in the context of international multicenter studies. The discovery phase measured 53 inflammatory proteins in elderly control (CTL; 259), mild cognitive impairment (MCI; 199), and AD (262) subjects from AddNeuroMed. Results: Ten analytes showed significant intergroup differences. Logistic regression identified five (FB, FH, sCR1, MCP-1, eotaxin-1) that, age/APO\u3b54 adjusted, optimally differentiated AD and CTL (AUC: 0.79), and three (sCR1, MCP-1, eotaxin-1) that optimally differentiated AD and MCI (AUC: 0.74). These models replicated in an independent cohort (EMIF; AUC 0.81 and 0.67). Two analytes (FB, FH) plus age predicted MCI progression to AD (AUC: 0.71). Discussion: Plasma markers of inflammation and complement dysregulation support diagnosis and outcome prediction in AD and MCI. Further replication is needed before clinical translation

The toxic effects of enzyme inhibitors on muscle and nerve

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The toxic effects of enzyme inhibitors on muscle and nerve

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Geology of the Manchester district : a brief explanation of the geological map Sheet 85 Manchester

This Sheet Explanation provides a summary of the geology and applied geology of the district covered by the geological 1:50 000 Series Sheet 85 Manchester, published as bedrock, and superficial and simplified bedrock editions in 2010 and 2011 respectively. Further details of the geology may be found in the references listed in the Information sources section and in other literature cited in the text. The Manchester district lies almost entirely within the Metropolitan County of Greater Manchester, with the extreme south-western part being in Cheshire. The area supports a population of over two million people, concentrated in the cities of Manchester and Salford, and the surrounding towns of Ashton-under-Lyne, Oldham, Bury, Bolton, Trafford, and parts of Rochdale and Stockport. Between these areas, the land is used for a diverse range of activities, including agriculture and industry; there are also extensive tracts of public open space and amenity areas