Catalase activity, lipid peroxidation, cholesterol and triglyceride levels in alloxan – induced diabetes mellitus in female and male rats.

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a disorder ofcarbohydrate metabolism and is associated with oxidativereactions.Objective: The present study is to determine the activities ofcatalase, lipid peroxidation, glucose, protein, cholesteroland triglyceride concentrations in the liver and kidney inalloxan-induced diabetes in female and male rats. Inaddition, the study is to ascertain if gender differences affectoxidative stress in diabetes.Methods : Forty male (165±8.46g) and female(162.7±7.94g) albino Sprague Dawley rats were used for thestudy. The rats were injected intraperitoneally with a singledose of 150mg/body weight of alloxan monohydrate, toinduce diabetes for 14 days. The rats were divided into fourgroups, consisting of 10 diabetic male, 10 non-diabeticmale, 10 diabetic female and 10 non-diabetic female. Therats were fed rat chow and water ad libitum for 14 days andthen sacrificed by decapitation. Blood was taken by cardiacpuncture, while liver and kidney were quickly excised. Thecatalase activity, lipid peroxidation, glucose, protein,cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations in the liver andkidney of rats were determined.Results: Rats administered alloxan monohydrate hadelevated plasma glucose levels. The body weights ofdiabetic female and male rats were significantly reducedcompared to the non-diabetic rats. The catalase activities inliver and kidney of diabetic male or female rats weresignificantly lower than in non-diabetic rats but the reductionwas more pronounced in diabetic female rats. The liver lipidperoxidation, cholesterol and triglyceride levels weresignificantly higher in the diabetic male or female than in thenon-diabetic rats, but with no significant differences in thediabetic female or male rats.Conclusion: Data of the study indicate that sex differencesdo not significantly affect oxidative stress in alloxan-induceddiabetes mellitus

The effect of dietary sumac fruit powder (Rhus coriaria L.) on performance and blood antioxidant status of broiler chickens under continuous heat stress condition

The effects of different levels of 0.0 sumac fruit powder (Z-SFP), 0.25 (L-SFP), 0.50 (M-SFP) and 1% (H-SFP) along with 100 mg/kg alpha tocopherol acetate (VE) were investigated on performance and blood antioxidant status of broiler chickens under heat stress condition. L-SFP, M-SFP and VE birds showed higher body weight gain (BWG) than Z-SFP and H-SFP birds during the starter period (P<0.05). No significant differences were observed among the treatments for feed intake (FI) during the starter, grower and whole the experimental periods (P>0.05). Feed conversion ratio (FCR) of M-SFP and VE birds were lower than that of H-SFP birds during the starter period (P<0.05). Moreover, no significant differences were observed for FCR or BWG between the treatments during the grower and whole the experimental periods (P>0.05). The blood total antioxidant capacity (TAC), malondialdehyde (MDA) content and the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) enzymes were not affected by dietary treatments at week 6 of age (P>0.05). It was concluded that although dietary SFP consumption can improve the performance of broiler chickens during the starter period under heat stress, it does not affect the performance during grower period or the blood antioxidant indices at week 6 of age