A sensitive method for the determination of gold and palladium based on dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction combined with flame atomic absorption spectrometric determination using N-(6-morpholin-4-ylpyridin-3-yl)-N '-phenylthiourea

Soylak, Mustafa/0000-0002-1017-0244WOS: 000369515500005A new method for the determination of gold and palladium was developed by dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction separation-preconcentration and flame atomic absorption spectrometry detection. In the proposed approach, N-(6-morpholin-4-ylpyridin-3-yl)-N'-phenylthiourea (MPPT) was synthesized as a complexing agent. The complexation ability of the MPPT was explored by examining the effect of a series of heavy metal ions, including Mn2+, Pd2+, Ni2+, Cd2+, Co2+, Cu2+, Au3+, Pb2+, Zn2+ and Fe3+, using the DLLME procedure. The MPPT exhibited pronounced selectivity toward Pd2+ and Au3+ ions at different pH levels. Factors influencing the extraction efficiency and complex formation were examined, i.e. the pH of the sample solution, the concentration of the chelating agent, the extraction and dispersive solvent type and volume, the sample volume, and foreign ions, etc. Optimal conditions for quantitative recoveries were pH 5.5 for gold and pH 1.5 for palladium, 125 mu L of % 0.4 MPPT, 1200 mu L of methanol and 125 mu L of carbon tetrachloride. The presented method showed a good linearity within a range of 30-230 and 25-200 mu g L-1 with the detection limits of 1.75 and 1.65 mu g L-1 for Au and Pd, respectively. The relative standard deviation (RSD) was below 2.8% at 50 mu g L-1 for both ions (n = 10). The developed method was simple, fast, cost efficient, and sensitive for the extraction and preconcentration of gold and palladium in samples of liquids (sea, stream water) and solids (stream sediment, ores, and electronic waste).Unit of the Scientific Research Projects of Karadeniz Technical University [1223]Financial support of the Unit of the Scientific Research Projects of Karadeniz Technical University (Project no: 1223) is gratefully acknowledged

A Comparison of Attitudes to the Police Between Greek Cypriots and Ethnic Minorities Living in Cyprus

The attitudes of 66 ethnic minorities and 152 Cypriots toward the police were examined according to age, experience of criminal victimization, and race. Questions were based on the British Crime Survey (BCS) and the National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS) and were translated into Greek. Results showed low levels of experience of possession crime and crime against the person in Cypriots and ethnic minorities, with no difference in these experiences between the two groups. Attitudes to the police were predicted by age and ethnicity with younger participants and Cypriots holding more negative attitudes than older participants and ethnic minorities. Victimization experience did not predict attitudes. Some victims of crime, who had not reported the crime to the police, stated that their reasons for not doing so were because of their lack of trust in the police’s ability to do something about the incident. Discussion centers on reasons why differences in attitudes toward the police might exist and the implications of the findings for the Cypriot police force in terms of public relations

The Jama legal narrative part I: The JAMA Model and narrative interpretation patterns

For the purposes of starting to tackle, within artificial intelligence (AI), the narrative aspects of legal narratives in a criminal evidence perspective, traditional AI models of narrative understanding can arguably supplement extant models of legal narratives from the scholarly literature of law, jury studies, or the semiotics of law. Not only: the literary (or cinematic) models prominent in a given culture impinge, with their poetic conventions, on the way members of the culture make sense of the world. This shows glaringly in the sample narrative from the Continent-the Jama murder, the inquiry, and the public outcry-we analyse in this paper. Apparently in the same racist crime category as the case of Stephen Lawrence's murder (in Greenwich on 22 April 1993) with the ensuing still current controversy in the UK, the Jama case (some 20 years ago) stood apart because of a very unusual element: the eyewitnesses identifying the suspects were a group of football referees and linesmen eating together at a restaurant, and seeing the sleeping man as he was set ablaze in a public park nearby. Professional background as witnesses-cum-factfinders in a mass sport, and public perceptions of their required characteristics, couldn't but feature prominently in the public perception of the case, even more so as the suspects were released by the magistrate conducting the inquiry. There are sides to this case that involve different expected effects in an inquisitorial criminal procedure system from the Continent, where an investigating magistrate leads the inquiry and prepares the prosecution case, as opposed to trial by jury under the Anglo-American adversarial system. In the JAMA prototype, we tried to approach the given case from the coign of vantage of narrative models from AI