Die plek en funksle van bestuur in die kerk

The place and function of management in the churchIn this article attention is given to general management as a solution to the current management problem in congregations. Management as a science is not unfamiliar in the church, but it has merely been neglected. The meaning of the term “church" as used in both the Old Testament and the New Testament is examined. Management within the church will have to uphold the nature, being, character, purpose and structure of the congregation according to the Word of God. Management will have to be a process by which believers continuously engage in congregational activities, try to use human and other resources as efficiently as possible, in order to fulfil all the ministry needs o f the congregation and to achieve specific goals. To be able to achieve this, the basic management tasks of planning, organising, activating and controlling have to be undertaken. The church should apply management principles to enable the church to become what it should be according to the will/intention of God

Masonic networks, material culture and international trade : the participation of Dutch Freemasons in the commercial and cultural exchange with Southeast Asia (1735-1853)

Freemasonry is an initiation society, active in the Netherlands since 1735. This dissertation discusses the history, rituals, material culture and iconography of freemasonry in the Netherlands and its trade posts in India, Ceylon, the Dutch East Indies, China and Japan. The membership had particular advantages for travellers, which explains why ca. 20-30% of the employees of the Dutch East India Company (VOC) were members. They were involved in the trade in export art for the European and American markets, and also traded privately in goods for the masonic markets. The dissertation describes the daily routine in the lodges in the 18th and 19th centuries, the extraordinary ritual architecture and interiors of lodge buildings on Java, and the production of Chinese export porcelain and Japanese lacquer with complex symbolic decorations. The participation of women and (Eur)asians in lodges on Java is also briefly discussed. As such, the book offers those interested in art history, colonial history and/or the East India Company an introduction into a relatively unknown subject. It provides information for the identification and dating of relevant museum objects, and makes a large amount of material from lodge archives accessible.Medieval and Early Modern Studie

Ventilation-induced Alterations in Lung Development

Mechanical ventilation is a lifesaving treatment in critically ill neonates. However, mechanical ventilation is also one of the most important risk factors (Table 1) of Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), the most common chronic lung disease in infancy with long-term pulmonary and neurological complications (1). Exposure of immature lungs to positive pressure ventilation results in oxidative stress and ventilator-induced lung injury. The resulting injury and inflammation lead to abnormal developmental and reparative processes in the lung. This general introduction outlines the current knowledge regarding Bronchopulmonary dysplasia related to lung development, mechanisms of ventilator-induced lung injury, mechanosensing and mechanotransduction and pathways involved in the pathogenesis of BPD related to mechanical ventilation

Conceptualisatie en parameterisatie van landgebruik, bodem, beregening en buisdrainage in het NHI

Bij de modellering van de hydrologie van de bodem en het landgebruik in het NHI (Nationaal Hydrologisch Instrumentarium) is voortgebouwd op de hydrologie voor STONE 2.3. Bij STONE is Nederland landsdekkend gemodelleerd met behulp van een beperkt aantal (6405) plots. Een plot is een unieke combinatie van gewastypen, en geclassificeerde hydrologische eigenschappen en bodemchemische eigenschappen. Bij het bouwen van het NHI is deze piotbenadering verlaten. Dit betekent dat voor elke gridcel van 250 bij 250 m een model moet worden gebouwd van het gewas-onverzadigde zone deelsysteem.Daarbij is gebruik gemaakt van de modelcode metaSWAP, de onverzadigde zone module van SIMGRO. In dit artikel wordt zowel de conceptualisatie als de bijbehorende parametrisatie en de daarvoor gebruikte bestanden in meer detail beschreve

Use of skin substitute dressings in the treatment of staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome in neonates and young infants

Background: Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome (SSSS) is a rare toxin-mediated skin disease caused by Staphylococcus aureus and seen in infants and children younger than 5 years. Objectives: The supportive role of skin substitutes in SSSS is stressed as a new and relatively unknown method. Methods: Retrospective observational case-series study, in neonates and young infants diagnosed with SSSS. Results: Seven infants with SSSS, treatment with antibiotics, skin substitutes, strict pain relief strategy and prognosis were described. One of them was severely affected and deceased. Conclusion: This study describes 7 infants with SSSS and stresses the important role of skin substitutes as Omiderm® and Suprathel® as valuable adjuvant treatment modality. Copyrigh

Interactions between five candidate genes and antihypertensive drug therapy on blood pressure

Despite the availability of effective antihypertensive drugs, there is a large variation in response to these drugs. This study investigates whether polymorphisms in the angi

Interplay of White Matter Hyperintensities, Cerebral Networks, and Cognitive Function in an Adult Population:Diffusion-Tensor Imaging in the Maastricht Study

Background: Lesions of cerebral small vessel disease, such as white matter hyperintensities (WMHs) in individuals with cardiometabolic risk factors, interfere with the trajectories of the white matter and eventually contribute to cognitive decline. However, there is no consensus yet about the precise underlying topological mechanism. Purpose: To examine whether WMH and cognitive function are associated and whether any such association is mediated or explained by structural connectivity measures in an adult population. In addition, to investigate underlying local abnormalities in white matter by assessing the tract-specific WMH volumes and their tract-specific association with cognitive function. Materials and Methods: In the prospective type 2 diabetes-enriched population-based Maastricht Study, structural and diffusion-tensor MRI was performed (December 2013 to February 2017). Total and tract-specific WMH volumes; network measures; cognition scores; and demographic, cardiovascular, and lifestyle characteristics were determined. Multivariable linear regression and mediation analyses were used to investigate the association of WMH volume, tract-specific WMH volumes, and network measures with cognitive function. Associations were adjusted for age, sex, education, diabetes status, and cardiovascular risk factors. Results: A total of 5083 participants (mean age, 59 years +/- 9 [standard deviation]; 2592 men; 1027 with diabetes) were evaluated. Larger WMH volumes were associated with stronger local (standardized beta coefficient, 0.065; P Conclusion: White matter hyperintensity volume, local network efficiency, and information processing speed scores are interrelated, and local network properties explain lower cognitive performance due to white matter network alterations. (C) RSNA, 202

Recruitment of participants through community pharmacies for a pharmacogenetic study of antihypertensive drug treatment

Objective To describe the design, recruitment and baseline characteristics of participants in a community pharmacy based pharmacogenetic study of antihypertensive drug treatment. Setting: Participants enrolled from the population-based Pharmaco-Morbidity Record Linkage System. Method We designed a nested case-control study in which we will assess whether specific genetic polymorphisms modify the effect of antihypertensive drugs on the risk of myocardial infarction. In this study, cases (myocardial infarction) and controls were recruited through community pharmacies that participate in PHARMO. The PHARMO database comprises drug dispensing histories of about 2,000,000 subjects from a representative sample of Dutch community pharmacies linked to the national registrations of hospital discharges. Results In total we selected 31010 patients (2777 cases and 28233 controls) from the PHARMO database, of whom 15973 (1871 cases, 14102 controls) were approached through their community pharmacy. Overall response rate was 36.3% (n = 5791, 794 cases, 4997 controls), whereas 32.1% (n = 5126, 701 cases, 4425 controls) gave informed consent to genotype their DNA. As expected, several cardiovascular risk factors such as smoking, body mass index, hypercholesterolemia, and diabetes mellitus were more common in cases than in controls. Conclusion Furthermore, cases more often used beta-blockers and calcium-antagonists, whereas controls more often used thiazide diuretics, ACE-inhibitors, and angiotensin-II receptor blockers. We have demonstrated that it is feasible to select patients from a coded database for a pharmacogenetic study and to approach them through community pharmacies, achieving reasonable response rates and without violating privacy rules