23,566 research outputs found
FLASH: Randomized Algorithms Accelerated over CPU-GPU for Ultra-High Dimensional Similarity Search
We present FLASH (\textbf{F}ast \textbf{L}SH \textbf{A}lgorithm for
\textbf{S}imilarity search accelerated with \textbf{H}PC), a similarity search
system for ultra-high dimensional datasets on a single machine, that does not
require similarity computations and is tailored for high-performance computing
platforms. By leveraging a LSH style randomized indexing procedure and
combining it with several principled techniques, such as reservoir sampling,
recent advances in one-pass minwise hashing, and count based estimations, we
reduce the computational and parallelization costs of similarity search, while
retaining sound theoretical guarantees.
We evaluate FLASH on several real, high-dimensional datasets from different
domains, including text, malicious URL, click-through prediction, social
networks, etc. Our experiments shed new light on the difficulties associated
with datasets having several million dimensions. Current state-of-the-art
implementations either fail on the presented scale or are orders of magnitude
slower than FLASH. FLASH is capable of computing an approximate k-NN graph,
from scratch, over the full webspam dataset (1.3 billion nonzeros) in less than
10 seconds. Computing a full k-NN graph in less than 10 seconds on the webspam
dataset, using brute-force (), will require at least 20 teraflops. We
provide CPU and GPU implementations of FLASH for replicability of our results
Tumor im DĂŒnndarm bei Peutz-Jeghers-Syndrom
Zusammenfassung: Epithelverschleppung ("epithelial misplacement") kommt in Peutz-Jeghers-Polypen des Jejunum und Ileum vor. Sie kann zur Fallstrickdiagnose eines invasiven Adenokarzinoms verleiten. Hilfreich ist der Nachweis der erhaltenen Lamina propria um die verlagerten Epithelkomplexe, die selten auch Dysplasien aufweisen können. Epithelverschleppungen sind hÀufig mit intramuralem Schleim assoziier
Highly Permeable Perfluorinated Sulfonic Acid Ionomers for Improved Electrochemical Devices: Insights into Structure-Property Relationships.
Rapid improvements in polymer-electrolyte fuel-cell (PEFC) performance have been driven by the development of commercially available ion-conducting polymers (ionomers) that are employed as membranes and catalyst binders in membrane-electrode assemblies. Commercially available ionomers are based on a perfluorinated chemistry comprised of a polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) matrix that imparts low gas permeability and high mechanical strength but introduces significant mass-transport losses in the electrodes. These transport losses currently limit PEFC performance, especially for low Pt loadings. In this study, we present a novel ionomer incorporating a glassy amorphous matrix based on a perfluoro(2-methylene-4-methyl-1,3-dioxolane) (PFMMD) backbone. The novel backbone chemistry induces structural changes in the ionomer, restricting ionomer domain swelling under hydration while disrupting matrix crystallinity. These structural changes slightly reduce proton conductivity while significantly improving gas permeability. The performance implications of this trade-off are assessed, which reveal the potential for substantial performance improvement by incorporation of highly permeable ionomers as the functional catalyst binder. These results underscore the significance of tailoring material chemistry to specific device requirements, where ionomer chemistry should be rationally designed to match the local transport requirements of the device architecture
LDA+Gutzwiller Method for Correlated Electron Systems
Combining the density functional theory (DFT) and the Gutzwiller variational
approach, a LDA+Gutzwiller method is developed to treat the correlated electron
systems from {\it ab-initio}. All variational parameters are self-consistently
determined from total energy minimization. The method is computationally
cheaper, yet the quasi-particle spectrum is well described through kinetic
energy renormalization. It can be applied equally to the systems from weakly
correlated metals to strongly correlated insulators. The calculated results for
SrVO, Fe, Ni and NiO, show dramatic improvement over LDA and LDA+U.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figures, 1 tabl
Epinephrine and clonidine do not improve intrathecal sufentanil analgesia after total hip replacementâ
Background. We compared analgesia after intrathecal sufentanil alone, sufentanil with epinephrine 200”g and sufentanil with clonidine 30 ”g in patients after total hip replacement, the endpoints being onset and duration of action. Methods. We performed a randomized doubleâblind study of 45 patients for elective total hip arthroplasty using continuous spinal anaesthesia. As soon as a pain score higher than 3 on a 10 cm visual analogue scale was reported, sufentanil 7.5 ”g alone, sufentanil 7.5 ”g + epinephrine 200 ”g or sufentanil 7.5 ”g + clonidine 30 ”g in 2 ml normal saline was given intrathecally. Pain scores, rescue analgesia (diclofenac and morphine) and adverse effects (respiratory depression, postoperative nausea and vomiting, itching) were observed for 24h after surgery. Results. Time to a pain score of 3 [281 (36) vs 288 (23) vs 305 (30) min] were similar in all three groups. Adverse effects and analgesic requirements during the first 24h were also similar. Conclusion. After total hip replacement, all three analgesic regimens gave good analgesia with comparable onset and duration of action, and minor adverse effects. Br J Anaesth 2002; 89: 562-
Analysis of aggregated tick returns: evidence for anomalous diffusion
In order to investigate the origin of large price fluctuations, we analyze
stock price changes of ten frequently traded NASDAQ stocks in the year 2002.
Though the influence of the trading frequency on the aggregate return in a
certain time interval is important, it cannot alone explain the heavy tailed
distribution of stock price changes. For this reason, we analyze intervals with
a fixed number of trades in order to eliminate the influence of the trading
frequency and investigate the relevance of other factors for the aggregate
return. We show that in tick time the price follows a discrete diffusion
process with a variable step width while the difference between the number of
steps in positive and negative direction in an interval is Gaussian
distributed. The step width is given by the return due to a single trade and is
long-term correlated in tick time. Hence, its mean value can well characterize
an interval of many trades and turns out to be an important determinant for
large aggregate returns. We also present a statistical model reproducing the
cumulative distribution of aggregate returns. For an accurate agreement with
the empirical distribution, we also take into account asymmetries of the step
widths in different directions together with crosscorrelations between these
asymmetries and the mean step width as well as the signs of the steps.Comment: 9 pages, 10 figures, typos correcte
Neutron Irradiation of Sm-1111
SmFeAsOF was irradiated in a fission reactor to a fast (E > 0.1
MeV) neutron fluence of 4x10^ m. The introduced defects increase
the normal state resistivity due to a reduction in the mean free path of the
charge carriers. This leads to an enhancement of the upper critical field at
low temperatures. The critical current density within the grains, Jc, increases
upon irradiation. The second maximum in the field dependence of Jc disappears
and the critical current density becomes a monotonically decreasing function of
the applied magnetic field
Molecular beam epitaxy of highly mismatched N-rich GaNSb and InNAs alloys
GaN materials alloyed with group V anions form the so-called highly mismatched alloys (HMAs). Recently, the authors succeeded in growing N-rich GaNAs and GaNBi alloys over a large composition range by plasma-assisted molecular beam epitaxy (PA-MBE). Here, they present first results on PA-MBE growth and properties of N-rich GaNSb and InNAs alloys and compare these with GaNAs and GaNBi alloys. The enhanced incorporation of As and Sb was achieved by growing the layers at extremely low growth temperatures. Although layers become amorphous for high As, Sb, and Bi content, optical absorption measurements show a progressive shift of the optical absorption edge to lower energy. The large band gap range and controllable conduction and valence band positions of these HMAs make them promising materials for efficient solar energy conversion devices
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Permeation of COâ and Nâ through glassy poly(dimethyl phenylene) oxide under steady- and presteady-state conditions
Glassy polymers are often used for gas separations because of their high selectivity. Although the dualâmode permeation model correctly fits their sorption and permeation isotherms, its physical interpretation is disputed, and it does not describe permeation far from steady state, a condition expected when separations involve intermittent renewable energy sources. To develop a more comprehensive permeation model, we combine experiment, molecular dynamics, and multiscale reactionâdiffusion modeling to characterize the timeâdependent permeation of Nâ and COâ through a glassy poly(dimethyl phenylene oxide) membrane, a model system. Simulations of experimental timeâdependent permeation data for both gases in the presteadyâstate and steadyâstate regimes show that both singleâ and dualâmode reactionâdiffusion models reproduce the experimental observations, and that sorbed gas concentrations lag the external pressure rise. The results point to environmentâsensitive diffusion coefficients as a vital characteristic of transport in glassy polymers
Methodological approaches for the selection of genotypes in a progeny trial of Dacryodes edulis (G. Don) H. J. Lam in Cameroon
The World Agroforestry Centre (ICRAF) initiated a program in Cameroon for the selection of improved genotypes of Dacryodes edulis for domestication. There are major challenges in such selection because superior performance of individual trees may be based on site conditions rather than on genetic differences. Open-pollinated seeds were collected from mother trees in four provenances in Cameroon and planted in a progeny trial at Minkoameyos, Cameroon. Progeny from the same mother tree are referred to as family. After one year of growth in the field, growth traits were measured annually for five years and fruit traits were measured in two successive years. Three methodological approaches were investigated: family and within-family selection (combined selection), ranking for phenotypic selection and correlation for multi-trait and early selection. Variation in growth and fruit traits among families was not significant for most provenances, indicating that family selection would not be effective for the selection of genotypes in the trial. Phenotypic selection resulted in the retention of a small number of individuals of all families in the trial. There were strong positive correlations between fruit traits and between fruit and growth traits, while negative correlations were found between fruit traits and yield. The correlations indicate that selecting for one fruit trait may also improve the other fruit traits but reduce fruit yield. Positive and significant juvenile-mature correlations for growth were also found in this trial, indicating that early selection may be possible based ongrowth. Based on these results, phenotypic selection is recommended in the progeny trial for the domestication program in Cameroon and further research on early selection is needed as the trial advances in age
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