2,445 research outputs found
No Place for Glory: Major General Robert E. Rodes and the Confederate Defeat at Gettysburg
In “an engaging, readable narrative,” Wynstra shows that “leadership breakdowns” in Rodes’s command “ultimately undid the fighting determination and sacrifice of” Confederate soldiers, which led “to the South’s Gettysburg defeat as surely as did the actions of more popularly famous officers and units.” No Place for Glory “will find a well-deserved place in the Gettysburg shelf of every interested reader’s” collection, reviewer David A. Welker writes
User's guide: Programs for processing altimeter data over inland seas
The programs described were developed to process GEODYN-formatted satellite altimeter data, and to apply the processed results to predict geoid undulations and gravity anomalies of inland sea areas. These programs are written in standard FORTRAN 77 and are designed to run on the NSESCC IBM 3081(MVS) computer. Because of the experimental nature of these programs they are tailored to the geographical area analyzed. The attached program listings are customized for processing the altimeter data over the Black Sea. Users interested in the Caspian Sea data are expected to modify each program, although the required modifications are generally minor. Program control parameters are defined in the programs via PARAMETER statements and/or DATA statements. Other auxiliary parameters, such as labels, are hard-wired into the programs. Large data files are read in or written out through different input or output units. The program listings of these programs are accompanied by sample IBM job control language (JCL) images. Familiarity with IBM JCL and the TEMPLATE graphic package is assumed
Analysis of altimetry over inland seas
Satellite-based altimetric data taken by GEOS-3 and SEASAT over the Black Sea and Caspian Sea are analyzed and a least squares collocation technique is used to predict the geoid undulation on a .25-degree by .25-degree grid and to transform these geoid undulations to free air gravity anomalies. This project entailed processing satellite altimeter data over inland seas for recovery of area mean gravity information. Gravity information in this area of the world is not readily available, so the possibility of obtaining it from the processing of altimeter observations is attractive. The principal objective was to complete and extend analyses done in a previous study, verify those results, and document the results and techniques. A secondary objective was to improve the algorithms and results, if possible. The approach used involved editing geoid height data to remove overland data; evaluating geoid height differences at crossover points; removing orbit errors from geoid heights using crossover differences; gridding geoid height data at .25-degree by .25-degree intervals; and estimating the gravity anomalies from gridded geoid heights using the collocation technique
A phantom force induced by the tunneling current, characterized on Si(111)
Simultaneous measurements of tunneling currents and atomic forces on surfaces
and adsorbates provide new insights into the electronic and structural
properties of matter on the atomic scale. We report on experimental
observations and calculations of a strong impact the tunneling current can have
on the measured force, which arises when the resistivity of the sample cannot
be neglected. We present a study on Si(111)-7\times7 with various doping
levels, but this effect is expected to occur on other low-conductance samples
like adsorbed molecules, and is likely to strongly affect Kelvin probe
measurements on the atomic scale.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figures, submitte
The Birch Creek Canids and Dogs as Transport Labor in the Intermountain West
Historically, domestic dogs (Canis familiaris) have been documented as central features of Intermountain West and Great Plains Native American camps. Some of these dogs were bred specifically for largeness and stamina to haul travois and to carry pannier-style packs. Ethnographic accounts frequently highlight the importance of dogs in moving through the Intermountain West and the plains, reporting loads as heavy as 45 kg (100 lbs). We calculated body mass from skeletal morphometric data and used these to estimate prehistoric and historic dog load capacities for travois and pannier-style packs in the Intermountain West, Great Plains, and Great Basin. Specimens of large dogs recovered from sites in the Birch Creek Valley in Idaho and on the Great Plains indicate the animals could carry weights comparable to ethnographically recorded loads. Further, direct dating of the Birch Creek dog specimens indicated that dogs of this size have been present in the Intermountain West for more than 3,000 years. These data have important implications for our understanding of prehistoric mobility in the Intermountain West and the plains and suggest that the use of dogs in transporting cargo may have begun as early as 5,000 years ago.
El perro domĂ©stico (Canis familiaris) fue una presencia fundamental en los campamentos del Oeste Intermontano y las Grandes Llanuras. Algunos perros fueron criados especĂficamente para tener gran tamaño y aguante y fueron utilizados para transportar travois (camillas) y cargar alforjas. Los informes etnográficos a menudo resaltan la importancia de los perros para la movilidad en el Oeste Intermontano y las Grandes Llanuras y reportan cargas de hasta 45 kg (100 lbs). En este artĂculo calculamos la masa corporal a partir de los datos morfomĂ©tricos del esqueleto y la utilizamos para estimar la capacidad de carga con travois y alforjas de perros prehistĂłricos e histĂłricos en el Oeste Intermontano, las Grandes Llanuras y la Gran Cuenca. Estos datos indican que los perros de gran tamaño recuperados en contextos arqueolĂłgicos del Valle de Birch Creek en Idaho y de sitios de las Grandes Llanuras fueron capaces de transportar cargas con rangos de peso comparables a los reportados etnográficamente. Además, la dataciĂłn directa de los perros de Birch Creek indica que perros de este tamaño estuvieron presentes en el Oeste Intermontano por más de 3.000 años. Estos datos tienen implicaciones importantes para entender la movilidad prehistĂłrica en el Oeste Intermontano y las Grandes Llanuras, y sugieren que el uso de perros para el transporte de carga podrĂa haber comenzado hace tanto como 5.000 años
Synchronized single electron emission from dynamical quantum dots
We study synchronized quantized charge pumping through several dynamical
quantum dots (QDs) driven by a single time modulated gate signal. We show that
the main obstacle for synchronization being the lack of uniformity can be
overcome by operating the QDs in the decay cascade regime. We discuss the
mechanism responsible for lifting the stringent uniformity requirements. This
enhanced functionality of dynamical QDs might find applications in
nanoelectronics and quantum metrology.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figures, submitted to AP
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