Resveratrol Increases Glucose Induced GLP-1 Secretion in Mice: A Mechanism which Contributes to the Glycemic Control

Resveratrol (RSV) is a potent anti-diabetic agent when used at high doses. However, the direct targets primarily responsible for the beneficial actions of RSV remain unclear. We used a formulation that increases oral bioavailability to assess the mechanisms involved in the glucoregulatory action of RSV in high-fat diet (HFD)-fed diabetic wild type mice. Administration of RSV for 5 weeks reduced the development of glucose intolerance, and increased portal vein concentrations of both Glucagon-like peptid-1 (GLP-1) and insulin, and intestinal content of active GLP-1. This was associated with increased levels of colonic proglucagon mRNA transcripts. RSV-mediated glucoregulation required a functional GLP-1 receptor (Glp1r) as neither glucose nor insulin levels were modulated in Glp1r-/- mice. Conversely, levels of active GLP-1 and control of glycemia were further improved when the Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor sitagliptin was co-administered with RSV. In addition, RSV treatment modified gut microbiota and decreased the inflammatory status of mice. Our data suggest that RSV exerts its actions in part through modulation of the enteroendocrine axis in vivo

VHDL-AMS and Verilog-AMS as alternative hardware description languages for efficient modeling of multidiscipline systems

International audienc

Extending systemC to support mixed discrete-continuous system modeling and simulation

Systems on chip are more and more heterogeneous and include software, analog/RF and digital hardware, and non-electronic components such as sensors or actuators. The design and the verification of such systems require appropriate modeling means to deal with the increasing complexity and to achieve efficient simulation. SystemC is providing a modeling and simulation framework that supports digital (discrete) hardware and software systems from abstract specifications to register transfer level models. In the paper, we are proposing a way to extend the capabilities of SystemC to support mixed discrete-continuous systems by implementing a synchronous dataflow (SDF) model of computation (MoC). The SDF MoC is used to embed continuous-time behavior in SDF modules and to support the synchronization with the existing SystemC kernel. The paper presents an overview of the architecture and the syntax of the proposed extensions and gives modeling examples with simulation results