ETEKOS experimental ecological system

The problem of changes in the ecology resulting, for example, in increases in water temperature because of discharges from large thermal power plants is considered. An experiment creating a model of such an ecological system is described

Fraud in a digital society in the context of social change

The article analyzes the problems of fraud in the modern digital society in the context of social changes caused by both the COVID-19 pandemic and the current geopolitical situation. The authors study in detail the types of financial fraud in this area. They pay special attention to the types of digital fraud: telephone fraud and IP-telephony, SMS fraud, phishing, sniffering (message interception), skimming (theft of card data), which are associated with the emergence of cryptocurrencies. The article presents the data of the authors’ sociological research conducted by the method of an online questionnaire survey (n = 765). The study showed that only 44 % of respondents are sufficiently informed about the types of fraud to protect themselves from modern internet scammers. An analysis of data on certain types of digital fraud showed that 20 % of respondents lost money due to telephone or Internet fraud, 16 % of respondents personally encountered IP telephony, and 40 % have no idea about such a type of fraud as sniffering and existing anti-virus protection against it. The research also showed the vulnerability, first of all, of the male half of the population over 40 years of age in the field of internet fraud. Therefore, public authorities, together with the media, business and other actors of Russian society, need to strengthen the policy in the field of improving the level of financial and digital literacy of the population

Effect of triphosphate modifications in 2′-deoxynucleoside 5′-triphosphates on their specificity towards various DNA polymerases

AbstractSome natural and glycon-modified dNTPs with β,γ-pyrophosphate substitution at the triphosphate residue were synthesized and studied to evaluate the effect of these modifications on substrate properties of dNTPs in DNA synthesis catalyzed by human placental DNA polymerases α and β, avian myeloblastosis virus reverse transcriptase, and calf thymus terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase. Reverse transcriptase proved to be the enzyme least specific to such modifications; the substrate activity of β,γ-methylenediphosphonate substituted dTTP and 3′-azido-3′-deoxy-dTTP decreased in the following order: CF2=CHF>CBr2>CFMe≫CH2. This order is individual for each DNA polymerase. It is interesting to mention that β,γ-CBr2 substituted dTTP is neither a substrate nor an inhibitor of DNA polymerase β. This specificity distinguishes DNA polymerase β from other DNA polymerases studied

First Stages of Wet Wooden Ice-House Conservation Dated to the First Half of the 18th Century

In July 2019, during the restoration of the building of the First Cadet Corps (the former mansion of Aleksandr D. Menshikov), fragments of two structures that differ in the degree of preservation – a cellar and an ice-house (lednik), dating back to the first half of the 18th century, were discovered. The lednik is a traditional building for the North-Western region of Russia and a rare wooden architectural object for St. Petersburg of that time. In order to prepare the construction for dismantling and to plan its further restoration, preliminary studies were conducted. It was found that details from other wooden objects, probably ships and barges, were used for this construction. The physical parameters of the wood of the structural parts varied. Most parts of the lednik are waterlogged. Based on the results of the research, a plan was worked out for the preservation of this unique historical architectural object

Волонтерское участие молодежи в период пандемии: портрет героя сложного времени

The article analyzes the portrait of the regional youth volunteer community, which implements its activities during the COVID19 pandemic. The authors define the features of the organization and implementation of volunteer activities in conditions of risk and uncertainty. The empirical part of the study bases on the survey of respondents aged 14-24 carried in Sverdlovsk region in August 15, 2021 - October 15, 2021 (N= 1105, quota sampling, sample error does not exceed 3.5%). The authors implement binary logistic regression to assess the contribution of various factors (sociodemographic, activity, and informational factors, factors of selfidentification, etc.) to the probability of volunteer participation in the #WeAreTogether (#MiVmeste) campaign. The study shows that the «heroes of a difficult time» are representatives of a small prosocial and politically oriented part of Russian youth, previously included in the organizational structures created within the framework of state youth policy, and majority of the youth is excluded from these activities. The hypothesis of expanding the social base of youth volunteering during the pandemic by means of Internet communication resources has not received empirical confirmation, which is due to a number of factors. The capacity of the infrastructure of volunteering in solving social problems during the crisis period was confirmed only in relation to the already organized youth of the region. Its information resources proved to be effective only for experienced young volunteers actively participating in organized social activities. It is shown that the core of the organized volunteer movement of young people is characterized by hybrid models of volunteering, combining elements of the traditional, Soviet, and democratic models. © 2021 Russian Public Opinion Research Center, VCIOM. All rights reserved.Acknowledgments. The research was supported by RFBR, project № 20-011-00471

Investigation of biochemical indices under gastric desorders

Досліджено біохімічні показники сироватки крові людини: систему перекисного окиснення, загальний вміст ліпідів, холестеролу, ліпопротеїнів високої щільності, триацилгліцеролів та церулоплазміну за умов хронічних неспецифічних запальних захворювань кишок. Проаналізовано отримані дані з боку біохімічних показників та частоти відхилень показників у сироватці крові від норми у хворих на вищезазначені патології. Встановлено наявність біохімічних змін у хворих на запальні захворювання кишок з боку ліпідного обміну та системи перекисного окиснення, які відіграють головну роль у патогенетичних механізмах цих захворювань, мають свої клінічні прояви та потребують терапевтичної корекції.Исследованы биохимические показатели сыворотки крови человека: систему перекисного окисления, общее содержание липидов, холестерола, липопротеинов высокой плотности, триацилглицеролов и Церулей-плазмина в условиях хронических неспецифических воспалительных заболеваний кишечника. Проанализированы полученные данные со стороны биохимических показателей и частоты отклонений показателей в сыворотке крови от нормы у больных вышеупомянутые патологии. Установлено наличие биохимических изменений у больных воспалительными заболеваниями кишечника со стороны липидного обмена и системы перекисного окисления, которые играют главную роль в патогенетических механизмах этих заболеваний, имеют свои клинические проявления и требуют терапевтической коррекцииThe peroxidation system, general lipids, cholesterol, triglycerides, ceruloplasmin contents were examined under chronic non-specific inflammatory intestine diseases. The biochemical indices and deflexion frequency of pathological serum were analised. The biochemical changes were established in the blood serum of patients under chronic non-specific inflammatory intestine diseases. These changes play the most important role in the pathogenetic mechanisms, have their own clinical manifestations and demand the therapeutical correction

Surgical Treatment of Aortic Valve Papillary Fibroelastoma in Combination With Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting

Objective: To describe a rare case of surgical treatment of aortic valve papillary fibroelastoma in combination with coronary artery bypass grafting.   Clinical case: The patient was hospitalized with a suspected mass on the left coronary cusp of the aortic valve and complained of retrosternal pain that appeared during moderate exertion and brisk walking and went away with rest. The patient history revealed that these clinical manifestations began in February 2022 and were treated by coronary stenting. Since May 2022 the patient noticed symptoms of recurrent angina. Transthoracic echocardiogram dated June 14, 2022 revealed a 13 × 12 mm additional mobile mass on the left coronary cusp. On June 30, 2022 the patient had an open surgery: mass removal, coronary artery bypass grafting of the anterior descending artery, and coronary artery bypass grafting of the circumflex artery. During the aortic valve exploration, the mass was visualized on the left coronary cusp on the side of the left ventricle. The mass was removed by precision marginal excision.   Conclusions: To timely examine patients, refer them for surgical treatment, preserve and prolong their life, and improve its quality, clinical practitioners should know clinical manifestations and challenges in screening for aortic valve papillary fibroelastoma

Non-invasive of liver fibrosis diagnostics: the role of serum markers

Aim of review. The prognosis and management approach for chronic liver diseases of any etiology in many respects are determined by stage and extent of fibrosis which reflects activity, spread and duration of liver disease. Aim of current publication was to highlight these issues.Summary. Investigations in the field of fibrogenesis processes made possible quantitative estimation of liver fibrosis by non-invasive tests based both on assessment of peripheral blood levels of substances, directly involved in various stages of extracellular matrix synthesis and disintegration, and on the routine laboratory tests reflecting activity of inflammation, degree of disorder of synthetic liver function and fibrosis progression.Conclusion. Study of diagnostic accuracy of serum markers for assessment of fibrosis stage in liver disea ses of various etiology will provide development of comprehensive non-invasive test for estimation of treatment response rate, course and progression rate of diseas