COMPARATIVE STUDY ON HYDROLYTIC ENZYMES PRODUCED BY DIFFERENT MORPHOLOGICAL FORMS OF CANDIDA ALBICANS

In recent years, the incidence of fungal infections has been rising all over the world. The ability of Candida albicans to switch from yeast to hyphal growth is essential for its virulence. The aim of this comparative study was to biotype and characterize phospholipase, proteinase, phosphatase and haemolytic activities of yeast and hyphal forms of Candida albicans. The hyphal form of Candida albicans secrets high quantity of hydrolytic enzymes than yeast form, which helps in its virulence. These results suggest that pathogenic fungi produce larger amount of inducible hydrolytic enzymes than non-pathogenic fungi. In this investigation, plate methods were used to determine the phospholipase, proteinase and haemolytic activities and spectrophotometric method was employed for testing acid phosphatase activity

COLOR HISTOGRAM BASED MEDICAL IMAGE RETRIEVAL SYSTEM

This paper aims to focus on the feature extraction, selection and database creation of brain images for image retrieval which will aid for computer assisted diagnosis. The impact of content-based access to medical images is frequently reported but existing systems are designed for only a particular context of diagnosis. But, our concept of image retrieval in medical applications aims at a general structure for semantic content analysis that is suitable for numerous applications in case-based reasoning. By using the features, the database created for comparison. The color histogram is used to measure the similarity between the stored database image and the query image. The image which is more similar to the query image is retrieved as the resultant image. If the quer

MODIFICATION TO SPIHT ALGORITHM USING INCREMENTAL THRESHOLD FOR IMAGE COMPRESSION

The Modified SPIHT represents a more efficient implementation of the SPIHT algorithm by using variable thresholds to sort the list of insignificant pixels (LIP) and the list of insignificant sets (LIS). We observe two interesting facts: (I) most of the initial subsets in LIS are not only insignificant with respect to the maximum threshold, but also insignificant with respect to the smaller threshold. And (2) Most of the pixels generating from sorting LIS are smaller than the current threshold. Based on these two observations, it represents a new image codec method, which can make the binary encoded outputs more efficient, and can work well on different image sizes and different decomposition levels

समुद्रातल्या पिंजऱ्यातली संगोपन मत्स्यशोति

For the grow-out trials, circular cages of diameter ranging from 6-15 meters have been tried by CMFRI. However, cage diameter 6-10 is recommended for the culture of Mullet, Cobia, Pompano, Sea bass and Pearl spot. The grow-out of candidate species in caged enclosures requires proper planning and management. The critical inputs like right kind of seed, nutritionally balanced feed and routine cage maintenance activity decide the success of grow-out production. Unlike closed or semi-closed culture systems, marine environment is more diverse and dynamic, thus did not offer much scope for the environmental as well as biological manipulations. After proper site selection and cage installations, cages should be stocked with recommended numbers of seed depending upon water volume/ cage area

Evaluation of leaf extract of Lantana camara aginast seed mycoflora - biopesticides approach

The Seed treatment with pant extract of Lantana camara does not have any adverse effect on the germinated of seeds even after the treatment for 30 minutes. The seed were treated with aqneous extract, alcoholic extract, and ethyl acetate extract of Lantana camara leavers for 5 minutes, 15 minutes and 30 minutes. It is evident that the treatment of ethyl acetate extract for 30 minutes inhibited the growth of dominant fungi like curvularia lunata A.flavus, A.niger and fusarium moniliforme. So the ethylacetate extract of leaves of Lantana camara can be utilised for the biological control of seeds borne fungi of soybean. So the seed treatment of plant extract will not cause any problem of pollution and the chemical of plant extracts are easily degraded in the soil, So the plant extract of Lantana camara can be used as biopesticide.&nbsp

A Multi-featured Approach by Integrating Digital Hand and Dental X-Ray for Human Age Estimation

Traditionally, human bone age is estimated manually by inspecting the multiple body part X-ray images, which is extremely time-consuming and prone to error. The accuracy of the human estimate depends on the experience of the medical practitioner, and thus it suffers from intra- and inter-observer variability. Hence, efficient automatic approaches are required to determine human age with high accuracy. In this work, we propose a human age estimation technique using Deep Learning (DL) technique based on hand X-ray images combined with dental orthopantomographs (OPGs) is proposed. Here, the input X-ray image is pre-processed first using Non-Local Means (NLM) first, followed by Region of Interest (RoI) extraction. Later, color and position image augmentation are performed in order to balance the dataset. Thereafter, the salient features in the image are determined, and based on these features, human age estimation is carried out using the Deep Residual Network (DRN). Here, the DRN is trained using the Beluga whale lion optimization (BWLO) algorithm. Furthermore, the BWLO_DRN is examined for its superiority considering the model accuracy and is found to obtain value of 90.1% on hand-wrist and 89.9% OPG real time dataset, thus showing superior performance for hand-wrist images

A review on the pros and cons of online Pharmacies

Now a day’s buying a medicine online is common practice across the globe, because buyers are used to order for medicines through a click of a button rather than taking a trip to a drug store. Such online websites sell everything from prescription drugs to health related products. Most of such stores are legal outlets that safeguard all traditional procedures related to drug prescription. That is why most buyers are confident about dealing with these stores. But there are quite a few rogue stores that have come up in the recent past over the internet. These stores deal in illegal medications and unapproved drugs, buyers must be aware of such rogue stores. The fact remains that drugs purchased at online drug stores offer high levels of handiness, put forward privacy for the buyer as well as safeguard traditional procedures of prescribing drugs. Thus consumers can use these services with the same confidence as they would have had in the neighbourhood pharmacist. But they must stay away from "rogue sites" that sell unapproved products or sidestep conventional procedures that safeguard the interests of consumers. Additionally, customers have difficulty knowing whether an Internet pharmacy is a legitimate operation

Man on a mission for waste to wealth transformation

Shri. Ramdas Tukaram Kokare, presently working as Chief Officer in Municipal Corporation, Karjat which has a total population of 30,000 and generates Class III Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) in the tune of 12 metric tonnes per day. Earlier during 2010 to 2015 he had served as Chief Officer at Municipal Corporation Dapoli, Maharashtra and during 2015-2017 he at Vengurla also in Maharashtra. In 2010, Shri Ramdas came up with the idea of waste management at the source level and decided to segregate plastic waste into recyclable and non-recyclable categories. Plastic carry bags of less than 50 micron thickness were in the non-recyclable category, while bottles, packaging material of food items and wrappers were to be recycled for further usage. Local self-help groups were roped in to produce paper bags and some awareness campaigns were organized

Estimation of stature from head circumference measurements in students of a tertiary care hospital

Background: The present study was undertaken to reconstruct stature in males and females by using head circumference as a parameter.Methods: There was paucity of students during the period of study due to unavailability of students owing to COVID restrictions on physical attendance to classes. Hence, sample size had to be curtailed to 251 students. Hence, the study was carried out on 251 medical students, 136 males, and 115 females in the department of forensic medicine and toxicology, Swami Ramanand Teerth Rural Government Medical College (SRTRGMCH), Ambajogai, Maharashtra, India. Measurements of head circumference and height were made directly on each subject. The data collected was subjected to statistical methods. The measured heights from the data for males, and females were regressed against the measured head circumference variables using linear regression analysis.Results: Highly significant correlation was found between height and head circumference. The equation relating stature to the head circumference was derived as stature, y=97.19+1.11 HC for females and y=88.77+1.45 HC for males. The above findings may hence provide reliable method of estimation of height from skeletal remains in the forensic setup.Conclusions: Head circumference can be used to estimate stature in Maharashtrian population using the regression equation with reasonable accuracy to estimate stature

Studies on citric acid production by Aspergillus niger in batch fermentation

Citric acid is one of the very important commercial product with constant demand in the market . Citric acid production by fungi have been reported by many workers since 1913.The present study focused on production of citric acid by Aspergillus niger  in batch fermentation. The maximum yield was found to be 1.5mg/ml