Автоматизированная система исследования демпфирующих свойств материалов

В статті описано розроблену систему дослідження демпфуючих характеристик матеріалів, що ґрунтується на методі резонансних кривих. Автоматизована система контролю демпфуючих властивостей матеріалів дозволяє визначати логарифмічний декремент затухання коливань, внутрішнє тертя, модуль пружності і швидкість звуку на малогабаритних зразках у формі диску. Призначена для визначення характеристик нових інструментальних та конструкційних матеріалів, а також для контролю деталей, що працюють в складних вібраційних умовах.The paper describes the developed system damping characteristics of materials research based on the method of resonance curves. The original method of determining the damping characteristics of materials. The proposed method relates to non-destructive methods of control, which allows non-destructive experimental research designs. This is particularly important in the control of high-superhard materials. The program Damping Properties 1.0, which allowed automate the process of calculating the damping characteristics of materials, thus improving the accuracy of the results and significantly reduce the time for processing experimental data. Automated control system damping properties can determine logarithmic decrement of vibrations, internal friction, elastic modulus and speed of sound in small samples in the form of disk. The system has been tested on a number of materials such as hard alloys, cubic boron nitride, TiNi, instrumental and structural ceramics and many others. Designed to characterize new materials, as well as control components operating in complex vibration conditions.В статье описана разработанная система исследования демпфирующих характеристик материалов, основанная на методе резонансных кривых. Автоматизированная система контроля демпфирующих свойств позволяет определять логарифмический декремент затухания колебаний, внутреннее трение, модуль упругости и скорость звука на малогабаритных образцах в форме диска. Система прошла апробацию на ряде материалов, таких как твердые сплавы, кубический нитрид бора, никелид титана, инструментальная и конструкционная керамики и многие другие. Предназначена для определения характеристик новых материалов, а также для контроля деталей, работающих в сложных вибрационных условиях

History of early life adversity is associated with increased food addiction and sex-specific alterations in reward network connectivity in obesity.

Background:Neuroimaging studies have identified obesity-related differences in the brain's resting state activity. An imbalance between homeostatic and reward aspects of ingestive behaviour may contribute to obesity and food addiction. The interactions between early life adversity (ELA), the reward network and food addiction were investigated to identify obesity and sex-related differences, which may drive obesity and food addiction. Methods:Functional resting state magnetic resonance imaging was acquired in 186 participants (high body mass index [BMI]: ≥25: 53 women and 54 men; normal BMI: 18.50-24.99: 49 women and 30 men). Participants completed questionnaires to assess ELA (Early Traumatic Inventory) and food addiction (Yale Food Addiction Scale). A tripartite network analysis based on graph theory was used to investigate the interaction between ELA, brain connectivity and food addiction. Interactions were determined by computing Spearman rank correlations, thresholded at q < 0.05 corrected for multiple comparisons. Results:Participants with high BMI demonstrate an association between ELA and food addiction, with reward regions playing a role in this interaction. Among women with high BMI, increased ELA was associated with increased centrality of reward and emotion regulation regions. Men with high BMI showed associations between ELA and food addiction with somatosensory regions playing a role in this interaction. Conclusions:The findings suggest that ELA may alter brain networks, leading to increased vulnerability for food addiction and obesity later in life. These alterations are sex specific and involve brain regions influenced by dopaminergic or serotonergic signalling

Как сохранить фертильность эякулята у больных туберкулезом предстательной железы

In order to develop and to test the technique of restoration/preservation of fertility in prostate tuberculosis patients and to evaluate its e_ciency the open prospective comparative randomized trial was conducted which included 72 prostate tuberculosis patients. The patients were divided into 2 groups: the main group (49 patients) who had standard etiotropic treatment with sperm-protecting therapy, including selzinc plus and chorionic gonadotropic hormone and the comparison group (23 persons), who received etiotropic treatment only. Anti-tuberculosis treatment provided the negative impact on the ejaculate in prostate tuberculosis patients: two month treatment with TB drugs promoted the reduction of sperm number by 23.9% and the number pf actively moving sperms reduced by 10.6%, and the number of normal sperms reduced by 32.3%. The administration of sperm-protecting therapy increased the number of sperms by 47.8%, the actively moving forms of sperms (totally Group A and B) – by 40.5%, and the forms of normal sperms – by 41.9%.С целью разработать и апробировать способ восстановления/сохранения фертильности больных туберкулезом предстательной железы (ТПЖ) и оценить его эффективность проведено открытое проспективное сравнительное рандомизированное исследование, в которое включили 72 больных ТПЖ. Пациентов разделили на 2 группы: основную (49 человек), которым проводили стандартное этиотропное лечение в комплексе со сперматопротективной терапией (СПТ), включавшей селцинк плюс и хорионический гонадотропин, и группу сравнения (23 человека), которые получали только этиотропное лечение. Противотуберкулезная химиотерапия оказала негативное влияние на эякулят у больных ТПЖ: двухмесячный прием препаратов способствовал сокращению числа сперматозоидов на 23,9%, на 10,6% уменьшилось число активно подвижных форм сперматозоидов, на 32,3% снизилось число нормальных спермиев. Проведение СПТ больным ТПЖ увеличило число сперматозоидов на 47,8%, активно-подвижных форм сперматозоидов (суммарно группы А и В) - на 40,5%, а также нормальных форм спермиев - на 41,9%

WAYS OF PROSTATE TUBERCULOSIS DETECTION

Prostate tuberculosis was confirmed by morphological testing during life time in 77% of those died of tuberculosis of any localization and in 28% of respiratory tuberculosis patients. Prostate tuberculosis occupies the important place from social and medical point of view, since it leads to infertility and sexual dysfunction and also it can be sexually transmitted. Detection structure of prostate tuberculosis has been analyzed for Novosibirsk Region

Significance of basic clinical tests changing after the Hypec procedure in patients with gastric cancer and some other tumors

Hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy is a popular method of palliative treatment in patients with malignant abdominal tumors. This review is devoted to trace changes in general clinical tests in patients with carcinomatosis. The patients were operated on at the Clinic of Reconstructive and Plastic Medicine of the Odessa National Medical University. All patients satisfactorily tolerated this procedure. The object of the study was to track those changes with patients that took place in the immediate (prior to discharge) postoperative period. 25 patients have recruited to the study. In the group changes in 11 basic clinical and laboratory parameters among those included were monitored in the study. Hemoglobin, leukocytes, platelets, total protein, bilirubin, serum glucose concentration, liver enzymes alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase levels, thymol test and coagulogram indices. Thus, the most significant indicators, such as the concentration of hemoglobin, leukocytes and platelets, have not undergone significant changes after HIPEC. Hemoglobin decreased by 6 units (g / l), the concentration of leukocytes, on the contrary, increased by 2 units (T/l), platelet levels dropped by 61 units (also G/l). The concentration of total protein decreased by 7 units. The concentration of total bilirubin practically did not change, decreasing by about 1 unit. Indicators of AST and ALT did not increase, decreasing by 8 and 3 units, respectively. The average concentration value of blood glucose level slightly increased by almost 1 unit. Thymol levels have not changed. The prothrombin index decreased by 3 units; the concentration of fibrinogen in serum remained at approximately the same level. HIPEC procedure does not significantly affect the clinical and laboratory parameters. However, the tendency of this category of patients to hypercoagulation, hypoproteinemia and hyperglucosemia was noted

CALCULATION OF BUILDINGS WITH COMPLEX GEOMETRIC SHAPES FOR WITHSTANDING WIND IMPACT

Objectives. The possibility of modeling wind flow during the design of buildings with complex geometric shapes in order to determine comfort parameters and zones is considered.Methods. The investigation of the impact of wind on a cylindrical building was carried out using Ansys 15.0 software.Results. A finite element model of a modern art museum building having a complex geometric shape is developed for the calculation of the wind flow and the definition of comfort zones. The computational region is chosen such that its borders do not affect the calculation results. The maximum wind speed is assumed to be 44 m/s at an altitude of 10 m from the ground level, this being the maximum in the region of Novorossiysk. The topography of the earth's surface around the model was considered flat. The surface of the building was assumed to be smooth while the surface of the surrounding terrain was assumed to be rough with a roughness parameter of 0,1 m. The parameters of the building orientation relative to the wind rise were varied during the numerical modeling. Three variants of computational models with varying building location and its geometric characteristics are developed. In the first variant, the building model is stretched along the X-axis; in the second variant, the acute angle of the building model's contour is oriented along the Y-axis; in the third variant, the building model is located and oriented along the Y-axis with its obtuse angle of the external contour of the building. The calculation results of a cylindrical building for wind impact correspond to SP 20.13330.2011. The comfort parameters and zones of a building having complex geometric shape are defined by means of numerical modeling of the wind flow. The discrepancy between the object's normative characteristics and the research results is revealed during the calculation of the wind load.Conclusion. The recommendations are given for choosing the optimal location of the museum building, taking into account the comfort parameters and the greatest wind pressure; the geometric shape of the outer contour affects the location of the zones of reduced comfort; a sharp change in the boundaries of the outer contour leads to the appearance of increased pressure and wind speed and, as a consequence, a change in the direction of the vortex flows; it is necessary to apply the finite element method when modeling the wind impact for buildings of complex geometric shapes; sudden changes in the object's contour should be avoided when designing buildings and structures

Pararenalfat Tissue: Rate of Pararenal Obesity and Relation with Anthropometric Indices of Obesity

Aim. To study a rate of excessive pararenal fat tissue (PRFT) thickness and its relationship with anthropometric obesity indices.Material and methods. 372 patients (152 men and 220 women) were included in the study, the average age was 63.5±13.3 years. There were measured: height, weight, waist circumference (WC), hip circumference (HC), body mass index (BMI), WC/height ratio, sagittal abdominal diameter (SAD), body fat percentage (BFP), body surface area (BSA), body adiposity index (BAI) and visceral obesity index (VAI). All subjects underwent abdominal multispiral computed tomography. PRFT thickness was detected on a single slice at the level of the left renal vein.Results. 27% of the examined group had BMI<25 kg/m2, 28% – excessive body mass, 45% – obesity. The median PRFT thickness was 1.61 (1.03; 2.46) cm. There were correlations between PRFT thickness and glucose (r=0,64, p<0,05) and uric acid (r=0,46, p<0,05) levels. The threshold of referential PRFT thickness was 1,91cm. The rate of pararenal obesity was 9,9% among those with normal body mass, 29,3% in excessive body mass, 66,1% – in 1 class obesity, 67,7% – in 2 class, and 90,1% – in 3 class. The correlation analysis revealed a significant positive correlation between the PRFT thickness and obesity indices with exception of VAI and BAI: with BMI (r=0.43, p<0.05), WC (r=0.57, p<0.05), SAD (r=0.58, p<0.05), BFP (r=0.48, p<0.05), WC/height ratio (r=0.46, p<0.05), and BSA (r=0.58, p<0.05).Conclusion. Excessive PRFT may be detected isolated without any external anthropometric signs of obesity, wherein it is an active component of metabolic disorders typical for obesity. The most significant indices for the detection of pararenal obesity may be WC, SAD, and BSA

Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Patient Preferences and Decision Making for Symptomatic Urolithiasis

Background: Pandemic restrictions have changed how patients approach symptomatic kidney stones. We used a mixed-methods digital ethnographic approach to evaluate social media discussions about patient concerns and preferences for urolithiasis care during the COVID-19 pandemic. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively analyzed kidney stone-related discussions on a large social media platform using qualitative analysis and natural language processing-based sentiment analysis. Posts were mined for demographic details, treatments pursued, and health care encounters. Pre-COVID-19 (January 1, 2020-February 29, 2020) and COVID-19 (March 1, 2020-June 1, 2020) posts were extracted from the popular online Reddit discussion board, r/KidneyStones, which is dedicated to discussions related to urolithiasis. Results: We extracted n = 649 posts (250 pre-COVID-19, 399 COVID-19); 150 from each cohort underwent thematic analysis and data extraction. Quantitative sentiment analysis was performed on 418 posts (179 pre-COVID-19, 239 COVID-19) that described stone-related decision making before intervention. Notable discussion themes during COVID-19 focused on barriers to care and concerns about stone management. Discussants exhibited more negative and anxious tones during COVID-19, based on sentiment analysis (p \u3c 0.01). Patient preferences shifted away from in-person visits and procedures (p \u3c 0.001). Mean reported stone size among those visiting emergency room (ER) increased from 5.1 to 10.5 mm (p \u3c 0.001). The proportion of discussants preferring conservative management with stones ≥10 mm increased (12.5% pre-COVID-19 vs 26% during COVID-19, p = 0.002). Opioid mentions increased from 9% to 27% of posts (p \u3c 0.001) and were most associated with conservative management discussions. Conclusions: Online discussion forums provide contemporaneous insight into patients\u27 experiences during a time when traditional patient-centered research methodologies are limited due to social distancing. During the pandemic, patients with symptomatic kidney stones expressed anxiety regarding outpatient encounters and reluctance toward procedural intervention. Patients opted instead for at-home conservative treatment beyond clinical guidelines and reserved ER visits for larger stones, potentially causing self-harm. Opioid discussions proliferated, an alarming consequence of the pandemic

ПУТИ ВЫЯВЛЕНИЯ ТУБЕРКУЛЕЗА ПРЕДСТАТЕЛЬНОЙ ЖЕЛЕЗЫ

Prostate tuberculosis was confirmed by morphological testing during life time in 77% of those died of tuberculosis of any localization and in 28% of respiratory tuberculosis patients. Prostate tuberculosis occupies the important place from social and medical point of view, since it leads to infertility and sexual dysfunction and also it can be sexually transmitted. Detection structure of prostate tuberculosis has been analyzed for Novosibirsk Region.У 77% больных, умерших от туберкулеза всех локализаций, и у 28% больных туберкулезом органов дыхания прижизненно подтвержден туберкулез простаты при морфологическом исследовании. Туберкулез простаты имеет важное социальное и медицинское значение, поскольку приводит к бесплодию и сексуальной дисфункции, а также может передаваться половым путем. Проведен анализ структуры выявления туберкулеза предстательной железы в Новосибирской области