Features of disease course of some forms of herpesvirus infection

Among the many factors that directly affect the immune system, infections caused by the herpes virus deserve special attention. In recent years, there has been an increase in the number of patients suffering from chronic recurrent herpesvirus infections, which in many cases are accompanied by severe general malaise and a number of therapeutic complaints. Today about 80-95% of the population is infected with Epstein-Barr virus EBV. Primary infection of EBV leads to lifelong persistence of the pathogen with possible periodic reactivation under the action of various immunosuppressive factors, which leads to chronic forms of the disease. EBV can cause chronic manifest and erased forms of the disease, running on the type of chronic mononucleosis. Thus, the study of the nature of clinical and laboratory changes in patients with chronic EBV infection and the peculiarities of the disease is an urgent problem of our time. The aim of this work was to study the features of the course of chronic EBV infection. We performed a comprehensive clinical and laboratory examination of 128 patients with chronic EBV infection (reactivation period). The diagnosis of chronic EBV infection was established on the basis of medical history, complaints, the presence of specific antibodies to EBV antigens and the detection of virus DNA in the blood. Studies of clinical blood tests of patients with chronic EBV infection and the control group showed differences. Thus, in patients with chronic EBV infection, a significantly elevated ESR level was found - 12.6 ± 1.8 versus 4.5 ± 1.1 inthe control group (p <0.05). The levels of erythrocytes, hemoglobin and platelets did not differ significantly from the control group. In patients with chronic EBV infection, there was a decrease in the level of leukocytes (5.13 ± 0.22) x 109/ l against (6.20 ± 1.8) x 109/l in the control group (p> 0.05), but these changes did not go beyond the norms established for healthy people. Analysis of the leukocyte formula revealed the presence of patients with chronic WEB infection with a significant increase in the relative content of lymphocytes - 42.50 ± 2.0% against 33.70 ± 2.68% (p <0.05) and monocytes - 11.15 ± 0.9% vs. 3.0 ± 0.6% (p <0.05), which was the basis for confirming the presence of a chronic infectious process. In general, 94.8% of patients with chronic EBV infection had lymphocytosis and 82.5% had monocytosis. The relative number of neutrophils in patients with chronic WEB infection averaged 45.35 ± 4.1% against 61.7 ± 3.8% in the control group (p <0.05); the relative number of eosinophils and basophils was within normal limits. When studying the absolute number of lymphocytes and monocytes in patients with chronic EBV infection, there was a tendency to increase them and their level was on average (2.13 ± 0.7) x 109/ l and (0.51 ± 0.08) x 109/ l against (2.39 ± 0.7) x 109/ l and (0.47 ± 0.08) x 109/ l in the control group (p> 0.05). The absolute number of neutrophils in patients with chronic WEB infection was significantly lower than in the control group and was 2.70 x 109/ l versus 4.21 x 109/ l (p <0.05). The study of the absolute number of eosinophils and basophils in patients with chronic EBV infection did not reveal statistically significant differences compared with the control group. Thus, according to the results of our study, we found that patients with chronic EBV infection among the clinical manifestations were most often chronic tonsillitis, chronic fatigue syndrome and peripheral lymphadenopathy. Analysis of the results of laboratory studies revealed a significant increase in ESR, relative lymphocytes and monocytes, as well as a decrease in absolute and relative neutrophils, compared with the control group of patients, indicating a shift in white blood cell count, characteristic of the viral etiology of the disease what associated with the EBV.DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.403896

Additional visits as a factor determining the psychoemotional status of a dentist and a patient requiring endodontic treatment

The possibility of achieving effective communication that optimizes interpersonal relations between the doctor and the patient along with the formation of manual skills is one of the most important aspects of dental education. The paper presents the results of the survey of 58 second-year resident physicians and 64 dentists with more than 5 years of work experienc

Anosognosia in patients with acute hemispheric ischemic stroke

Objective: to investigate the frequency of anosognosia (a deficit of self-awareness), its anatomic correlates associated with other neuropsychological and neurological disorders in acute hemispheric ischemic stroke (IS).Patients and methods 150 patients (83 men and 67 women; mean age, 63.0±9.3 years) with acute hemispheric IS were examined. All the patients underwent neurological, neuroimaging, and neuropsychological (by the procedure described by A.R. Luria) examinations. neuropsychological investigations. Anosognosia was diagnosed using the Dysexecutive Questionnaire (DEX) and the authors' procedure involving a scale to measure impaired self-rating of motor abilities and a scale to measure impaired self-rating of cognitive abilities in everyday life.Results and discussion. In the acute period of hemispheric IS, reduced self-awareness of motor and cognitive abilities was noted in 14% of the patients and unawareness of only cognitive abilities was recorded in 15%. Patients with anosognosia and cognitive dysfunction (ACD) and those with anosognosia and motor dysfunction (AMD) had right-sided hemispheric IS more frequently (76%) while this was not found in patients with isolated ACD. The development of anosognosia for paralysis and paresis was favored by the large sizes of an ischemic focus that involved a few lobes in the posterior regions of the brain although no lesions were found in the anosognosia-specific anatomical regions. ACD and AMD proved to be associated with unilateral spatial and tactile neglect and obvious regulatory dysfunction

Fast-track referral for health interventions during pregnancy: study protocol of a randomised pragmatic experimental study to reduce low birth weight in Portugal (STOP LBW)

Introduction Low birth weight (LBW) is associated with a wide range of short-term and long-term consequences and is related to maternal psychosocial and behavioural determinants. The objective of this study is to estimate the effect of implementing fast-track referral for early intervention on psychosocial and behavioural risk factors—smoking, alcohol consumption, depression and physical violence—in reducing the incidence of LBW. Methods and analysis Parallel superiority pragmatic clinical trial randomised by clusters. Primary healthcare units (PHCU) located in Portugal will be randomised (1:1) to intervention or control groups. Pregnant women over 18 years of age attending these PHCU will be eligible to the study. Risk factors will be assessed through face-to-face interviews. In the intervention group, women who report at least one risk factor will have immediate access to referral services. The comparison group will be the local standard of care for these risk factors. We will use intention-to-treat analyses to compare intervention and control groups. We estimated a sample size of 2832 pregnant women to detect a 30% reduction in the incidence rate of LBW between the control and intervention groups. Secondary outcomes are the reduction of preterm births, reduction of the four risk factors and acceptance of the intervention. Ethics and dissemination The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Public Health Institute of the University of Porto (no CE20140). The findings will be disseminated to the public, the funders, health professionals, health managers and other researchers.This project was funded by the Calouste Gulbenkian Foundation under the Knowledge Challenge 'The Importance of the Right Weight at Birth'. Sponsor contact information: HB. ISPUP. [email protected]

Soliton absorption spectroscopy

We analyze optical soliton propagation in the presence of weak absorption lines with much narrower linewidths as compared to the soliton spectrum width using the novel perturbation analysis technique based on an integral representation in the spectral domain. The stable soliton acquires spectral modulation that follows the associated index of refraction of the absorber. The model can be applied to ordinary soliton propagation and to an absorber inside a passively modelocked laser. In the latter case, a comparison with water vapor absorption in a femtosecond Cr:ZnSe laser yields a very good agreement with experiment. Compared to the conventional absorption measurement in a cell of the same length, the signal is increased by an order of magnitude. The obtained analytical expressions allow further improving of the sensitivity and spectroscopic accuracy making the soliton absorption spectroscopy a promising novel measurement technique.Comment: 9 pages, 7 figures

Statistical analysis of the factors of information society development in the Russian Federation

The article summarises the system of indicators characterising the development of the information society. A generalising characteristic of the subjects of the Russian Federation was given for each of the 23 indicators, which made it possible to identify regions with different fluctuations of the trait. All indicators have been formed into four factors: human capital, innovation potential, information and communication infrastructure and access, and the economic environment. According to the indicators included in each group, the corresponding subindexes have been calculated. Ratings of regions according to the value of sub-indices have been compiled. Based on the values of the sub-indices, the integral indicator characterising the development of the information society has been calculated. The leading and lagging subjects of the Russian Federation in terms of its significance have been identified. In order to identify regions that are homogeneous in terms of the level of development of the information society, their grouping has been carried out

Competence analysis of artificial intelligence professionals

In the conditions of digitalisation, it is necessary to have the appropriate skills. Therefore, many applicants choose occupations in which information technology (IT) and programming knowledge is predominant. Comprehensive measures for preparing graduates in the context of digitalisation cover the formation of appropriate educational programmes. The aim of the study is to provide recommendations for improving the educational process in the field of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning based on comparing various programmes affecting the training of professionals in this field. The research uses the following methods. First, it is a sample survey, due to which 4 Russian universities that provide training in programmes in IT, are selected. Second, this is grouping and typology of basic educational curricula, professional standards and disciplines, due to which appropriate typological groupings, are constructed. That allows specifying requirements for knowledge, skills, and abilities necessary for specialists in the field of AI. A comparative analysis of professional standards taking into account the work of a modern specialist with digital skills has been carried out. The competence approach in the educational process has been defined, and the need for a professional standard for IT specialists has been identified. Based on the results obtained, recommendations have been prepared on the basic disciplines that need to be included in the educational programmes of universities to prepare competitive graduates

Reaction of l, 2-diphenyl-4-benzal-3,5-pyrazolidinedinone with trimethyl phosphite and tri(dimethylamino)phosphine

1. Trimethyl phosphite reacts with 1,2-diphenyl-4-benzal-3,5-pyrazolidinedione via the step of the bipolar ion with the formation of the methyl ether of the enolic form of the dimethyl ester of 1, 2-diphenyl-3,5-pyrazolidinedione-4-benzylphosphonic acid. 2. The reaction of tri(dimethylamino)phosphine with 1,2-diphenyl-4-benzal-3,5-pyrazolidinedione gave a stable adduct (1:1), which has the structure of the bipolar ion with a P-C bond. © 1974 Consultants Bureau

Interaction of 2-benzylidenindandione-1,3;2-benzylidene-3(2h)-thionaphthenone-1,1-dioxide, and benzalbindone with trimethyl phosphite and tri-(dimethylamino)phosphine

1. In the absence of moisture trimethyl phosphite is added to benzalbindone in CH2C12 solution at the benzylidene double bond, forming a (1:1) adduct with bipolar structure, which isomerizes to the methyl ether of the enol form of the dimethyl ester of bindonylbenzylphosphinic acid (III). The latter is also formed when the reaction is conducted in the absence of a solvent at room temperature. 2. In the interaction of trimethyl phosphite with benzalbindone in the presence of glacial acetic acid, the dimethyl ester of bindonylbenzylphosphinic acid is formed. 3. In the interaction of tri(dimethylamino)phosphine with benzalbindone, 2-benzylidenindandione-1,3, and 2-benzylidene-3(2H)-thionaphthenone-1,1-dioxide, crystalline (1:1) adducts were obtained, possessing the structure of bipolar ions with a P-C bond. 4. The structures of all the products obtained were confirmed by the IR spectra and the data on the chemical shifts of the phosphorus nucleus. © 1970 Consultants Bureau

Implementation of digital competencies in higher education educational programs in Russia

In the context of digitalisation, the transformation of the educational process is inevitable and is a priority issue for any country that wants to maintain or improve its position on the world stage. The article presents a comparative analysis of digital competencies and the possibility of their implementation in the higher education system in Russia. The comparison of the formulated competencies in the methodology approved by the Order of the Ministry of Economic Development of the Russian Federation No. 41 dated January 24, 2020, as well as the International Telecommunication Union and other European organisations is considered. The descriptors (knowledge, skills and abilities) of graduates in various fields who, in the era of digitalisation, must have the necessary digital competencies are identified. Today, professional standards, even in the humanities, define the requirements for technical and computer skills. The article proposes formulations of universal competencies in the higher education system based on the analysis