7,257 research outputs found
Vibrating Winding Branes, Wrapping Democracy and Stabilization of Extra Dimensions in Dilaton Gravity
We show that, in the context of dilaton gravity, a recently proposed
democratic principle for intersection possibilities of branes winding around
extra dimensions yield stabilization, even with the inclusion of momentum modes
of the wrapped branes on top of the winding modes. The constraints for
stabilization massaged by string theory inputs forces the number of observed
dimensions to be three. We also discuss consequences of adding ordinary matter
living in the observed dimensions.Comment: Added a section discussing the linear and non-linear stability of the
equilibrium point of the scale factors of the extra dimensions. Corrected a
typo in the original field equations and other typos. Added and changed
references. Final version appeared in JHE
Target space duality and moduli stabilization in String Gas Cosmology
Motivated by string gas cosmology, we investigate the stability of moduli
fields coming from compactifications of string gas on torus with background
flux. It was previously claimed that moduli are stabilized only at a single
fixed point in moduli space, a self-dual point of T-duality with vanishing
flux. Here, we show that there exist other stable fixed points on moduli space
with non-vanishing flux. We also discuss the more general target space
dualities associated with these fixed points.Comment: 12 pages, 1 figur
The Cosmology of Massless String Modes
We consider the spacetime dynamics of a gas of closed strings in the context
of General Relativity in a background of arbitrary spatial dimensions. Our
motivation is primarily late time String Gas Cosmology, where such a spacetime
picture has to emerge after the dilaton has stabilized. We find that after
accounting for the thermodynamics of a gas of strings, only string modes which
are massless at the self-dual radius are relevant, and that they lead to a
dynamics which is qualitatively different from that induced by the modes
usually considered in the literature. In the context of an ansatz with three
large spatial dimensions and an arbitrary number of small extra dimensions, we
obtain isotropic stabilization of these extra dimensions at the self-dual
radius. This stabilization occurs for fixed dilaton, and is induced by the
special string states we focus on. The three large dimensions undergo a regular
Friedmann-Robertson-Walker expansion. We also show that this framework for
late-time cosmology is consistent with observational bounds.Comment: 15 pages, no figures, references added (again
Wall influence on dynamics of a microbubble
The nonlinear dynamic behaviour of microscopic bubbles near a wall is
investigated. The Keller-Miksis-Parlitz equation is adopted, but modified to
account for the presence of the wall. This base model describes the time
evolution of the bubble surface, which is assumed to remain spherical, and
accounts for the effect of acoustic radiation losses owing to liquid
compressibility in the momentum conservation. Two situations are considered:
the base case of an isolated bubble in an unbounded medium; and a bubble near a
solid wall. In the latter case, the wall influence is modeled by including a
symmetrically oscillating image bubble. The bubble dynamics is traced using a
numerical solution of the model equation. Subsequently, Floquet theory is used
to accurately detect the bifurcation point where bubble oscillations stop
following the driving ultrasound frequency and undergo period-changing
bifurcations. Of particular interest is the detection of the subcritical period
tripling and quadrupling transition. The parametric bifurcation maps are
obtained as functions of non-dimensional parameters representing the bubble
radius, the frequency and pressure amplitude of the driving ultrasound field
and the distance from the wall. It is shown that the presence of the wall
generally stabilises the bubble dynamics, so that much larger values of the
pressure amplitude are needed to generate nonlinear responses.Comment: 25 pages, 14 figure
Two phase detonation studies
An experimental study of the passage of a shock wave over a burning fuel drop is described. This includes high speed framing photographs of the interaction taken at 500,000 frames per second. A theoretical prediction of the ignition of a fuel drop by a shock wave is presented and the results compared with earlier experimental work. Experimental attempts to generate a detonation in a liquid fuel drop (kerosene)-liquid oxidizer drop (hydrogen peroxide)-inert gas-environment are described. An appendix is included which gives the analytical prediction of power requirements for the drop generator to produce certain size drops at a certain mass rate. A bibliography is also included which lists all of the publications resulting from this research grant
Current trends in highly active anti-retroviral therapy in an anti-retroviral therapy centre attached to a remote government medical college of Maharashtra, India: a retrospective study
Background: Highly active anti-retroviral therapy (HAART) became the keystone of national AIDS program. There is lack of awareness and inadequate training about drug safety monitoring among health care professionals in India. Hence, the present study was carried out to study current trends in HAART and pattern of associated adverse drug reactions.Methods: A retrospective observational study was conducted at an anti-retroviral therapy (ART) Centre. A total of 151 HIV/AIDS Patients (old and new cases) receiving HAART during July 2015 to December 2015 were randomly included in the study. Causality and severity assessment of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) was done by using Naranjo’s ADR causality scale and modified Hartwig and Siegel scale respectively. The data was computed using MS Excel and descriptive results were expressed as counts and percentages. The study was approved by institutional ethics committee.Results: The prevalence of HIV/AIDS infection was higher in adult males (51.66%). Zidovudine+lamivudine+nevirapine (ZLN) was the most commonly prescribed HAART combination. Out of 132 ADRs reported, 76.52% of the ADRs were related to haematological system and ZLN was the commonest combination causing ADRs. 90.91% ADRs belong to possible category on causality assessment and 68.94% of the ADRs were of moderate severity. Tuberculosis (28.47%) was the commonest diagnosed opportunistic infection among the HIV/AIDS patients.Conclusions: The prescribing pattern of HAART regimens was in accordance with national guidelines for antiretroviral therapy. We recommend a pharmacovigilance system for sustainable management of ADRs in HIV/AIDS patients as we found under reporting of ADRs
Study of current prescribing pattern of antimicrobial drugs in indoor cases of enteric fever in a tertiary care hospital
Background: Rational antibiotic prescription is very important to prevent antimicrobial resistance. Hence the present study was conducted to evaluate the prescribing pattern of antimicrobial drugs in indoor enteric fever patients of medicine and paediatric department of a tertiary care hospital.Methods: A retrospective study of 2 months duration was undertaken during July and August of 2015. A total number of 97 enteric fever patients’ case sheets were utilized for our study from medicine and paediatric in-patients department of a tertiary care hospital. The data was analysed and results were expressed as percentage.Results: Out of 97 enteric fever patients, 54.64% were females. 13.4% of paediatric population were suffered because of enteric fever. The incidence of enteric fever was 74.23% in 13-40 years. Most commonly prescribed antimicrobials were 3rd generation cephalosporins and fluoroquinolones. 43.30% patients received more than one antibiotic. Antimalarials chloroquine, artemisinin derivatives and metronidazole were other drugs prescribed to enteric fever patients concurrently for associated clinical conditions.Conclusions: Interventional programme should focus on the use of rational antibiotic prescription aimed at minimizing unnecessary cost, adverse drug reactions and emergence of bacterial resistance
T and S dualities and The cosmological evolution of the dilaton and the scale factors
Cosmologically stabilizing radion along with the dilaton is one of the major
concerns of low energy string theory. One can hope that T and S dualities can
provide a plausible answer. In this work we study the impact of S and T duality
invariances on dilaton gravity. We have shown various instances where
physically interesting models arise as a result of imposing the mentioned
invariances. In particular S duality has a very privileged effect in that the
dilaton equations partially decouple from the evolution of the scale factors.
This makes it easy to understand the general rules for the stabilization of the
dilaton. We also show that certain T duality invariant actions become S duality
invariance compatible. That is they mimic S duality when extra dimensions
stabilize.Comment: Corrected a misleading interpretation of the S duality transformation
and a wrong comment on d=10. I thank A.Kaya for pointing this out to me in
time. So the new version is dealing with d=10 only. Added references and
corrected some typos. Minor re-editing. Omitted a section for elaboration in
a further study. Corrected further typo
Prescription pattern in indoor patients of cardiovascular diseases: a descriptive study in a tertiary care hospital attached to a government medical college
Background: In India, one of the leading causes of death is cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). The study of prescription pattern ensures rational pharmacotherapy and assures quality medical care to the patients. Hence the present study was conducted to observe the prescription pattern of drugs among the indoor patients of cardiovascular diseases in a tertiary care hospital attached to a Government Medical college.Methods: A retrospective observational study of 9 month duration was undertaken from January- September 2015. A total number of 113 indoor cardiovascular disease patients’ case sheets were utilized for our study from medicine and ICCU department of a tertiary care hospital. The data was analysed and the results were expressed as counts and percentage.Results: Of 113 patients, most of the patients were of the age group of 56-65 years (40.71%). The prevalence of CVDs was higher in females (56.64%) than males (43.36%). Hypertension (58.41%) and Ischemic heart disease (41.59%) were found to be predominant CVDs. Nifedipine (53.10%), Atenolol (31.86%), Isosorbide dinitrate (40.71%), Atorvastatin (53.10%) were the most commonly prescribed cardiovascular drugs. Aspirin and Clopidogrel combination was prescribed in 46.90% of CVD patients. The average number of drugs per prescription was 6.53.Conclusions: The present study shows that most of drugs were prescribed rationally according to the current treatment guidelines except the under use of ACEIs and ARBs in hypertensive diabetes mellitus patients. Standard treatment guidelines should be circulated among practicing physicians to encourage rational prescription
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