Chelate complexes of malic or citric acids with iron, manganese and zinc as a biologically active supplement for broiler chicken diet

The aim of the present study was to define the effects of the various doses of biologically active supplement, which was consisted of iron, manganese, zinc malates and citrates, on muscle mass formation, blood morphological composition and protein metabolism in broiler chickens during the entire period of their growth. It is shown, that chelate complexes of the life-critical trance elements stimulated muscle mass accumulation, which was associated with more efficient expenditure of amino acids for protein biosynthesis in myocytes. Researched morphological blood parameters were within the normal range for broiler chickens. From the physiological and biochemical point of view, the using of citrate malates is preferable to citrate

Tissue-selective expression of a conditionally-active ROCK2-estrogen receptor fusion protein

The serine/threonine kinases ROCK1 and ROCK2 are central mediators of actomyosin contractile force generation that act downstream of the RhoA small GTP-binding protein. As a result, they have key roles in regulating cell morphology and proliferation, and have been implicated in numerous pathological conditions and diseases including hypertension and cancer. Here we describe the generation of a gene-targeted mouse line that enables CRE-inducible expression of a conditionally-active fusion between the ROCK2 kinase domain and the hormone-binding domain of a mutated estrogen receptor (ROCK2:ER). This two-stage system of regulation allows for tissue-selective expression of the ROCK2:ER fusion protein, which then requires administration of estrogen analogues such as tamoxifen or 4-hydroxytamoxifen to elicit kinase activity. This conditional gain-of-function system was validated in multiple tissues by crossing with mice expressing CRE recombinase under the transcriptional control of cytokeratin14 (K14), murine mammary tumor virus (MMTV) or cytochrome P450 Cyp1A1 (Ah) promoters, driving appropriate expression in the epidermis, mammary or intestinal epithelia respectively. Given the interest in ROCK signaling in normal physiology and disease, this mouse line will facilitate research into the consequences of ROCK activation that could be used to complement conditional knockout models

Kinematic Viscosity of Melt Prepared from an Amorphous Fe72.5Cu1Nb2Mo1.5Si14B9Ribbon

In this work, the viscosity of a melt prepared by melting an amorphous ribbon of Fe72.5Cu1Nb2Mo1.5Si14B9 alloy was studied. The amorphous ribbon was produced by rapid quenching of the melt, which was preheated at a temperature above (overheated mode) and below (not overheated mode) critical temperature Tk . A hysteresis loop was found in the temperature dependence of viscosity, the widest part of which falls on a temperature from 1670 K to Tk = 1760 K. In this temperature range, the melt has the highest activation energy and the largest cluster size. It has been proven that the melt viscosity increases with decreasing cluster size. In the low-temperature region, an overheated melt has the highest viscosity and the smallest cluster size comparable to the atomic size. It is shown that the heredity of the structure is preserved in the melt from the amorphous ribbon despite a number of structural transitions. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd

INTERRELATION BETWEEN LUNGS FUNCTiONAL PARAMETERS AND CONDiTiON OF BONE TISSUE AT THE TERMINAL PULMONARY PATHOLOGY

The aim of this study was to evaluate the condition of mineral density of bone tissue at the terminal pulmonary pathology, to determine correlations between lungs functional parameters and. pre-transplantation bone mass. Materials and methods: we realized retrospective analysis of 74 case histories of patients with terminal pulmonary pathology, waiting for lung transplantation. MDBT in lumbar segment of spine (L2—L4) and. femoral neck (FN) was evaluated, with help of double-energy X-ray absorptiometry (Hologic). Function of external respiration was researched, gasometry and 6-minutes walking test were realized, in all the patients. Results: osteopenic syndrome in any zone of interest was registered in 69 % of patients. Normal indices of MDBT both in L2—L4 and. in FN were registered only in 11 % of patients. On our data the indices of T-criterion (both, in L2—L4 and. in FN) had. direct relation with, body weight index (BWI) and. total fatty mass. Direct correlation between MDBT, volume of forced expiration for 1 second. (FEV) (r = 0,49, p < 0,05 in L2—L4 and. r = 0,52, p < 0,05 in FN) and. indirect correlation with, total lungs capacity (TLC) (r = —0,53, p < 0,01) with residual lungs volume (RV) (r = —0,48, p < 0,05) only in FN. We revealed, reliable negative interrelation, of MDBT only with pCO2 of arterial blood (r = —0,54, p < 0,01 in L2—L4 and r = —0,48, p < 0,05 in FN). There were no reliable correlation between DLCO, 6-minutes walking test and. MDBT both in L2—L4 and. in FN. 11% of patients had. atraumatic fractures of different localization. Conclusion: thus, osteoporosis is sufficiently frequent system, manifestation, in patients with, different terminal pulmonary pathology in pre-transplantation period. Worsening of lungs functional parameters, low BWI and. decrease of total fatty mass can be strong predictors of osteoporosis at the serious respiratory pathology

Economic tools for realization of methane production project on Kuzbass coal deposits

Environmental issues and, above all, issues related to the release of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere, such as coal bed methane, actualize the challenge of searching a variety of options for its disposal. The difference in the macroeconomic, industrial, geological and infrastructural features determine the need to choose the most cost-effective option for using of methane emitted from the coal deposits. Various economic ways to improve the profitability of production are viewed on the basis of the analysis of methane production project from Kuzbass coal deposits, Kemerovo region, Russia

Composition and micromechanical properties of the femoral neck compact bone in relation to patient age, sex and hip fracture occurrence

Current clinical methods of bone health assessment depend to a great extent on bone mineral density (BMD) measurements. However, these methods only act as a proxy for bone strength and are often only carried out after the fracture occurs. Besides BMD, composition and tissue-level mechanical properties are expected to affect the whole bone's strength and toughness. While the elastic properties of the bone extracellular matrix (ECM) have been extensively investigated over the past two decades, there is still limited knowledge of the yield properties and their relationship to composition and architecture. In the present study, morphological, compositional and micropillar compression bone data was collected from patients who underwent hip arthroplasty. Femoral neck samples from 42 patients were collected together with anonymous clinical information about age, sex and primary diagnosis (coxarthrosis or hip fracture). The femoral neck cortex from the inferomedial region was analyzed in a site-matched manner using a combination of micromechanical testing (nanoindentation, micropillar compression) together with micro-CT and quantitative polarized Raman spectroscopy for both morphological and compositional characterization. Mechanical properties, as well as the sample-level mineral density, were constant over age. Only compositional properties demonstrate weak dependence on patient age: decreasing mineral to matrix ratio (p = 0.02, R2 = 0.13, 2.6 % per decade) and increasing amide I sub-peak ratio I~1660/I~1683 (p = 0.04, R2 = 0.11, 1.5 % per decade). The patient's sex and diagnosis did not seem to influence investigated bone properties. A clear zonal dependence between interstitial and osteonal cortical zones was observed for compositional and elastic bone properties (p  200). The proposed classification algorithm together with the output database of bone tissue properties can be used for the future comparison of existing methods to evaluate bone quality as well as to form a better understanding of the mechanisms through which bone tissue is affected by aging or disease