Minimally Invasive Urological Interventions in Outpatient Clinic on the Example of Prostate Biopsy

One of the main directions of improving medical care was the introduction of inpatient forms of medical care for patients who do not require round-the-clock supervision.Aim of the research: to prove the effectiveness and economic feasibility of minimally invasive procedures in outpatient conditions.Materials and methods. The study included 3524 patients in the period from 2010 to 2017, who underwent transrectal prostate biopsy on the basis of the Department of urology of polyclinic No. 195 of the Western district of Moscow. For comparison, the patients were taken, who underwent a biopsy of the prostate gland at the base hospital No. 31, No. 51, No. 17.Results. The average number of biopsies performed in hospital No. 31, No. 51 and No. 17 for the year amounted to 344 biopsies, and the average detectability of prostate cancer was 142 (41.3 %). The average number of biopsies per year in the urology department of the branch number 2 GP No. 195 amounted to 440.5, and the average detectability of prostate cancer – 152.8 (34.7 %). Thus, with comparable inpatient detection of prostate cancer in one large outpatient urology center, an average of 28 % more biopsies are performed (440.5 versus 344) than in 3 hospitals over a comparable period of time.Conclusions. Inpatient technologies can reduce the burden on hospitals. The development of hospital-replacing forms is determined by the need of the population and for efficient use of financial and technical resources of health care

Orbital structure of a meteoric complex in a vicinity of the Earth's orbit by Kazan meteor radar. Types of meteor orbits

© 2018 Elsevier Ltd The orbital structure of a meteoric complex in a vicinity of the Earth's orbit is substantially defined by conditions of its observation from the Earth. Orientation of aerials of Kazan meteor radar varied each 15 min to the North, East, South and West – the directions to provide the maximal review of northern celestial hemisphere together with the Earth's rotation. Nevertheless, the antiapex area of celestial sphere was practically inaccessible due to influence of the physical factor of small radar sensitivity to meteors with velocities less than 18 km/s. On the contrary, the meteor streams in which movements are backward compared to the Earth's movement, are quite observationally accessible. In the given work, the data of meteor radar observation from August to November of 1986 are resulted. The conditions of observation have defined some types of orbits: internal orbits with aphelion distance Q∼1 AU and with a wide spectrum of perihelion distances and external orbits with perihelion distance q∼1 AU and with a wide spectrum of aphelion distances. The majority of all observed orbits are close to circular orbits for which Q∼1 AU and q∼1 AU. Three-dimensional maps of meteor microstream distribution and numbers of meteors in them by perihelion, by aphelion distances and by inclinations are constructed. Orbital parameters of the most significant meteor streams that have been found out are presented

Orbital structure of a meteoric complex in a vicinity of the Earth's orbit by Kazan meteor radar. Types of meteor orbits

© 2018 Elsevier Ltd The orbital structure of a meteoric complex in a vicinity of the Earth's orbit is substantially defined by conditions of its observation from the Earth. Orientation of aerials of Kazan meteor radar varied each 15 min to the North, East, South and West – the directions to provide the maximal review of northern celestial hemisphere together with the Earth's rotation. Nevertheless, the antiapex area of celestial sphere was practically inaccessible due to influence of the physical factor of small radar sensitivity to meteors with velocities less than 18 km/s. On the contrary, the meteor streams in which movements are backward compared to the Earth's movement, are quite observationally accessible. In the given work, the data of meteor radar observation from August to November of 1986 are resulted. The conditions of observation have defined some types of orbits: internal orbits with aphelion distance Q∼1 AU and with a wide spectrum of perihelion distances and external orbits with perihelion distance q∼1 AU and with a wide spectrum of aphelion distances. The majority of all observed orbits are close to circular orbits for which Q∼1 AU and q∼1 AU. Three-dimensional maps of meteor microstream distribution and numbers of meteors in them by perihelion, by aphelion distances and by inclinations are constructed. Orbital parameters of the most significant meteor streams that have been found out are presented

Pediatric encephalopathy: cinical, biochemical and cellular insights into the role of Gln52 of GNAO1 and GNAI1 for the dominant disease

Heterotrimeric G proteins are immediate transducers of G protein-coupled receptors—the biggest receptor family in metazoans—and play innumerate functions in health and disease. A set of de novo point mutations in GNAO1 and GNAI1, the genes encoding the α-subunits (Gαo and Gαi1, respectively) of the heterotrimeric G proteins, have been described to cause pediatric encephalopathies represented by epileptic seizures, movement disorders, developmental delay, intellectual disability, and signs of neurodegeneration. Among such mutations, the Gln52Pro substitutions have been previously identified in GNAO1 and GNAI1. Here, we describe the case of an infant with another mutation in the same site, Gln52Arg. The patient manifested epileptic and movement disorders and a developmental delay, at the onset of 1.5 weeks after birth. We have analyzed biochemical and cellular properties of the three types of dominant pathogenic mutants in the Gln52 position described so far: Gαo[Gln52Pro], Gαi1[Gln52Pro], and the novel Gαo[Gln52Arg]. At the biochemical level, the three mutant proteins are deficient in binding and hydrolyzing GTP, which is the fundamental function of the healthy G proteins. At the cellular level, the mutants are defective in the interaction with partner proteins recognizing either the GDP-loaded or the GTP-loaded forms of Gαo. Further, of the two intracellular sites of Gαo localization, plasma membrane and Golgi, the former is strongly reduced for the mutant proteins. We conclude that the point mutations at Gln52 inactivate the Gαo and Gαi1 proteins leading to aberrant intracellular localization and partner protein interactions. These features likely lie at the core of the molecular etiology of pediatric encephalopathies associated with the codon 52 mutations in GNAO1/GNAI1