The analysis of methylation of DNA promoter of SFRP2 gene in patients with hyperplastic processes of the endometrium

The hyperplastic processes of the endometrium can arise not only against the background of excessive influence of estrogen, but also against the background of epigenetic damages that affect apoptosis, cell proliferation, differentiation, and adhesion, and DNA reparation. The aim of our study was to investigate and analyze the status of methylation of the promoter of SFRP2 gene in patients with hyperplastic processes of the endometrium. Materials and Methods: The study groups were the following: I — patients with endometrial hyperplasia (EH, n = 9); II — patients with endometrial intraepithelial neoplasia (EIN, n = 10), III — control groups: 1) with endometrial cancer (EC, n = 4), and 2) healthy women (n = 4). Determination of promoter methylation of SFRP2 gene was carried out by the semiquantitative method of methylation-specific PCR assay. Results: The maximum level of methylation of SFRP2 gene promoter had been revealed in patients with EC — 42.80 ± 3.55% (р < 0.05). The patients of the I group had the lowest values of methylation of SFRP2 gene promoter — 10.66 ± 0.85%, while in patients of the II group this indicator was higher — 20.60 ± 0.95% (р < 0.05). In healthy women of the control group, methylation of SFRP2 gene promoter was detected in none of the samples. Conclusion: The content of the methylated SFRP2 gene in endometrial tissue of patients with hyperplastic processes higher than 20–25% allows relate these women to the risk group of EC development and dictates the need of intensive observation of such patients

A study on L-threonine and L-serine uptake in Escherichia coli K-12

In the current study, we report the identification and characterization of the yifK gene product as a novel amino acid carrier in E. coli K-12 cells. Both phenotypic and biochemical analyses showed that YifK acts as a permease specific to L-threonine and, to a lesser extent, L-serine. An assay of the effect of uncouplers and composition of the reaction medium on the transport activity indicates that YifK utilizes a proton motive force to energize substrate uptake. To identify the remaining threonine carriers, we screened a genomic library prepared from the yifK-mutant strain and found that brnQ acts as a multicopy suppressor of the threonine transport defect caused by yifK disruption. Our results indicate that BrnQ is directly involved in threonine uptake as a low-affinity but high-flux transporter, which forms the main entry point when the threonine concentration in the external environment reaches a toxic level. By abolishing YifK and BrnQ activity, we unmasked and quantified the threonine transport activity of the LIV-I branched chain amino acid transport system and demonstrated that LIV-I contributes significantly to total threonine uptake. However, this contribution is likely smaller than that of YifK. We also observed the serine transport activity of LIV-I, which was much lower compared with that of the dedicated SdaC carrier, indicating that LIV-I plays a minor role in the serine uptake. Overall, these findings allow us to propose a comprehensive model of the threonine/serine uptakesubsystem in E. coli cells

Primary plasty of an Achilles tendon by plantar muscle tendon (clinical case)

Patient T., 43 years old arrived in clinic with complaints to the pains in lower thir of the right shin, limitation of movements in right ankle joint, inability of using right lower extremity. An. operative treatment was realized in clinic: suture of rupture of Achilles tendon by Cuneo with plastics by the tendon of long plantar muscle. In 4 weeks plaster immobilization was removed, the patient started measured loading of operated extremity with additional cane support. In 6 weeks full load on operated extremity was allowed and the patient returned to work. In 2 months patient received repeated trauma. During the examination local painfulness in the area of operative intervention was revealed. At the palpation it was revealed that integrity of plantar muscle tendon isn't broken. Control MRR of right shin was made: as the result of control examination the injury of plantar muscle tendon wasn't revealed. Immobilization of operated extremity in neutral position of a foot by functional brace was recommended to the patient. Measured, loading with additional additional cane support was approved. In 2 weeks the immobilization was removed, function of operated extremity is fully restored. Conclusion: if proposed method allows to start earlier loadings and. to decrease possibility of repeated rupture of reconstructed plantar muscle tendon in the most active period of rehabilitation

Primary plastics of Achilles tendon by plantar muscle tendon for the prevention of repeated ruptures (experimental research)

The most important requirement to Achilles tendon suture is its ability to hold loading both in postoperative and. in rehabilitation period. The research was aimed, at the comparison of strength of classic intertendon suture of Achilles tendon and. primary plastics of Achilles tendon by plantar muscle tendon. 60 unfixed (cadaveric) Achilles tendons and 60 plantar muscle tendons were used in experimental research. Further parameters were registered: age, measurements of Achilles and long plantar muscle tendons (length, width, thickness). The first step was to determine the tensile of intact Achilles tendon; the second was to determine the tensile double Polyester N 6 suture; the third — to determine tensile of plantar muscle tendon; the fourth — to determine tensile of Achilles tendon reconstructed with, use of proposed method. As the result of the experiment further conclusions were drawn. 1. Force that causes rupture of Achilles tendon decreases with age of a person that proves degenerative theory of Achilles tendon injury indirectrly. 2. Force that causes rupture of intact Achilles tendon (Ме) is 161,0, of double Polyester N 6 suture — 5,0, of tendon of plantar muscle folded up in four is 22,5; of Achilles tendon reconstructed with use of proposed method is 32,0. 3. Tensile of primary plastics of Achilles tendon sutured with use of proposed method is 6.4 times more than tensile of classic suture (Polyester N 6)

Digital receivers for low-frequency radio telescopes UTR-2, URAN, GURT

This paper describes digital radio astronomical receivers used for decameter and meter wavelength observations. This paper describes digital radio astronomical receivers used for decameter and meter wavelength observations. Since 1998, digital receivers performing on-the-fly dynamic spectrum calculations or waveform data recording without data loss have been used at the UTR-2 radio telescope, the URAN VLBI system, and the GURT new generation radio telescope. Here we detail these receivers developed for operation in the strong interference environment that prevails in the decameter wavelength range. Data collected with these receivers allowed us to discover numerous radio astronomical objects and phenomena at low frequencies, a summary of which is also presented.Comment: 24 pages, 15 figure

A new type of polytopic coordination compound: The synthesis and NMR studies of the first hybrid thiacalix[4]arenoclathrochelates

Nucleophilic substitution of the reactive chlorine atoms of iron(II) dichloroclathrochelate with thiol-terminated thiacalix[4]arene nucleophiles in the 1,3-alternate conformation afforded the first hybrid calixarenoclathrochelates with both ring-closed and ring-opened structures. The 1:1, 1:2 and 1:3 condensations of tetra-O-substituted thiacalix[4]arenes with thiol-terminated spacer substituents at the lower rim of the macrocyclic platform were performed. These thiol-terminated calixarene precursors were obtained from their O-ω-bromoalkyl precursors in the 1,3-alternate conformation, which are the products of alkylation of the parent thiacalix[4]arene with a series of homological α,ω-dibromoalkanes. The complexes obtained were characterized using elemental analysis, MALDI-TOF and ESI mass spectrometry, IR, 1H, 19F, 11B and 13C{1H} NMR spectra; their molecular structures in solution were thoroughly studied by one- and two-dimensional NMR spectroscopy as well as by molecular mechanics calculations. The formation of the thiacalix[4]arenoclathrochelates depends on the length of their ribbed spacer substituents in the chelate α-dioximate fragments of the cage frameworks; those with four bridging methylene groups seem to be optimal for the synthesis of the ring-closed hybrid molecules with two metal-encapsulating macrobicycles. © 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved

Comparison of the results of surgical treatment of patients with Achilles tendon injury at Myerson stage II and III diastasis using plantar muscle flexor tendon

Single-center randomized controlled partially blinded research aimed at the determination of functional results of surgical treatment of patients with Achilles tendon injury of different Myerson stages was carried out in the clinic of Irkutsk Scientific Centre of Surgery and Traumatology. Based on the analysis of surgical treatment of 20 patients with Achilles tendon divided into two groups (with Myerson stage 11 and stage 111 diastasis) we showed the effectiveness of surgical treatment using plantar muscle flexor tendon. We assessed the following criteria: 1) time from the moment of injury, diastasis length, duration of surgery; 2) pain syndrome after the surgery, omission of additional mobility aids and equipment; 3) AOFAS functional results. While the analysis we found statistically significant differences in studied groups by the criteria "time from the moment of injury" and "diastasis length". As the result of the research we found statistically significant differences by "duration of surgery» criterion. In consequence of using plantar muscle flexor tendon as a stabilizing factor at the restoration of Achilles tendon we didn't register the differences between the groups by the level and duration of pain syndrome after the surgery, terms of the omission of additional mobility aids and equipment after the surgery and also in AOFAS functional results

Использование комбинированных простраственных моделей для оценки воздействия на окружающую среду объектов энергетики Исламской Республики Иран

The method of combined space modelling with GIS-technology using for the estimation of environmental effects of energy objects in project, build and work was proposed. The space models for Islamic Republic of Iran energy objects presented.Изложена методика создания комбинированных пространственных моделей с применением технологии географических информационных систем для оценки воздействия на окружающую среду проектируемых, строящихся и действующих объектов энергетики. Представлены пространственные модели для объектов энергетики Исламской Республики Иран