The Effect of Educational Background on Politeness Among the Students of Stain Jurai Siwo Metro

Humans are social creatures who need other humans to fullfil their needs, communication and interaction have a crucial role to fullfil those needs. In order  to the communication process can proceed smoothly, then at least human need to speak in polite in the communication. Religious norms and the community shows that politeness is necessary to properly maximized. Politeness in the relating of  the Holy Qur\u27an about pronunciation, gestures and vocabulary was polite and adapted to the circumstances (environment). In social life, politeness is usually used to show respect for older people, but it would be better also if used against a fellow or a younger person. Politeness will minimize conflict and hostility. Because of it, the institution is one way of language education. STAIN Jurai Siwo Metro is an Islamic institution, that   students have many educational backgrounds and is so different each other.  Based on the mapping carried out showed that students of English Department Program, the majority coming from Senior High School (SMA).  This study aims to determine the reality of politeness and influence of the educational background to the student politeness in English Study Program STAIN Jurai Siwo Metro. The method used in this research is quantitative descriptive, where interviews, observation and documentation used by researchers in collecting and obtaining data. From the data obtained show that the reality of politeness students have to realize elements of politeness. Furthermore, based on analysis of the data also showed that educational background gives affect student in politeness

Testing a model of variability of X-ray reprocessing features in Active Galactic Nuclei

A number of recent results from X-ray observations of Active Galactic Nuclei involving the Fe K alpha line (reduction of line variability compared to the X-ray continuum variability, the X-ray ``Baldwin effect'') were attributed to a presence of a hot, ionized skin of an accretion disc, suppressing emission of the line. The ionized skin appears as a result of the thermal instability of X-ray irradiated plasma. We test this hypothesis by computing the Thomson thickness of the hot skin on top of the 'alpha P_tot' Shakura-Sunyaev disc, by simultaneously solving the vertical structure of both the hot skin and the disc. We then compute a number of relations between observable quantities, e.g. the hard X-ray flux, amplitude of the observed reprocessed component, relativistic smearing of the K alpha line, the r.m.s. variability of the hard X-rays. These relations can be compared to present and future observations. We point out that this mechanism is unlikely to explain the behaviour of the X-ray source in MCG-6-30-15, where there is a number of arguments against the existence of a thick hot skin, but it can work for some other Seyfert 1 galaxies.Comment: 12 pages. MNRAS, accepte

Using forecast variability and risk pooling to determine optimal safety stock levels within a supply chain

Thesis (M.B.A.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management; and, (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering; in conjunction with the Leaders for Manufacturing Program at MIT, 1998.Includes bibliographical references (p. 55-56).Bay Networks, like other high tech companies whose competitive advantage lies in the design of their products, has moved to a manufacturing model that relies heavily on outsourcing. Almost all the components of its products, from metal boxes and power supplies, to electronic components and the printed circuit boards on which they reside, are manufactured and assembled by subcontractors. This strategy has been pursued to reduce costs and to increase flexibility. To make this system work effectively, considering the long lead times sometimes associated with networking electronic components, Bay Networks forecasts demand to eliminate a portion of the demand uncertainty. Bay then passes its forecast to the subcontractors so they can deliver material as Bay expects to use it. This model makes the forecasting function of extreme importance when determining whether Bay will end up with too much or too little material. This thesis analyzes the "outsourced" supply chain that Bay Networks currently uses and how forecasting is really the cornerstone of information dissemination within the supply chain. Additionally, this thesis will look very specifically at how demand for the motherboard of a particular networking product is forecast and how it is an example of taking outsourcing too far. Since Bay Networks is forecasting motherboards with a specific memory configuration, before they actually know what the customer wants for memory, they are reworking many boards to effectively meet customer demand. Further analysis will show that forecasting motherboards in the plain vanilla format, i.e. without memory, and configuring with memory only when they receive a customer order, will allow Bay Networks to take advantage of the concept of risk-pooling. With risk-pooling Bay Networks will be able to increase customer service levels with less inventory- a win -win situation considering that the typical tradeoff consists of increasing inventory to improve service levels. Specifically, it will be shown that the optimal level of inventory safety stock for these and other motherboards can be significantly reduced by holding them in a format which allows them to be easily and flexibly configured to satisfy demand when a customer order arrives rather than holding the material in a specific format.by Scott A. Roza.S.M.M.B.A

Posed and spontaneous nonverbal vocalizations of positive emotions: Acoustic analysis and perceptual judgments

When experiencing different positive emotional states, like amusement or relief, we may produce nonverbal vocalizations such as laughs and sighs. In the current study, we describe the acoustic structure of posed and spontaneous nonverbal vocalizations of 14 different positive emotions, and test whether listeners (N =201) map the vocalizations to emotions. The results show that vocalizations of 13 different positive emotions were recognized at better-than-chance levels, but not vocalizations of being moved. Emotions varied in whether vocalizations were better recognized from spontaneous or posed expressions

Posed and spontaneous nonverbal vocalizations of positive emotions: Acoustic analysis and perceptual judgments

When experiencing different positive emotional states, like amusement or relief, we may produce nonverbal vocalizations such as laughs and sighs. In the current study, we describe the acoustic structure of posed and spontaneous nonverbal vocalizations of 14 different positive emotions, and test whether listeners (N =201) map the vocalizations to emotions. The results show that vocalizations of 13 different positive emotions were recognized at better-than-chance levels, but not vocalizations of being moved. Emotions varied in whether vocalizations were better recognized from spontaneous or posed expressions

Peran Pemerintah Daerah untuk Mewujudkan Kota Layak Anak di Indonesia

The main problems in this research were, first, how is the participation of local governments in realizing children-friendly city/district (KLA) in Indonesia. Second, what are the factors that affect the local governments in realizing children-friendly city/district in Indonesia. This was a normative legal research; legal materials were analyzed using descriptive qualitative approach. The results of the research showed that: first, the forms of participation of the local governments in fulfilling children's rights so that they deserve to be declared as KLA are: 1) Civil Rights and Freedom; 2) Family and Alternative Nursery; 3) Disability, Basic Health and Welfare; 4) Education, Utilization of Leisure Time and Cultural Activities; and 5) Special Protection. Second, there are several factors that affect how a region becomes KLA: 1) Legislation and policies on the fulfillment of children's rights; 2) Budget for the fulfillment of children's rights; 3) The number of legislations, policies, programs and activities that get input from children forum and other children groups; 4) Availability of KLA-trained human resources who are able to integrate children's rights into policies, programs and activities; 5) Availability of children's data by sex, age, and sub-districts; 6) Involvement of community institutions in the fulfillment of children's rights; and 7) Involvement of business in the fulfillment of children's rights

Dinamika Kelompok Tani Desa Air Terbit Kecamatan Tapung Kabupaten Kampar

This study aims to determine the level of farmer group dynamics and determine the strategy that is done in a dynamic farmer groups. Sampling was done intentionally, in which 36 people used as respondents from the three groups of farmers in the village of Air Terbit. The results of this study indicate that the rate is determined based on the analysis of the dynamics farmer groups SLR in the village of Air Terbit have moderate criteria with a score of 1.93, it can be seen from the moderate or lack of effort in growing group activities, participation, effectiveness of group responsibility, norms, and sanctions on the group, resulting in a lack of development and building of farmer groups and SWOT analysis determined based strategy in the dynamic group that is an increase of information through a group that supports the promotion of enterprise inputs, farmer group achievement awards, good administration and the right, facilitating the group in order to carry out the functions and good job, get coaching and become better maintenance group, have a strong cohesiveness, conducive atmosphere, adequate pressure, the effectiveness of both groups and improve the existing human resource education through regular training in farmer groups

Pengembangan Instrumen Tes Diagnostik Model Testlet Sebagai Pendeteksi Kesulitan Belajar Peserta Didik Pada Pokok Bahasan Larutan Penyangga

The development of instrument diagnostic test as a testlet model for learning difficulties detection on chemistry is a kind of reserach development which is used ADDIE model. The ADDIE model has consisted some stages such as: Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation and Evaluation. Because some limitations, The research stage just until is done until Implementation stage, that use some doing trial in limited subjects used, is trialed at SMAN 12 and the istruments is done validated by some lectures of Pendidikan Kimia-FKIP, UR. The study aims to: (1) develop of instrument diagnostic test as a testlet model for learning difficulties detection on chemistry is a kind on buffer, (2) Know the learning difficulties detection using on chemistry is a kind diagnostic test model testlet instrument, (3) Know the reliability of the problem, the level of difficulty of the problem, and the differentiation of the problem. The results of the research shows that: (1) The diagnostic test instrument of developed testlet model is stated valid from material aspect, construction aspect, and language aspect, (2) students of class XI IPA 2 SMAN 12 Pekanbaru have difficulty studying on indicators 4, 5 and 6 Students of class XI IPA 3 SMAN 12 Pekanbaru have difficulty studying on indicator 2, 4, and 6. (3) reliability matter 0,55; The difficulty level of the item consists of 15 items of easy category, 12 items on medium category, and 13 items on the difficult category; The problem of differentiator of item item consists of 2 items of good category, 2 items about good category, 9 items about enough category, and 27 items about bad category