Warmed-over flavour analysis in low temperature-long time processed meat by an "electronic nose"

The ability of an electronic nose, comprising 32 conducting polymer sensors, to identify and classify warmed-over flavour (WOF) aroma in bovine semitendinosus muscle, processed by vacuum cook-in-bag/tray technology (VCT) and storage under refrigerated conditions, was evaluated. The VCT process employed low temperature?long time (50°C?390 min) thermal treatments. Multivariate analysis showed that VCT processed beef aroma profiles were sorted into two groups, one included samples stored for up to 20 days and the other included samples with 34 to 45 days of storage. WOF odour standard samples were recognised to have similar aroma as samples of the second group. Lipid oxidation results, measured by thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, showed an increment in oxidation level for samples stored for 34 days or more (P<0.05). This study shows that electronic nose technology can be applied to WOF odour identification and classification in VCT beef meat, complementing chemical and sensory techniques used in this field.Fil: Grigioni, Gabriela Maria. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria; ArgentinaFil: Margaría, Carlos A.. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria; ArgentinaFil: Pensel, Norma Ana. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria; ArgentinaFil: Sanchez, Guillermo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria; ArgentinaFil: Vaudagna, Sergio Ramon. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria; Argentin

Anthelmintic activity of Stevia aristata extract on Echinococcus granulosus: in vitro and in vivo study

Cystic echinococcosis (CE) is a worldwide zoonotic disease caused by Echinococcus granulosus, which produces long-term infections in humans and animals. Available anti-parasitic treatment against CE is mostly limited to the use of benzimidazoles, mainly albendazole (ABZ). However, it has undesirable side effects and their efficacy is about 50%. Based on the problematic described, new treatment alternatives are urgently needed. Plants from the Stevia genus (Asteraceae) are a potential source of anti-protozoal and anti-microbial compounds. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the in vitro and in vivo efficacy of the Stevia aristata dichloromethane extract against E. granulosus. Viable and free protoscoleces or cysts were treated with 100, 50, 10 and 5 μg/ml of the extract. Viability assessment using the methylene blue exclusion test and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) (for protoscoleces) or evaluation of germinal layer collapse (for cysts) was performed. CF-1 mice (n=30) infected with E. granulosus were allocated into the following experimental groups (6 months post-infection): (1) Control, (2) ABZ 25 mg/kg, every 24 h for 30 days; (3) S. aristata 50 mg/kg, every 24 h for 23 days. At the end of the treatment the weight of the cysts was recorded and samples were analysed by SEM. Protoscoleces viability decreased quickly with 100 µg/ml, reaching 0% after 20 days of treatment. After 4 days of incubation, the collapse of the germinal layer was observed in 60 ± 5.8% and 83.3 ± 12.0% of cysts treated with 50 and 100 µg/ml, respectively. Whilst ultrastructural damage was observed in the cysts obtained from S. aristata or ABZ treated mice, no significant differences in the weight of the cysts were obtained (P > 0.05). In conclusion, S. aristata treatment caused high protoscolicidal and cysticidal effects, but not significant reduction in the weight of the cysts in experimentally infected mice.Fil: Albani, Clara Maria. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones En Produccion, Sanidad y Ambiente. - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas. Centro Cientifico Tecnologico Conicet - Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones En Produccion, Sanidad y Ambiente.; ArgentinaFil: Borgo, Jimena. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Química y Metabolismo del Fármaco. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica. Instituto de Química y Metabolismo del Fármaco; ArgentinaFil: Fabbri, Julia. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones En Produccion, Sanidad y Ambiente. - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas. Centro Cientifico Tecnologico Conicet - Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones En Produccion, Sanidad y Ambiente.; ArgentinaFil: Pensel, Patricia Eugenia. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones En Produccion, Sanidad y Ambiente. - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas. Centro Cientifico Tecnologico Conicet - Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones En Produccion, Sanidad y Ambiente.; ArgentinaFil: Fasciani, Lara. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones En Produccion, Sanidad y Ambiente. - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas. Centro Cientifico Tecnologico Conicet - Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones En Produccion, Sanidad y Ambiente.; ArgentinaFil: Hernandez, N.. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica. Departamento de Farmacología. Cátedra de Farmacognosia; ArgentinaFil: Paladini, A.. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Departamento de Biología. Laboratorio de Zoonosis Parasitarias; ArgentinaFil: Sülsen, Valeria Patricia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Química y Metabolismo del Fármaco. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica. Instituto de Química y Metabolismo del Fármaco; ArgentinaFil: Elissondo, María Celina. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones En Produccion, Sanidad y Ambiente. - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas. Centro Cientifico Tecnologico Conicet - Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones En Produccion, Sanidad y Ambiente.; ArgentinaLXVI Annual Meeting of Sociedad Argentina de Investigación Clínica (SAIC); LXIX Annual Meeting of Sociedad Argentina de Inmunología (SAI); LIII Annual Meeting of Asociación Argentina de Farmacología Experimental (AAFE) y XI Annual Meeting of Asociación Argentina de Nanomedicinas (NANOMED-AR)ArgentinaSociedad Argentina de Investigación ClínicaSociedad Argentina de InmunologíaAsociación Argentina de NanomedicinasAsociación Argentina de Farmacología Experimenta

The case for strategic international alliances to harness nutritional genomics for public and personal health

Nutrigenomics is the study of how constituents of the diet interact with genes, and their products, to alter phenotype and, conversely, how genes and their products metabolise these constituents into nutrients, antinutrients, and bioactive compounds. Results from molecular and genetic epidemiological studies indicate that dietary unbalance can alter gene-nutrient interactions in ways that increase the risk of developing chronic disease. The interplay of human genetic variation and environmental factors will make identifying causative genes and nutrients a formidable, but not intractable, challenge. We provide specific recommendations for how to best meet this challenge and discuss the need for new methodologies and the use of comprehensive analyses of nutrient-genotype interactions involving large and diverse populations. The objective of the present paper is to stimulate discourse and collaboration among nutrigenomic researchers and stakeholders, a process that will lead to an increase in global health and wellness by reducing health disparities in developed and developing countrie

Efficient electrochemical treatment based on electrodeposited thin films of birnessite for mineralisation of AMPA (aminomethylphosphonic acid) in very soft conditions

The presence of AMPA in environment becomes today a real problem due to its persistence, its toxicity, and its multiple origins (main metabolite of glyphosate, the pesticide the most used in the world; degradation product of personal care and industrial products). This paper reports the development of a simple, effective, cheap and easy electrochemical treatment, for mineralising AMPA under very soft conditions: at room temperature, at free pH, and in a classical open electrochemical cell. The electrode material used is an electrodeposited thin film of birnessite, a non-toxic material, synthesised in very soft conditions. The original idea is to couple the spontaneous oxidative properties of birnessite to an electrochemical oxidation treatment in the aim to increase its reactivity towards this pollutant. Very good mineralisation rates and capacity (≈0.115 g AMPA mineralized by gramme of birnessite) were obtained with very low energy supplies (Q ≈ 3 C). Some tests performed with concentrated glyphosate solutions, one of its main parents, give also good results allowing us to envisage the development of an easy method of wastewater treatments at very low costs in complement of classical methods and/or directly at the source of pollution. Keywords: Layered manganese oxides, Phyllomanganate, Organophosphorous compounds, Phosphonates, Glyphosat

Degradation of glyphosate and AMPA (amino methylphosphonic acid) solutions by thin films of birnessite electrodeposited: A new design of material for remediation processes?

International audienceThis paper focuses on the possibility to use birnessite thin films for remediating aqueous solutions containing glyphosate and AMPA, the most found pollutants in environment. Indeed, glyphosate is the pesticide the most used in the world, and AMPA is its main metabolite, more toxic and more persistent than its parent. However, AMPA can also mainly come from the degradation of phosphonic acids present in detergents. We show that birnessite, electrodeposited as thin films onto a cheap transparent semiconductor substrate (SnO2), can significantly degrade and mineralise glyphosate and AMPA. Glyphosate is spontaneously degraded with simultaneous production of AMPA, formaldehyde, phosphate ions, nitrate ions and ammonium ions, without macroscopic modification of birnessite. The last four by-products are also obtained during the degradation of AMPA by birnessite. Various experimental parameters such as temperature, concentration of pollutant, stirring of solution, presence or not of oxygen were studied and a schematic summary of observed evidences was proposed. The good mineralisation yields obtained during glyphosate/birnessite and AMPA/birnessite interactions allow us to envisage a possible application of these thin films for remediation

Influence of different postharvest treatments on nutritional quality of grapefruits

The effects of postharvest treatments and storage periods on ascorbic acid content were evaluated for Rouge La Toma and Ruby Red grapefruit cultivars (Citrus paradisi Macf.). The ascorbic acid levels in the beginning and the end of the treatments studied were not significantly different (P>0.05) for most treatments. For both cultivars, at the end of the marketing conditions, the treatments involving low storage temperatures did not affect the ascorbic acid content. At the end of the marketing conditions, Rouge La Toma grapefruit had a decrease (P<0.01) in ascorbic acid levels when temperature conditioning was part of the treatment. On the other hand, Ruby Red presented the same behavior when prolonged storage periods where used. It was concluded that Rouge La Toma grapefruit had a greater susceptibility to postharvest temperature conditioning than Ruby Red grapefruit relative to ascorbic acid degradation.Fil: Biolatto, Andrea. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro de Investigación de Agroindustria. Instituto de Tecnología de Alimentos. Area de Bioquímica y Nutricion; ArgentinaFil: Salitto, Valeria A.. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro de Investigación de Agroindustria. Instituto de Tecnología de Alimentos. Area de Bioquímica y Nutricion; ArgentinaFil: Cantet, Rodolfo Juan Carlos. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias. Instituto de Investigacion y Tecnología en Reproducción Animal; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Pensel, Norma A.. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro de Investigación de Agroindustria. Instituto de Tecnología de Alimentos. Area de Bioquímica y Nutricion; Argentin