Effect of Spatial Distribution of Precipitation Data on Temporal and Spactial Uncertainty of Swat Output

Accurate modeling of water quality, water availability, and transport of pollutants at the watershed scale requires an accurate representation of the precipitation data. For this reason, the ability of hydrologic models to predict accurate outputs depends to a great extent on how well the rainfall data is distributed. In general, rainfall intensities can vary in space and time, particularly in convective events. A number of schemes are available to account for temporal and spatial uncertainties of precipitation data. The simplest method is the arithmetic mean, which assumes the rainfall is uniformly distributed over the watershed. The Thiessen polygon method is an improvement over the arithmetic approach, by assigning the record from the closest rain gauge to the unstamped location. The Centroid method is another popular method. The centroid method uses the rain gauge nearest to the centroid of each subbasin. The objectives of this project are (1) to assess the impacts of using different interpolation schemes for incorporating spatially variable precipitation data into the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) and (2) assess the impacts of using three levels of subbasin delineation on the streamflow

Entanglement and Bell's inequality violation above room temperature in metal carboxylates

In the present work we show that a special family of materials, the metal carboxylates, may have entangled states up to very high temperatures. From magnetic susceptibility measurements, we have estimated the critical temperature below which entanglement exists in the cooper carboxylate \{Cu$_2$(O$_2$CH)$_4$\}\{Cu(O$_2$CH)$_2$(2-methylpyridine)$_2$\}, and we have found this to be above room temperature ($T_e \sim 630$ K). Furthermore, the results show that the system remains maximally entangled until close to $\sim 100$ K and the Bell's inequality is violated up to nearly room temperature ($\sim 290$ K)

MOAB: Multi-Modal Outer Arithmetic Block for Fusion of Histopathological Images and Genetic Data for Brain Tumor Grading

Brain tumors are an abnormal growth of cells in the brain. They can be classified into distinct grades based on their growth. Often grading is performed based on a histological image and is one of the most significant predictors of a patient's prognosis; the higher the grade, the more aggressive the tumor. Correct diagnosis of the tumor's grade remains challenging. Though histopathological grading has been shown to be prognostic, results are subject to interobserver variability, even among experienced pathologists. Recently, the World Health Organization reported that advances in molecular genetics have led to improvements in tumor classification. This paper seeks to integrate histological images and genetic data for improved computer-aided diagnosis. We propose a novel Multi-modal Outer Arithmetic Block (MOAB) based on arithmetic operations to combine latent representations of the different modalities for predicting the tumor grade (Grade II, III and IV). Extensive experiments evaluate the effectiveness of our approach. By applying MOAB to The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) glioma dataset, we show that it can improve separation between similar classes (Grade II and III) and outperform prior state-of-the-art grade classification techniques

Biodiesel Performance within Internal Combustion Engine Fuel System: A Review

This review paper highlights the tribological performance of biodiesel at contacting surfaces in the fuel delivery system of compression ignition (diesel) engines. The focus is on the injection components that include low and high pressure injection pumps, diesel fuel injectors, electro-hydraulic valves, diesel fuel lubricity measurements and effects of biodiesel on the running conditions in a diesel fuel injection system. The common rail system and the distributor pump injection systems with electronic diesel control are among the modern trends that are specifically highlighted. Boundary, mixed and hydrodynamic lubrication regimes together with lubricant oil film thickness, pressure and engine performance are also considere