Optimizing the management of financial flows based on assessment of regional multiplier effects

This article examines the issues of improving the effectiveness in the management of regional financial flows. As their main hypothesis, the authors provide a rationale for the argument that the management of regional financial flows must be optimized on the basis of multiplier economic effects that allow to better assess the performance of regional socio-economic policy. The article presents a multifactor model for managing the financial flows at the regional level, or the matrix of financial flows based on the principles of general economic equilibrium theory, Input—Output balancing method and methodology of national accounts system. The consolidated budgetary balance sheet of the region is presented as an important structural element of the model. A methodology has been developed for integrating the consolidated budgetary balance sheet of the region in the matrix of financial flows. By using the example of individual subjects of the Russian Federation, the authors calculated the matrix multipliers of consolidated budgetary balance sheet that allow to simulate the multiplier economic effects resulting from the impact of different types of exogenous economic factors on the development of regions, and to forecast the impact of changes in the fiscal reallocation on GRP and household income, assess the impact of external investment on the economic growth of the regions and study the effectiveness of federal tax policy at the regional level. The article demonstrates that the value of multiplier effect depends on several factors, including the external trade relations of the region, its dependence on imports, the share of value added in gross output, as well as the propensity of households to savings. The approach proposed by the authors can be used by the government authorities at different levels in the development of their strategies of socio-economic development, assessment of the extent and areas of impact made by various exogenous factors on the economy of the region, as well as in the analysis of the investment initiatives of the private sector seeking the financial support for its projects from the state. The authors propose the areas for improving the management of financial flows based on maximizing the multiplier economic effects in the short and medium term for the regions with a different level of fiscal capacity.The article has been prepared with the support of the Grant of the Russian Foundation for Humanities (project №15–02–00587)

Избирательные цензы и ограничения пассивного избирательного права на выборах в России

The subject of the article is electoral qualifications and voting restrictions in the Russian Federation legislation.The purpose of the article is to determine the permissible boundaries of electoral restrictions, to define the grounds for acknowledgment of such qualifications (restrictions) as unconstitutional (excessive, disproportionate, breaching the principle of legal equality) as well asto formulate legal argumentsthat will contribute to advancing electoral qualification system in Russia.The authors’ hypothesis is as follows: in comparison with electoral qualifications that are already enshrined in the Constitution, the rise in the number of new electoral qualifications fails to comply with the Constitution’s provisions and is inconsistent with the Russian Federation’s international commitments. The authors meticulously analyse the process of eligibility imposition, draws the line between “electoral qualifications” and “restrictions” in electoral right and compares the Russian system of electoral qualifications (restrictions) with the system of electoral restrictions and limitations in foreign countries.The main results and the scope of application. The analysis of the given issues has shown that electoral qualifications are specific requirements (conditions). Thus if a state is a democratic one and acts in compliance with the electoral requirements(conditions), the citizens of such state are eligible to run for public office. At the same time electoral restrictions (filters) can be considered as supplementary actions that the citizens have to complete in order to be registered as candidates for the elections. Such actions also diminish the legal chances of the citizens to take part in ongoing elections. The authors prove that guided by political rather than legal criteria, Russian law-makers are prone to impose new eligibility restrictions that in turn impede the process of constitutional values balance search.A significant number of electoral qualifications is inconsistent with the purposes which legislators pursue imposing new restrictions and limitations on citizens’ rights as well as with fundamental principles of possible restrictions on citizens’ rights set forth by numerous ECHR’s decisions (proportionality, necessity in democratic society, legitimate goal and sufficient reasons). Since dozens of electoral qualifications exist in the Russian legislation, millions of Russian citizens are deprived of their right to vote. Electoral qualifications do not satisfy the RF Constitution requirements stated in articles 17, 18, 19, 32, 54 as well as the principles of universalsuffrage (universality, equal suffrage and free elections).The authors conclude that the legal regulation of voting right restrictions such as a signature threshold and a municipal filter are to be altered radically. In the short term, the signature threshold preservation is quite feasible provided a substantial decrease in the number of signatures and the simplification of the signature collection procedure. In reference to the municipal filter, undoubtedly, it should be repealed in the near future since there are no opportunities to exclude an administrative pressure on municipal councils’ deputies with the purpose to force them to vote for “suitable” candidatesfor federal and regional authorities.Исследуется конституционно-правовой институт избирательных цензов и ограничений пассивного избирательного права граждан. Обосновывается разграничение избирательных цензов и ограничений избирательного права: ценз выступает как установленное правовыми нормами условие допуска гражданина к реализации избирательных прав, а ограничения избирательного права проявляют себя как сужение конкретных правовых возможностей по реализации гражданами пассивного избирательного права, в виде установления комплекса неких дополнительных правовых действий для участия в выборах. Анализируются различные виды избирательных цензов, известные в России и зарубежных странах, дается их авторская классификация. Приводится критика подхода отечественного законодателя по введению множества законодательных цензов, а также позиций Конституционного Суда РФ, оправдывающего постоянное расширение перечня цензов пассивного избирательного права. Рассматриваются также два наиболее известных ограничения пассивного избирательного права в России (подписной фильтр и муниципальный фильтр) и предлагаются конкретные предложения по модернизации этих ограничений пассивного избирательного права на основе европейского и российского опыта

Universal and national cultural features of the naming in sports

The features of the sports language picture of the world in the context of the French culture of language, whose key element is the linguistic personality, who acts as the actor of the communicative process related to sports activities (both professional and amateur

Politician's linguistic personality as key figure of institutional discourse

The article deals with the approaches to studying a politician's linguistic personality. The communicative potential of the manifestation means of a politician's personality is analyzed. The authors present the algorithm of studying the characteristics of an institutional linguistic personalit

Features of French, American and Russian intercultural interaction

The article deals with the functioning of cultural stereotypes in French, American and Russian linguistic consciousness. Cross-cultural interaction is interpreted within the framework of mastering linguocultural communication codes and the worldview of allophones. The analysis of factual data is based on the linguosemiotic approach to its interpretation within a discursive utterance

The role of the development institutions in the public investment policy: analysis of the current state and assessment of performance

The article investigates the role of institutions in the processes of modernization of the economy, the organization of production of high technology products, as well as the acceleration of the scientific and technical progress. The article also discussed methodological approaches to evaluating the effectiveness of institutions in terms of their impact on the growth of the national economy. The authors have substantiated a number of theses that have theoretical and practical significance. Combining financial resources of the state and business is one of the key conditions for innovative economic development. Development institutions are specialized state-owned organizations that provided a mechanism for solving this problem. Evaluation of the impact of the functioning of the institutions is a prerequisite for the formation of new development institutions and the functioning of existing adjustment mechanisms. In the course of evaluating the performance of development institutions, we must take into account the economic multiplier effects. The article deals with the theoretical basis of the concept and the classification of development institutions. The authors analyzed the current state of formation and functioning of institutions in Russia. The basic problems and causes of non-compliance to the strategic objectives of the operation of the development institutions are discovered. Special attention is paid to the methodological approaches to evaluating the effectiveness of the development institutions. The basic provisions of the author’s approach to evaluating the effectiveness of socially significant projects are formulated. A distinctive feature of the proposed approach is the consideration of the economic multiplier effects. This article is intended for researchers and practitioners, specialists dealing with regional development and management.Настоящая статья посвящена исследованию роли институтов развития в процессах модернизации экономики, организации производства наукоемкой инновационной продукции путем ускорения научно-технического прогресса; методическим подходам к оценке эффективности институтов развития с позиций их влияния на рост экономики страны и ее регионов. В качестве основной гипотезы, имеющей научное и практическое значение, выдвинут и обоснован ряд тезисов: 1) одним из основных способов обеспечения инновационного развития экономики Российской Федерации, ее субъектов и муниципальных образований является объединение финансовых ресурсов государства и бизнеса, механизмом, способствующим решению этой задачи, являются специализированные организации с государственным участием - институты развития; 2) без изучения вопроса о результативности функционирования институтов развития невозможно ни формирование эффективных новых институтов развития, ни внесение корректив в механизмы деятельности существующих; 3) оценка эффективности функционирования институтов развития должна осуществляться на основе учета мультипликативных экономических эффектов от реализации инвестиционных проектов. С этой целью в статье раскрыты теоретические основы, понятие и дана классификация институтов развития. С привлечением большого объема фактического материала проведен анализ современного состояния формирования и функционирования институтов развития в России, выявлены основные проблемы и причины их несоответствия достижению стратегических целей функционирования. Особое внимание в статье уделено методическим подходам к оценке эффективности институтов развития. Показано, что результативность деятельности институтов развития должна оцениваться с учетом влияния реализуемых на их основе инвестиционных проектов на социально-экономическое развитие страны и ее регионов. Сформулированы основные положения авторского подхода к оценке эффективности общественно значимых проектов, отличительной особенностью которого является учет мультипликативных экономических эффектов. Статья предназначена для научных и практических работников, специалистов, занимающихся вопросами регионального развития и управления.Статья подготовлена при финансовой поддержке гранта РГНФ, проект № 15-02-00587

Electron tunneling to the surface states at photocatalysis

Simulation of tunneling electrons excited by the sunlight in TiO2 to surface states is performed for TiO2/Si nanostructure. The tunneling transmission coefficient of the surface states created by organic compounds was calculated by phase function method. Dependence of the transmission coefficient of tunneling electrons on potential barrier parameters is explained by interference of transmitted and reflected waves

The Discourse Personality of Politician Sergey Mikheyev with Regards to his Speech Behaviour

This paper presents the results of research into the linguistic personality of politician Sergey Mikheyev when viewed as a discourse personality. Special consideration has been given to the speech behaviour characteristic of a discourse personality. The paper presents the results of the cognitive-discursive and linguo-rhetorical description of a discourse personality.The relevance of this research is based on the growing interest for linguistic personality typology with regards to discourse (K. F. Sedov, V. I. Karasik, N. D. Golev, A. V. Bolotnov, et al.). A mixed type of political discourse that actualises both the personal and status factors of its formation was chosen as the object of analysis. The research focuses on semantic dominants and semantic constructs of the discourse behaviour of the Russian politician Sergey Mikheyev, as well as on the cognitive and linguo-rhetorical mechanisms of the interpretation of speech acts when viewed as elements of individual discourse behaviour. We define the linguo-rhetorical competence of the politician’s personality. The study is novel in that it identifies semantic dominants and semantic constructs found in Mikheyev’s discourse and uses an integrative approach to analysis (cognitive-discursive and linguo-rhetorical). It is proven that semantic dominants, constructs, and presuppositions manifest inventive mechanisms of individual discourse activity. We suggest defining the status of Mikheyev’s discourse personality as a mixed type of elitist linguistic personality that is pragmatically oriented. We prove that the discourse personality of Sergey Mikheyev is a prototype of a future successful politician’s linguistic personality. The paper presents the author’s original communicative competence system of S. Mikheyev’s discourse personality

Emotive-expressive potential of phraseology of linguistic identity: Vladimir Putin

Deals with the linguistic identity of the politician on the material of statements of V.V. Putin. The politician's discourse is studied based on the interpretative analysis of phraseolog