High School–University Collaborations for Latinx Student Success: Navigating the Political Reality

Latinx students are a growing population in postsecondary education but attain degrees at a pace behind their non-Latinx peers. This research examines a partnership between a research university (RU) and career and technical education (CTE) high school, Hillside Technical High School (HTHS). Through a 2-year ethnographic case study, we found that different logistics and cultural values were primary contributors to the bifurcated pathway between high school and college. These pathways were most successfully connected through strategies such as flexibility, personal relationships, and incorporation of community resources as well as viewing the students as resources. Our study suggests a need to reframe partnerships in recognition of the assets that students bring to these e orts, while also creating opportunities for additional faculty support and community involvement

Tibialization of the fibula in a child with chronic osteomyelitis of the tibia: A case report

A case of a ten year old patient on treatment for chronic osteomyelitis of the right tibia is presented. After undergoing multiple sessions of debridement and sequestrectomy, first at a district hospital then at Kenyatta National Hospital, the patient ended up with a large bone defect of the tibia. After his infection was clinically cured, the options for surgical management of the tibial defect included: a through-knee disarticulation, segment transport with the help of a ring fixator and tibialization of the fibula. Amputation was deemed too radical a procedure in a young patient especially now that the infection was cured. Segment transport would have been difficult considering that the bone defect involved almost 70% of bone length. Additionally, we were doubtful how compliant the patient would have been with distraction of the callus by fixator once discharged. We therefore employed tibialization of the fibula to treat this patient. This case discusses tibialization of the fibula as a viable option for  management of large bone defects of the tibia

Production of Giant \u3cem\u3ePanicum\u3c/em\u3e in Contrasting Environments in Semi-Arid Kenya

Giant panicum (Panicum maximum Jacq.) is a tall, vigorous perennial grass that is native to tropical and sub-tropical Africa. It is drought tolerant due to its deep and dense fibrous roots system and grows in a wide range of soil types. It is an important livestock feed and has been extensively cultivated in Brazil (Santos et al. 2006). Despite its wide genetic diversity in East Africa, its potential for livestock feed has not been exploited there due to limited research. Our research was aimed at evaluating the production of several giant panicum ecotypes in contrasting environments in semi-arid areas of Kenya

Being Black (and) Immigrant Students: When Race, Ethnicity, and Nativity Collide

While Black immigrants share some of the racialized experiences of native-Black Americans, they also have distinctive experiences. U.S. education presents an important environment to investigate these experiences as immigrants have the fastest growing child population and these children are increasingly entering the education system. This paper engages a systematic review of the growing body of literature centering on Black immigrants across the U.S. P-20 pipeline (preschool through graduate school). Findings reveal that the presentation of Black immigrants is incomplete in terms of the frameworks and research designs used to examine their educational experiences, pointing to a larger issue of a single narrative concerning this group

A Qualitative Toolkit for Institutional Research

This chapter provides tools, resources, and examples for engaging qualitative inquiry as a part of institutional research and assessment. It supports the development of individual ability and organizational intelligence in qualitative inquiry

Defining childhood severe falciparum malaria for intervention studies.

Background Clinical trials of interventions designed to prevent severe falciparum malaria in children require a clear endpoint. The internationally accepted definition of severe malaria is sensitive, and appropriate for clinical purposes. However, this definition includes individuals with severe nonmalarial disease and coincident parasitaemia, so may lack specificity in vaccine trials. Although there is no “gold standard” individual test for severe malaria, malaria-attributable fractions (MAFs) can be estimated among groups of children using a logistic model, which we use to test the suitability of various case definitions as trial endpoints. Methods and Findings A total of 4,583 blood samples were taken from well children in cross-sectional surveys and from 1,361 children admitted to a Kenyan District hospital with severe disease. Among children under 2 y old with severe disease and over 2,500 parasites per microliter of blood, the MAFs were above 85% in moderate- and low-transmission areas, but only 61% in a high-transmission area. HIV and malnutrition were not associated with reduced MAFs, but gastroenteritis with severe dehydration (defined by reduced skin turgor), lower respiratory tract infection (clinician's final diagnosis), meningitis (on cerebrospinal fluid [CSF] examination), and bacteraemia were associated with reduced MAFs. The overall MAF was 85% (95% confidence interval [CI] 83.8%–86.1%) without excluding these conditions, 89% (95% CI 88.4%–90.2%) after exclusions, and 95% (95% CI 94.0%–95.5%) when a threshold of 2,500 parasites/μl was also applied. Applying a threshold and exclusion criteria reduced sensitivity to 80% (95% CI 77%–83%). Conclusions The specificity of a case definition for severe malaria is improved by applying a parasite density threshold and by excluding children with meningitis, lower respiratory tract infection (clinician's diagnosis), bacteraemia, and gastroenteritis with severe dehydration, but not by excluding children with HIV or malnutrition

Role of student affairs in international student transition and success

International student mobility has grown significantly in recent years, with over 4.1 million students in 2013 who studied abroad around the world (Institute of International Education [IIE], 2016). With the changes in student demographics and increased mobility, student affairs professionals are in a unique role to support international student transition and success. Unfortunately, current research and practice in higher education tends to place a high level of responsibility on the international student to successfully transition to a new campus environment or places the responsibility on the international student affairs/student services office to solely work with these students. Given the multi-faceted needs of international students, we argue that it is critical for student affairs professionals across functional areas to be prepared to support this diverse population

Anemia and nutritional status of HIV-exposed infants and HIV-infected mothers in Busia County, Western Kenya

Background: World Health Organization recommends 6 months of exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) for HIV-exposed infants with maternal antiretroviral drugs (ARVs) to prevent mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) of HIV. Inadequate food and breastfeeding cause malnutrition. Assessment of their nutritional status is essential.Objective: To determine the association of EBF with, maternal and infant hemoglobin and nutritional status.Design: Cross-sectional surveySetting: PMTCT of HIV clinics in Busia County, western KenyaSubjects: HIV-infected mothers and HIV-exposed infantsMethod: Data on socio-demography, food security and maternal ARVs treatment was collected from 371 mothers using a questionnaire. Mother-infant dyads’ anthropometric and hemogram measurements were obtained. Infant weight for height zee scores (WHZ) and maternal body mass index were computed.Results: Three hundred and forty-nine (94%) mothers practiced EBF; 162 (44%) were food insecure; 284 (77%) infants had normal WHZ; 298 (81%), 28 (8%) and 43(12%) mothers were normal, undernourished and overweight respectively; 261 (75%) of infants and 100 (29%) of mothers were anemic. There was no significant difference in the nutritional status of anemic and normal infants (p value 0·423). Difference in hemoglobin of mothers and infants on tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) based and zidovudine-based regimens significantly differed (p values 0.003 and 0.001 respectively).Conclusion & Recommendation: Anemia among HIV-exposed EBF infants is a public health problem in Busia. Normal nutritional status does not imply normal hematological status. Hemogram monitoring is essential for maternal and infant nutritional status assessment in this context

An Intersectional Understanding of African Graduate Students\u27 Experiences in U.S. Higher Education

The adjustment of African international students in the United States may be different from the experiences of international students from other regions as African students are considered racial/ethnic minorities in the U.S. who can be exposed to racism, nativism, and other discrimination. This study focuses on the structural systems impacting African international graduate students in the U.S. and the intercentricity of various forms of opportunities and oppressions impacting their experiences. Findings revealed four themes: (1) Assumptions made by American Peers and Faculty (2) Adjustment Challenges Situated within Campus Systems (3) Campus Internationalization Rhetoric (4) Conflicting Worldviews. While these themes illustrate how students’ experience negative social positioning and other challenges on their campuses, they also demonstrate students resisting marginalizing experiences