Demographic aspects of the development of human capital in Russia and its regions

In the present paper, the contemporary demographic situation that has developed in Russia – which can be described in terms of a demographic crisis – is analysed. One of its most salient characteristics consists in the negative qualitative changes that are occurring in the population, many of them due to the consequences of modern information technology. The negative qualitative changes in the population, which essentially began during the second half of the 1980s and have increased in present-day Russia, prevent the development of human capital in the country. This being the case, the authors give their own interpretation of the concept of “human capital”. The purpose of the work is to justify the primacy of the demographic factor in the formation and development of human capital. Migration in the form of a brain drain also has a negative impact on the development of human capital in Russia and its regions. Confirmation of the above-mentioned thesis is provided in a human development index, calculated for the country as a whole and for its regions. In the work, the methods of demographic analysis, the demographic indicators and indexes, which can be used to analyse the qualitative characteristics of the population, are used. The authors arrive at the conclusion that it is impossible at the present stage to develop human capital without first solving the demographic problems. This is especially true for some regions of Russia. A greater awareness of this will contribute to a more efficient management of demographic processes, which will, in turn, guarantee the positive development of human capital, strengthening and developing the Russian economy and society as a whole

Experience of Semantic-Cognitive Modeling of Religious Worldview in Languages of Different Structure (HARAM Concept)

The experience of reconstructing the religious (Islamic) concept as a value-cognitive and ideological constant is presented on the example of the concept HARAM/HIARAM in Russian and Avar linguistic cultures. The material for the study was data from lexicographic sources, paremiological funds of these languages, data from Russian and Avar texts (including translations) of spiritual literature; language data of the National Corpuses of the Russian and Avar languages. It is noted that the conceptual component of the concept under study reveals similarities in the compared linguocultures: the HARAM semantic model is represented by an obligatory component with a negative connotation 'everything that is bad, evil, sin > forbidden' [certain actions, deeds, objects and phenomena], and an optional component with a positive connotation: 'reserved place, forbidden [for everything bad] territory'. It is clarified that the value component of the concept is wider than in terms of an ordinary prohibition or taboo. It is shown that in the Muslim consciousness HARAM is a multicomponent concept with ambivalent semantics. Similarities and differences in the objectification of this concept may depend, first of all, on the specifics of the religious and linguistic consciousness of a person, his worldview; secondly, they can be conditioned by the discourse in which the concept is explicated, and hence the objectification takes place in different worldview (religious, everyday, etc.). The process of desacralization of the concept HARAM semantics is considered

Experience in Developing Early Warning System for Financial Crises and the Forecast of Russian Banking Sector Dynamic in 2012

The article summarizes the key results of researches in the field of early warning systems for financial crises, conducted by the Center for Macroeconomic Analysis and Short-Term Forecasting (CMASF) since 2005. The proposed early warning system consists of three major blocks: the leading indicators of certain types of risks and the composite leading indicator of a systemic banking crisis; the medium-term scenario forecasting of key macroeconomic and financial indicators; stress testing of credit and liquidity risks of banks. On the basis of this early warning system we estimate the risks of financial crisis and some kinds of systemic risks in the different scenarios for the Russian economy in 2012. The analysis, in particular, revealed a sensitivity threshold of the domestic financial sector to changes in the world oil prices. Furthermore, it was found that the greatest destabilizing effect on the Russian financial sector may be caused by systemic credit risk.systemic financial crises, credit risks, liquidity risks, currency risks, early warning system, leading indicators, stress testing

The numerical cultural code in the Dagestani proverbial picture of the world

This article contains a study of the numerical code in the Dagestani languages in the linguistic and cultural aspect on the basis of paremiological units as a fragment of the Dagestani language picture of the world. The relevance of this kind of research is caused by the interest in the means of presenting the quantitative aspect in relation to the content. The analysis of the defined semantic category based on the Dagestani languages seems relevant regarding the cognitive approach, which makes it possible to reveal the specificity of the linguistic representation of the category of numbers in the Dagestani languages and the national cultural components of the cultural numeric code of the linguistic picture of the world. Each Dagestani language had its own system of calculation and measurement. It was actively used to calculate animals, plants, measures of length, volume, weight, area and time. The most productive and symbolic in the paremiology of the studied languages are the first ten numerals. Words with numerical symbols represent both desirable and undesirable situations in a person's life, when there is a problem of choosing and determining one’s position. In linguoculturological aspect of particular interest are the landmarks of space and time associated with human life and its "existence" after death.peer-reviewe

Interhemisphere asymmetry of the dominant frequency of electroencephalogram rhythms with age

The work investigated the asymmetry of the dominant frequency of electroencephalography (EEG) rhythms in the two hemispheres of the brain. Three age periods were studied: 16-20, 21-35 and 35-60 years. The study of the dominant frequency was carried out in general groups and separately in males and females. Students, additional education students and university staff were recruited as subjects. The dominant frequency of EEG rhythms was studied using a Neuron-Spectrum 1 electroencephalograph in eight monopolar leads. Electrodes were applied to the scalp according to the international “10-20%” system. The subjects’ electroencephalograms were recorded in a state of wakefulness with their eyes closed. The dominant frequency of five EEG rhythms was studied: alpha, beta1, beta2, theta and delta rhythms. It was revealed that at different age periods in general groups there is asymmetry in individual EEG rhythms. In addition, when studying males and females separately, asymmetry in the dominant frequency is observed in them at different age periods. Our data indicate a possible asymmetry in the electrical activity of the cerebral hemispheres in humans aged 16 to 60 years

Demographic Aspects of the Development of Human Capital in Russia and its Regions

In the present paper, the contemporary demographic situation that has developed in Russia – which can be described in terms of a demographic crisis – is analysed. One of its most salient characteristics consists in the negative qualitative changes that are occurring in the population, many of them due to the consequences of modern information technology. The negative qualitative changes in the population, which essentially began during the second half of the 1980s and have increased in present-day Russia, prevent the development of human capital in the country. This being the case, the authors give their own interpretation of the concept of “human capital”. The purpose of the work is to justify the primacy of the demographic factor in the formation and development of human capital. Migration in the form of a brain drain also has a negative impact on the development of human capital in Russia and its regions. Confirmation of the above-mentioned thesis is provided in a human development index, calculated for the country as a whole and for its regions. In the work, the methods of demographic analysis, the demographic indicators and indexes, which can be used to analyse the qualitative characteristics of the population, are used. The authors arrive at the conclusion that it is impossible at the present stage to develop human capital without first solving the demographic problems. This is especially true for some regions of Russia.A greater awareness of this will contribute to a more efficient management of demographic processes, which will, in turn, guarantee the positive development of human capital, strengthening and developing the Russian economy and society as a whole

Data on Sheikh Abdurakhman-Haji as-Suguri in Collection of Sufi Biographies “Khikaya va Manaqib al-Mashaikh an-Naqshbandiyina” by Sharafaddin al-Kikuni

Data on known Dagestan religious and political figure of the 19th century - the Sufi Sheikh Abdurakhman-Haji as-Suguri - found in the Arabic collection of Sufi biographies “Khikaya va manaqib al-Mashaikh an-naqshbandiyina” by Sharafaddin al-Kikuni are considered. The authors of the article translated the fragments of the section of this work. On the example of the analysis of this information, an attempt is made to study the biography of a famous historical figure in the context of the narrative about the surreal events that took place in his life. In the course of work on the text, details are revealed that clarify previously known facts from the biography of a famous religious figure who played an important role in the spread of Sufism ideology in Dagestan. The authors raise the question of the expediency of using the revealed information in research works as a historical source. The textual, historical and philological analysis of the above-mentioned work by Sheikh Sharafaddin al-Kikuni is carried out. Attention is paid to the interpretation of the hagiographic components of the Sufi text, which are closely intertwined with well-known episodes from the biography of Abdurahman-Haji as-Suguri. The researchers conclude that the information about Sheikh as-Sughuri, given in the collection, deserve the attention of experts in various fields of humanitarian knowledge: philologists, historians, religious scholars, ethnographers, etc. Its consideration is important for the study of social, religious and cultural life of Dagestan society of the late 19th - early 20th centuries

Dagestan Arabic-Language Epistolary Materials of the 19th — Early 20th Centuries

The article deals with the Arabic-language epistolary documents of Dagestan origin, dating back to the late 19th — early 20th centuries. The relevance of this study is due to the need to enter into scientific circulation epistolary material from the Fund of Oriental Manuscripts of the Institute of History, Archeology and Ethnography of the Dagestan Federal Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences. It is noted that the introduction of these materials into scientific circulation will allow them to be used as sources of factual information, which can significantly supplement or clarify the facts already known to a specialist historian dealing with a particular problem. An overview of some Arabic-language epistolary documents of Dagestan origin is presented, their thematic characteristics are given, individual excerpts of letters from Arabic into Russian are translated, and the features of these documents are described in a historical context. Particular attention is paid to sources, as a storehouse of valuable information on the study of the socio-economic and political life of the Dagestan society. It is shown that the epistolary heritage allows one to reconstruct and interpret the history of everyday life, personal relationships in society and clarify certain aspects of the life of Dagestan society in the 19th — early 20th centuries

Paper of Dagestan Arabographic Manuscripts and Epistolary Documents of 19th — Early 20th Centuries: Ways of Receipt and Chronology of Use

The article is devoted to the paper of Dagestan Arabic manuscripts and epistolary documents of the 19th — early 20th centuries, as an important aspect of source study. This work allows you to get an idea of the history of Russia’s cultural and economic ties with Dagestan and the countries of the East. In the course of the study, a comparative historical method was used. The authors analyzed the works of domestic and foreign experts on this issue, highlighted the main identification features of the paper of these written documents. The relevance of the ongoing research is due to the need for a comprehensive study of the writing material of the Arabographic monuments of Dagestan origin. The novelty of the work lies in the fact that the paper of these historical sources for the first time became the object of study in domestic source studies. It has been established that in the Dagestan manuscripts and epistolary documents of the 19th — early 20th centuries, the marked paper of Russian manufactories and factories is mainly represented. The article notes that for a full-fledged study of Dagestan Arabographic sources, it is necessary to use advanced digital technology and modern natural scientific developments. The study of historical sources paper is of great importance in the preservation and restoration of monuments of the written culture of the Dagestan peoples

Presentation teachers and parents on the effective kindergarten

The sides touched upon a wide spectrum of issues related to various aspects of the educational process and the conditions of the child in preschool, the factors determining the choice of kindergartensatisfaction of parents of child rearing conditions in kindergarten. Also considered the opinion of teachers regarding the objectives and principles of educational activities, especially their relationship with the child and family, meet the conditions of implementation of the educational process in kindergarten.Затронут довольно широкий спектр вопросов, связанных с различными аспектами образовательного процесса и с условиями содержания ребенка в дошкольном учреждении, факторами, определяющими выбор детского садаудовлетворенность родителей условиями воспитания ребенка в детском саду. Также рассматривается мнение воспитателей относительно целей и принципов воспитательной деятельности, особенности их взаимоотношений с ребенком и семьей, удовлетворенность условиями реализации образовательного процесса в детском саду