186,407 research outputs found
A Report on Six Seminars About the UK Supreme Court
During the first half of 2008, a series of six seminars was held in the School of Law at Queen Mary University of London on the United Kingdom Supreme Court. Participants included Law Lords and other senior members of the judiciary, practitioners, and academics. This report records the fascinating exchange of views that took place at those unprecedented meetings. Among the themes explored were: the selection of cases; relations of the UK Supreme Court with lower courts and tribunals; procedures and costs; communication methods; the UK Supreme Court's jurisdiction over Scottish matters; and the constitutional framework within which the new court will work
Measuring information growth in fractal phase space
We look at chaotic systems evolving in fractal phase space. The entropy
change in time due to the fractal geometry is assimilated to the information
growth through the scale refinement. Due to the incompleteness, at any scale,
of the information calculation in fractal support, the incomplete normalization
is applied throughout the paper. It is shown that the
information growth is nonadditive and is proportional to the trace-form
so that it can be connected to several nonadditive
entropies. This information growth can be extremized to give, for
non-equilibrium systems, power law distributions of evolving stationary state
which may be called ``maximum entropic evolution''.Comment: 10 pages, 1 eps figure, TeX. Chaos, Solitons & Fractals (2004), in
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Sum rules in the heavy quark limit of QCD
In the leading order of the heavy quark expansion, we propose a method within
the OPE and the trace formalism, that allows to obtain, in a systematic way,
Bjorken-like sum rules for the derivatives of the elastic Isgur-Wise function
in terms of corresponding Isgur-Wise functions of transitions to
excited states. A key element is the consideration of the non-forward
amplitude, as introduced by Uraltsev. A simplifying feature of our method is to
consider currents aligned along the initial and final four-velocities. As an
illustration, we give a very simple derivation of Bjorken and Uraltsev sum
rules. On the other hand, we obtain a new class of sum rules that involve the
products of IW functions at zero recoil and IW functions at any . Special
care is given to the needed derivation of the projector on the polarization
tensors of particles of arbitrary integer spin. The new sum rules give further
information on the slope and also on the curvature
, and imply, modulo a very natural assumption, the
inequality , and therefore the absolute bound
.Comment: 64 pages, Late
Study of thermometers for measuring a microcanonical phase transition in nuclear fragmentation
The aim of this work is to study how the thermodynamic temperature is related
to the known thermometers for nuclei especially in view of studying the
microcanonical phase transition. We find within the MMMC-model that the
"S-shape" of the caloric equation of state e^*(T) which is the signal of a
phase transition in a system with conserved energy, can be seen in the
experimentally accessible slope temperatures T_slope for different particle
types and also in the isotopic temperatures T_He-Li. The isotopic temperatures
T_H-He are weaker correlated to the shape of the thermodynamic temperature and
therefore are less favorable to study the signal of a microcanonical phase
transition. We also show that the signal is very sensitive to variations in
mass of the source
From the arrow of time in Badiali's quantum approach to the dynamic meaning of Riemann's hypothesis
The novelty of the Jean Pierre Badiali last scientific works stems to a
quantum approach based on both (i) a return to the notion of trajectories
(Feynman paths) and (ii) an irreversibility of the quantum transitions. These
iconoclastic choices find again the Hilbertian and the von Neumann algebraic
point of view by dealing statistics over loops. This approach confers an
external thermodynamic origin to the notion of a quantum unit of time (Rovelli
Connes' thermal time). This notion, basis for quantization, appears herein as a
mere criterion of parting between the quantum regime and the thermodynamic
regime. The purpose of this note is to unfold the content of the last five
years of scientific exchanges aiming to link in a coherent scheme the Jean
Pierre's choices and works, and the works of the authors of this note based on
hyperbolic geodesics and the associated role of Riemann zeta functions. While
these options do not unveil any contradictions, nevertheless they give birth to
an intrinsic arrow of time different from the thermal time. The question of the
physical meaning of Riemann hypothesis as the basis of quantum mechanics, which
was at the heart of our last exchanges, is the backbone of this note.Comment: 13 pages, 2 figure
Potential food production from forage legume-based-systems in Europe: an overview
peer-reviewedIntensification of EU livestock farming systems has been accompanied by the development of maize silage and intensively fertilised grasses at the expense of forage
legume crops. However in the new context of agriculture, the development of forage
legumes constitutes one of the pillars for future livestock farming systems with high
environmental and economical performances. Yield benefits of grass-clover mixtures
are equivalent fertiliser N inputs of 150 to 350 kg/ha, and productive grass-clover
mixtures can fix 100 to 380 kg N per hectare symbiotically from the atmosphere.
Animal intake of legumes is high and the rate of decline of legume nutritional
quality with advancing maturity is less than for grasses, especially in the case of
white clover, which makes mixed pastures easier to manage. Animal performances
at grazing are identical or higher on clover-enriched pastures. Due to their high
protein concentration, conserved forage legumes fit well with maize silage. Forage
legumes increase the concentration of beneficial α-linolenic acid in ruminant products.
Environmental balance of forage legumes is positive. Increasing the proportion
of white clover at the expense of mineral N fertilisation can reduce the risk of
nitrate leaching. Because forage legumes only require solar energy to fix N from the
air, they also reduce energy consumption and associated impacts. They contribute
to reduce the global warming potential of livestock systems by reducing emission
of enteric methane and nitrous oxide from pasture and crop production. As an
element of arable crop rotations, grass-clover leys suppress pests, diseases and
weeds, improve soil structure and prevent soil erosion and nitrate leaching.
Nevertheless, forage legumes have some limitations: expensive to harvest, difficulties of conservation, management of the associations. To take full advantage of forage legumes in the future, new research and development are required as well as financial support from the EU
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