165 research outputs found
Architectural mismatch tolerance
The integrity of complex software systems built from existing components is becoming more dependent on the integrity of the mechanisms used to interconnect these components and, in particular, on the ability of these mechanisms to cope with architectural mismatches that might exist between components. There is a need to detect and handle (i.e. to tolerate) architectural mismatches during runtime because in the majority of practical situations it is impossible to localize and correct all such mismatches during development time. When developing complex software systems, the problem is not only to identify the appropriate components, but also to make sure that these components are interconnected in a way that allows mismatches to be tolerated. The resulting architectural solution should be a system based on the existing components, which are independent in their nature, but are able to interact in well-understood ways. To find such a solution we apply general principles of fault tolerance to dealing with arch itectural mismatche
Reliability Analysis for the Advanced Electric Power Grid: From Cyber Control and Communication to Physical Manifestations of Failure
The advanced electric power grid is a cyber-physical system comprised of physical components, such as transmission lines and generators, and a network of embedded systems deployed for their cyber control. The objective of this paper is to qualitatively and quantitatively analyze the reliability of this cyber-physical system. The original contribution of the approach lies in the scope of failures analyzed, which crosses the cyber-physical boundary by investigating physical manifestations of failures in cyber control. As an example of power electronics deployed to enhance and control the operation of the grid, we study Flexible AC Transmission System (FACTS) devices, which are used to alter the flow of power on specific transmission lines. Through prudent fault injection, we enumerate the failure modes of FACTS devices, as triggered by their embedded software, and evaluate their effect on the reliability of the device and the reliability of the power grid on which they are deployed. The IEEE118 bus system is used as our case study, where the physical infrastructure is supplemented with seven FACTS devices to prevent the occurrence of four previously documented potential cascading failures
Percolation of Partially Interdependent Scale-free Networks
We study the percolation behavior of two interdependent scale-free (SF)
networks under random failure of 1- fraction of nodes. Our results are based
on numerical solutions of analytical expressions and simulations. We find that
as the coupling strength between the two networks reduces from 1 (fully
coupled) to 0 (no coupling), there exist two critical coupling strengths
and , which separate three different regions with different behavior of
the giant component as a function of . (i) For , an abrupt
collapse transition occurs at . (ii) For , the giant
component has a hybrid transition combined of both, abrupt decrease at a
certain followed by a smooth decrease to zero for as decreases to zero. (iii) For , the giant
component has a continuous second-order transition (at ). We find that
for , ; and for ,
decreases with increasing . In the hybrid transition, at the
region, the mutual giant component jumps
discontinuously at to a very small but non-zero value, and when
reducing , continuously approaches to 0 at for
for . Thus, the known theoretical
for a single network with is expected to be valid
also for strictly partial interdependent networks.Comment: 20 pages, 17 figure
A multimodal real-time MRI articulatory corpus of French for speech research
In this work we describe the creation of ArtSpeechMRIfr: a real-time as well as static magnetic resonance imaging (rtMRI, 3D MRI) database of the vocal tract. The database contains also processed data: denoised audio, its phonetically aligned annotation, articulatory contours, and vocal tract volume information , which provides a rich resource for speech research. The database is built on data from two male speakers of French. It covers a number of phonetic contexts in the controlled part, as well as spontaneous speech, 3D MRI scans of sustained vocalic articulations, and of the dental casts of the subjects. The corpus for rtMRI consists of 79 synthetic sentences constructed from a phonetized dictionary that makes possible to shorten the duration of acquisitions while keeping a very good coverage of the phonetic contexts which exist in French. The 3D MRI includes acquisitions for 12 French vowels and 10 consonants, each of which was pronounced in several vocalic contexts. Ar-ticulatory contours (tongue, jaw, epiglottis, larynx, velum, lips) as well as 3D volumes were manually drawn for a part of the images
Acoustic-phonetic decoding of speech : problems and solutions
Acoustic phonetic decoding of speech recognition constitutes a major step
in the process of continuous speech recognition . This paper reminds the
difficulties of the problem together with the main methods proposed so far
in order to solve it . We then concentrate on the différent complementary
approaches Chat have been investigated by our group : expert system based
on spectrogram reading, recognition by phonetic triphones, connectionist model based on the cortical column unit and stochastic recognition without
segmentation .Le décodage acoustico-phonétique constitue une étape importante en
reconnaissance de la parole continue . Cet article rappelle d'abord les
difficultés du problème et les principales méthodes qui ont été proposées
pour le résoudre . Il présente ensuite les diverses approches complémentaires
adoptées par notre équipe : système expert fondé sur l'activité de
lecture de spectrogrammes, reconnaissance par triplets phonétiques,
modèle connexionniste de colonne corticale et reconnaissance par
méthode stochastique sans segmentation
Methodologies synthesis
This deliverable deals with the modelling and analysis of interdependencies between critical infrastructures, focussing attention on two interdependent infrastructures studied in the context of CRUTIAL: the electric power infrastructure and the information infrastructures
supporting management, control and maintenance functionality. The main objectives are: 1) investigate the main challenges to be addressed for the analysis and modelling of interdependencies, 2) review the modelling methodologies and tools that can be used to address these challenges and support the evaluation of the impact of interdependencies on the dependability and resilience of the service delivered to the users, and 3) present the preliminary directions investigated so far by the CRUTIAL consortium for describing and modelling interdependencies
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