A study of cell membranes in nasal epithelial cells from patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps by means of a fluorescent probe

Aim. To assess the state of membranes in nasal epithelial cells obtained from the patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) with the help of the fluorescent probe 2-(2ʹ-ОН-phenyl)-5-phenyl-1,3-oxazole. Methods. The state of membrane phospholipid bilayer in suspensions of nasal epithelial cells isolated from ten patients with CRSwNP was evaluated using the fluorescent probe 2-(2ʹ-ОН-phenyl)-5-phenyl-1,3-oxazole that reacts on the physico-chemical properties of its microenvironment. Changes in fluorescence spectra were determined using a Thermo Scientific Lumina fluorescence spectrometer (Thermo Fisher Scientific) 1 hour after the addition of the probe to nasal epithelial cell suspensions. Results. CRSwNP was found to be associated with a higher rate of nasal epithelial cell membrane hydration in the region of phospholipid glycerol moiety, carbonyl groups and aliphatic chains of fatty acids attached to the carbonyl groups. Conclusion. Our findings suggest that CRSwNP is accompanied by the elevated hydration rate of the most polar region, namely polar heads of phospholipids of nasal epithelial cell membranes

A study of cell membranes in nasal epithelial cells from patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps by means of a fluorescent probe

Aim. To assess the state of membranes in nasal epithelial cells obtained from the patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) with the help of the fluorescent probe 2-(2ʹ-ОН-phenyl)-5-phenyl-1,3-oxazole. Methods. The state of membrane phospholipid bilayer in suspensions of nasal epithelial cells isolated from ten patients with CRSwNP was evaluated using the fluorescent probe 2-(2ʹ-ОН-phenyl)-5-phenyl-1,3-oxazole that reacts on the physico-chemical properties of its microenvironment. Changes in fluorescence spectra were determined using a Thermo Scientific Lumina fluorescence spectrometer (Thermo Fisher Scientific) 1 hour after the addition of the probe to nasal epithelial cell suspensions. Results. CRSwNP was found to be associated with a higher rate of nasal epithelial cell membrane hydration in the region of phospholipid glycerol moiety, carbonyl groups and aliphatic chains of fatty acids attached to the carbonyl groups. Conclusion. Our findings suggest that CRSwNP is accompanied by the elevated hydration rate of the most polar region, namely polar heads of phospholipids of nasal epithelial cell membranes

Влияние высокой эпидуральной блокады на функцию миокарда левого желудочка после аорто-коронарного шунтирования

Objective. To improve the outcomes of surgical treatment of coronary heart disease, by using high epidural block on the basis of evaluation of myocardial diastolic function in the preoperative and early postoperative periods. Materials and methods. 61 patients with coronary heart disease underwent coronary bypass surgery. According to the methods of analgesia, the patients were divided into 2 groups. A study group included 30 patients who had undergone high epidural block in the early postoperative period. A control group comprised 31 patients, wherein the conventional method for analgesia was applied through the parenteral administration of narcotic analgesics. Follow-up EchoCG was made, by examining the parameters of transmitral flow. The clinical course of a postoperative period and the length of stay in intensive care units were estimated. Results. Baseline diastolic dysfunction was detected in practically all patients. In the early postoperative period, the study group showed a significantly better myocardial diastolic function during high epidural block. In the control group, there was no improvement of the parameters characterizing left ventricular diastolic function. These patients longer stayed in a specialized intensive care unit. Conclusion. The postoperative employment of epidural block results in improved left ventricular diastolic function.Цель исследования : улучшить результаты хирургического лечения ишемической болезни сердца с помощью использования высокой эпидуральной блокады на основании оценки диастолической функции миокарда в предоперационном и раннем послеоперационном периодах.Материалы и методы: больные ишемической болезнью сердца (61 пациент), которым была выполнена операция коронарного шунтирования. В зависимости от методики анальгезии пациенты были разделены на 2 группы. Основную группу составили 30 больных, которым в раннем послеоперационном периоде проводилась высокая эпидуральная блокада. В группе контроля (31 пациент) использовался традиционный метод обезболивания парентеральным введением наркотических анальгетиков. В динамике выполнялось ЭХО-КГ-исследование, при котором исследовались показатели трансмитрального потока. Также оценивали клиническое течение послеоперационного периода и длительность пребывания в отделении реанимации.Результаты: наличие ди-астолической дисфункции исходно выявлено практически у всех больных. В раннем послеоперационном периоде в основной группе отмечено достоверное улучшение диастолической функции миокарда на фоне высокой эпидураль-ной блокады. В группе контроля улучшения показателей, характеризующих диастолическую функцию левого желудочка, не наблюдалось. Эти больные также требовали более длительного пребывания в специализированном реанимационном отделении.Заключение: использование эпидуральной блокады в послеоперационном периоде приводит к улучшению диастолической функции миокарда левого желудочка.

Респираторная терапия острого респираторного дистресс-синдрома у кардиохирургических больных

The purpose of the present investigation was to improve the outcomes of intensive care in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome after cardiac surgery under extracorporeal circulation.Materials and methods. Respiratory therapy was analyzed in 43 patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome after surgery under extracorporeal circulation. According to the procedure of artificial ventilation (AV), the patients were divided into 2 groups: 1) those who had undergone routine tracheal intubation (n=23) AND 2) THOSE who had received noninvasive intubation through a nasal mask (n=20). The respiratory parameters, blood gas composition, central hemodynamic parameters, respiratory support time, and the pattern of complications were analyzed.Results. Noninvasive artificial ventilation permits one to make the patients active in earlier periods and take a spontaneous breath, recovers the respiratory index earlier, reduces the level of positive end-expiratory pressure, the frequency of infectious complications of the tracheobronchial tree, and length of stay in an intensive care unit as compared with endotracheal AV.Conclusion. The findings suggest that noninvasive AV is highly effective and yields better results of treatment in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome.Целью настоящего исследования явилось улучшение результатов интенсивной терапии больных с острым респираторным дистресс-синдромом после кардиохирургических операций с искусственным кровообращением.Материалы и методы. Представлен анализ проведения респираторной терапии у 43 больных с острым респираторным дистресс-синдромом после операций с искусственным кровообращением. Больные разделены на 2 группы в зависимости от метода проведения ИВЛ: традиционная с интубацией трахеи (n=23) и неинвазивная, через назальную маску (n=20). Анализировались респираторные показатели, газовый состав крови, параметры центральной гемодинамики, время окончания респираторной поддержки, характер осложнений.Результаты. Использование НИВЛ позволяет в более ранние сроки активизировать больных и перевести их на самостоятельное дыхание, характеризуется более ранним восстановлением респираторного индекса и снижением уровня ПДКВ, меньшей частотой гнойно-инфекционных осложнений трахеобронхиального дерева, меньшими сроками нахождения в ОРИТ в сравнении с эндотрахеальной методикой ИВЛ.Заключение. Полученные данные свидетельствуют о высокой эффективности неинвазивной ИВЛ и улучшении результатов лечения больных с острым респираторным дистресс-синдромом

Проблема повреждения головного мозга при кардиохирургических вмешательствах в условиях искусственного кровообращения

The paper analyzes today’s concepts on the causes of cerebral dysfunction at surgery under extracorporeal circulation. It considers the medical measures promoting the prevention of brain lesion and the ways of working out new cerebral protective strategies. Key words: psychoneurological complications, extracorporeal circulation.В статье анализируются современные представления о причинах развития нарушения функции головного мозга при кардиохирургических вмешательствах, выполненных в условиях искусственного кровообращения. Рассмотрены лечебные мероприятия, способствующие профилактике повреждения головного мозга, пути создания новых церебропротективных стратегий. Ключевые слова: психоневрологические осложнения, искусственное кровообращение

Educational robotics as an Innovative teaching practice using technology: minimization of risks

This research is focused on studying educational robotics, specifically robots which provide functions of educational activity. We have considered the questions of intelligent agents' behavior and have studied their educational opportunities. Educational robotics is a powerful tool of developing person's skills and abilities in various fields of technical creativity and professional activity. The evolutionary development of robotics is connected with development of artificial intelligence, where emotions play a great role in operations. Nowadays the main thing is to form the ability and skills of optimum interaction with social environment when a person, based on gained knowledge, is capable to put goals of the activity in strict accordance with laws and society conditions and using current technology

UNIVERSE RELATIVITY AND MYTHOPOETIC PARADIGM OF THE “EARTHLY WORLD” IN M. BULGAKOV`S NOVEL “THE MASTER AND MARGARITA”

The purpose of the work is to show the relativity of the Universe in the individual author`s myth of M. Bulgakov based on the analysis of the mythopoetic paradigm of the “earthly world” in the novel “The Master and Margarita” in conjunction with the axiological intention of the writer. So, the purpose stipulates the usage of methodological basis of the study including hermeneutic, structural-semantic, poetological, mythopoetic research methods. In the picture of the world created by M. Bulgakov, the basic semantic-structural basis of the ontological model is the idea of the relativity of the Universe, which is manifested in the understanding of the laws of being and human existence. Covering the epistemological and essential spheres of being, relativity is found in various constants (the idea of Good and Evil, the understanding of which implies the nature of antinomic mutual and co-relations). One of the fundamental philosophical problems is actualized – the Truth and its adequate perception (the characters reveal their involvement or non-participation in the “eternal truths”). The “truths” declared by the characters of Moscow in the 1930s turn out to be not true, knowledge turns out to be ignorance, etc., which is debunked at the plot-figurative level by the tricks of Woland and his retinue. In accordance with the notion of the relativity of being, the existence of the fifth dimension turns out to be admissible; transformations of spatial parameters, instantaneous changes in the topos of the characters, temporal shifts, etc. become possible. In Bulgakov`s artistic world the polystructure of mythopoetic symbolism can be traced to the image of the earthly world in its correlation with solar and lunar imagery and their derivatives (sun and moonbeams, sunset, dawn, etc.). Particularly significant are the reactions of the characters to certain astral objects, as well as qualitative changes in astral objects that react to the actions of people, more broadly – to the state of the world, the ratio of good and evil in it, the trampling of truth, etc. Consideration of polyvariant semantics in connection with the functional features of imagessymbols and symbolic details reveals the dominance of a complex of performed characterological and plotcompositional (code) functions that precede subsequent events in the novel. The article proposes observations on symbolic images and details that remained outside the attention of researchers. The undertaken analysis of the textual material gave grounds for the correction proposed in the work not only of individual interpretive provisions that exist in modern Bulgakov studies, but also for clarifying the ethical and philosophical vectors of the author’s intentionality, due to which demonic evil turns out to be less dangerous than what the human cohort of “small demons” are doing (a storyline associated with the image of Moscow in the 1930s) and people in power (Pilate and others). The latter (power) is recognized by the author of “The Master and Margarita” as a special form of violence against people. Bulgakov`s individual author`s myth is anthropocentric, because mercy and kindness, according to the writer, are the sphere of humans (this is also the subject of the rethinking of the Christian tradition, the strengthening of the human emanation in the image of Yeshua; Margarita and the Master show mercy in the novel). The writer builds a spiritual vertical in which the value scale is formed by the ideas of love, inner freedom, and creativity, which are enduring, eternal values for Bulgakov. Mythopoetic symbolism as a capacious form of a polylogue with the constants of human spiritual being in the 30s of the twentieth century actualizes the author`s internally oppositional dialogue with modernity and its deformations and acts as a productive way of expressing the writer`s artistic consciousness

Educational robotics as an Innovative teaching practice using technology: minimization of risks

This research is focused on studying educational robotics, specifically robots which provide functions of educational activity. We have considered the questions of intelligent agents' behavior and have studied their educational opportunities. Educational robotics is a powerful tool of developing person's skills and abilities in various fields of technical creativity and professional activity. The evolutionary development of robotics is connected with development of artificial intelligence, where emotions play a great role in operations. Nowadays the main thing is to form the ability and skills of optimum interaction with social environment when a person, based on gained knowledge, is capable to put goals of the activity in strict accordance with laws and society conditions and using current technology