∈φ-contraction and some fixed point results via modified ω-distance mappings in the frame of complete quasi metric spaces and applications

In this Article, we introduce the notion of an ∈φ-contraction which based on modified ω-distance mappings and employ this new definition to prove some fixed point result. Moreover, we introduced an interesting example and an application to highlight the importance of our work

Urban wastewater treatment in african countries: Evidence from the hydroaid initiative

This study is based on the evidence collected during the “Technical e-Learning Course on Wastewater Treatment”, an international training project developed in 2020 in Italy by the Hydroaid Association, in collaboration with Turin Polytechnic. This work intended to address the sustainability of urban sanitation in various African countries, which the world of international cooperation has been looking at in recent years with growing interest. A comparative analysis of the current strategies and technological solutions was conducted. Data and information reported by the project participants were elaborated and verified. Four African countries—Benin, Egypt, Ethiopia, and Malawi—were considered and two relevant case studies among those proposed by the participants were presented. Starting from this analysis, significant elements about the status and coverage of wastewater management were extracted and reported. The analysis of existing wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) allowed evaluating their design features and current status of operation. Considerations about the environmental, economic, social, and technical sustainability of wastewater treatment and management were finally reported. Conducting such an analysis provided support in identifying the best practices and the most recurrent problems linked to the various African contexts, which need to be considered for a complete definition of the planning strategy for accessible, efficient, and sustainable sanitation infrastructures

Impact of opioid-free analgesia on pain severity and patient satisfaction after discharge from surgery: multispecialty, prospective cohort study in 25 countries

Background: Balancing opioid stewardship and the need for adequate analgesia following discharge after surgery is challenging. This study aimed to compare the outcomes for patients discharged with opioid versus opioid-free analgesia after common surgical procedures.Methods: This international, multicentre, prospective cohort study collected data from patients undergoing common acute and elective general surgical, urological, gynaecological, and orthopaedic procedures. The primary outcomes were patient-reported time in severe pain measured on a numerical analogue scale from 0 to 100% and patient-reported satisfaction with pain relief during the first week following discharge. Data were collected by in-hospital chart review and patient telephone interview 1 week after discharge.Results: The study recruited 4273 patients from 144 centres in 25 countries; 1311 patients (30.7%) were prescribed opioid analgesia at discharge. Patients reported being in severe pain for 10 (i.q.r. 1-30)% of the first week after discharge and rated satisfaction with analgesia as 90 (i.q.r. 80-100) of 100. After adjustment for confounders, opioid analgesia on discharge was independently associated with increased pain severity (risk ratio 1.52, 95% c.i. 1.31 to 1.76; P < 0.001) and re-presentation to healthcare providers owing to side-effects of medication (OR 2.38, 95% c.i. 1.36 to 4.17; P = 0.004), but not with satisfaction with analgesia (beta coefficient 0.92, 95% c.i. -1.52 to 3.36; P = 0.468) compared with opioid-free analgesia. Although opioid prescribing varied greatly between high-income and low- and middle-income countries, patient-reported outcomes did not.Conclusion: Opioid analgesia prescription on surgical discharge is associated with a higher risk of re-presentation owing to side-effects of medication and increased patient-reported pain, but not with changes in patient-reported satisfaction. Opioid-free discharge analgesia should be adopted routinely

Existence and Uniqueness Results of Coupled Fractional-Order Differential Systems Involving Riemann–Liouville Derivative in the Space Wa+γ1,1(a,b)×Wa+γ2,1(a,b) with Perov’s Fixed Point Theorem

This paper is devoted to studying the existence and uniqueness of a system of coupled fractional differential equations involving a Riemann–Liouville derivative in the Cartesian product of fractional Sobolev spaces E=Wa+γ1,1(a,b)×Wa+γ2,1(a,b). Our strategy is to endow the space E with a vector-valued norm and apply the Perov fixed point theorem. An example is given to show the usefulness of our main results

Existence and Uniqueness Results of Coupled Fractional-Order Differential Systems Involving Riemann–Liouville Derivative in the Space <inline-formula><math display="inline"><semantics><mrow><msubsup><mi>W</mi><mrow><msup><mi>a</mi><mo>+</mo></msup></mrow><mrow><msub><mi>γ</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo>,</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msubsup><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>a</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>b</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow><mo>×</mo><msubsup><mi>W</mi><mrow><msup><mi>a</mi><mo>+</mo></msup></mrow><mrow><msub><mi>γ</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>,</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msubsup><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>a</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>b</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> with Perov’s Fixed Point Theorem

This paper is devoted to studying the existence and uniqueness of a system of coupled fractional differential equations involving a Riemann–Liouville derivative in the Cartesian product of fractional Sobolev spaces E=Wa+γ1,1(a,b)×Wa+γ2,1(a,b). Our strategy is to endow the space E with a vector-valued norm and apply the Perov fixed point theorem. An example is given to show the usefulness of our main results

Personalized Approaches to Antiplatelet Treatment for Cardiovascular Diseases: An Umbrella Review

Angelo Oliva,1,2 Davide Cao,1,3 Alessandro Spirito,1 Johny Nicolas,1 Brunna Pileggi,1,4 Karim Kamaleldin,1 Birgit Vogel,1 Roxana Mehran1 1The Zena and Michael A. Wiener Cardiovascular Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, NY, USA; 2Cardio Center, Humanitas Research Hospital IRCCS Rozzano, Milan, Italy; 3Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele (MI), Italy; 4Department of Cardiopneumonology, Heart Institute of the University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, BrazilCorrespondence: Roxana Mehran, Tel +1-212-659-9649, Email [email protected]: Antiplatelet therapy is the cornerstone of antithrombotic prevention in patients with established atherosclerosis, since it has been proven to reduce coronary, cerebrovascular, and peripheral thrombotic events. However, the protective effect of antiplatelet agents is counterbalanced by an increase of bleeding events that impacts on patients’ mortality and morbidity. Over the last years, great efforts have been made toward personalized antithrombotic strategies according to the individual bleeding and ischemic risk profile, aiming to maximizing the net clinical benefit. The development of risk scores, consensus definitions, and the new promising artificial intelligence tools, as well as the assessment of platelet responsiveness using platelet function and genetic testing, are now part of an integrated approach to tailored antithrombotic management. Moreover, novel strategies are available including dual antiplatelet therapy intensity and length modulation in patients undergoing myocardial revascularization, the use of P2Y12 inhibitor monotherapy for long-term secondary prevention, the implementation of parenteral antiplatelet agents in high-ischemic risk clinical settings, and combination of antiplatelet agents with low-dose factor Xa inhibitors (dual pathway inhibition) in patients suffering from polyvascular disease. This review summarizes the currently available evidence and provides an overview of the principal risk-stratification tools and antiplatelet strategies to inform treatment decisions in patients with cardiovascular disease.Keywords: antiplatelet therapy, cardiovascular disease, P2Y12 inhibitor, aspiri

Jun Blockade of Erythropoiesis: Role for Repression of GATA-1 by HERP2

Although Jun upregulation and activation have been established as critical to oncogenesis, the relevant downstream pathways remain incompletely characterized. In this study, we found that c-Jun blocks erythroid differentiation in primary human hematopoietic progenitors and, correspondingly, that Jun factors block transcriptional activation by GATA-1, the central regulator of erythroid differentiation. Mutagenesis of c-Jun suggested that its repression of GATA-1 occurs through a transcriptional mechanism involving activation of downstream genes. We identified the hairy-enhancer-of-split-related factor HERP2 as a novel gene upregulated by c-Jun. HERP2 showed physical interaction with GATA-1 and repressed GATA-1 transcriptional activation. Furthermore, transduction of HERP2 into primary human hematopoietic progenitors inhibited erythroid differentiation. These results thus define a novel regulatory pathway linking the transcription factors c-Jun, HERP2, and GATA-1. Furthermore, these results establish a connection between the Notch signaling pathway, of which the HERP factors are a critical component, and the GATA family, which participates in programming of cellular differentiation

Phytochemical, antimicrobial and antiprotozoal evaluation of **Garcinia mangostana** pericarp and <tex>\alpha$</tex>-mangostin, its major xanthone derivative

Five xanthone derivatives and one flavanol were isolated from the dichloromethane extract of Garcinia mangostana. Dichloromethane, ethyl acetate extract and the major xanthone (α-mangostin) were evaluated in vitro against erythrocytic schizonts of Plasmodium falciparum, intracellular amastigotes of Leishmania infantum and Trypanosoma cruzi and free trypomastigotes of T. brucei. The major constituent α-mangostin was also checked for antimicrobial potential against Candida albicans, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bacillius subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Mycobacterium smegmatis, M. cheleneoi, M. xenopi and M. intracellulare. Activity against P. falciparum (IC50 2.7 μg/mL) and T. brucei (IC50 0.5 μg/mL) were observed for the dichloromethane extract, however, with only moderate selectivity was seen based on a parallel cytotoxicity evaluation on MRC-5 cells (IC50 9.4 μg/mL). The ethyl acetate extract was inactive (IC50 > 30 µg/mL). The major constituent α-mangostin showed rather high cytotoxicity (IC50 7.5 µM) and a broad but non-selective antiprotozoal and antimicrobial activity profile. This in vitro study endorses that the antiprotozoal and antimicrobial potential of prenylated xanthones is non-conclusive in view of the low level of selectivity