Una nova estimacio retrospectiva del VAB regional industrial. Espanya (1860-1930)

This article offers a new historical dataset of industrial GVA for Spanish provinces (NUTSIII) and autonomous regions (NUTS II). For doing that, a new methodology is proposed in order to estimate historical figures of regional GVA. Traditional estimates of regional industrial output in Spain have usually been based on fiscal sources. These data allowed the estimation of regional industrial capital stocks that were used as a proxy of industrial regional production. Opposite to this, in this article we offer an estimation based on regional industrial factor incomes. In order to carry out the estimation, we have followed the proposals by Geary and Stark (2002) and Crafts (2005). The new estimation offers data of Spanish regional industrial GVA for different years along the period 1860-1930.regional industrial disparities, spatial analysis, economic history

Chaplygin gas with non-adiabatic pressure perturbations

Perturbations in a Chaplygin gas, characterized by an equation of state $p = -A/\rho$, may acquire non-adiabatic contributions if spatial variations of the parameter $A$ are admitted. This feature is shown to be related to a specific internal structure of the Chaplygin gas. We investigate how perturbations of this type modify the adiabatic sound speed and influence the time dependence of the gravitational potential which gives rise to the Integrated Sachs-Wolfe effect in the anisotropy spectrum of the cosmic microwave background.Comment: 16 pages, comments and references added, accepted for publication in Class.Quantum Gra

Avifauna en un area perturbada del bosque andino en el parque nacional natural Farallones de Cali, corregimiento de Pance, Valle del Cauca (Colombia)

El presente conjunto de datos en el formato de archivo Darwin Core incluye información del monitoreo de la avifauna en un área perturbada del Parque Nacional Natural Farallones de Cali. Con el objetivo de caracterizar y determinar la composición y estructura de la avifauna, se llevaron a cabo censos visuales desde agosto 2008 hasta julio 2009 en las localidades de El Topacio y El Pato en recorridos de 2 km de longitud, a elevaciones entre 1550 y 1800 m s.n.m. En total se hicieron 2363 registros de 157 especies de aves, pertenecientes a 41 familias y 19 órdenes. Se observaron 12 especies nuevas para el área, 10 de las cuales son aves propias de áreas abiertas. Nueve especies que habían sido registradas en El Topacio en 1978, no lo fueron en el presente estudio y en consecuencia se consideran extintas y vulnerables localmente, lo cual ilustra y ratifica cómo el reemplazo de los hábitats naturales por potreros, la fragmentación y el efecto de borde afectan negativamente las comunidades de aves en áreas protegidas.This dataset in Darwin Core Archive format includes monitoring information about bird life in a disturbed area of the Farallones de Cali National Natural Park. Aiming to characterize and determine the composition and structure of bird life, visual censuses were carried out from August 2008 to July 2009 at both the El Pato and the El Topacio localities along line census of 2 km and from elevations between1550 to 1800 m a.s.l. A total of 2363 records were obtained of 157 species of 41 families and 19 orders. Twelve were new records for the area, 10 of which are common in open areas. Nine species previously recorded in 1978 at El Topacio were absent and considered locally extinct and vulnerable. This illustrates how the replacement of natural habitats with pasturelands, as well as fragmentation and border effect affect negatively bird communities in protected areas.Fil: Bermudez Vera, Julio Cesar . Universidad del Valle. Departamento de Biología; ColombiaFil: Duque Lopez, Juan Sebastian. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Patagonia Norte. Centro de Investigación Esquel de Montaña y Estepa Patagónicas; ArgentinaFil: Sanchez Martinez, Manuel A. . Universidad del Valle. Departamento de Biología; ColombiaFil: Tenorio, Elkin . Calima - Fundación para la Investigación de la Biodiversidad y Conservación en el Trópico; Colombi

MoBiSea: a binary search algorithm for product clustering in Industry 4.0

Proprietary systems used to modernize Industry 4.0 usually involve high financial costs. Consequently, using low-cost devices with the same functionalities, capable of replacing these proprietary systems but at a lower cost, has become an incipient trend. However, these low-cost devices usually come with electromagnetic interference problems as they are encapsulated in electrical panels, sitting alongside electromechanical devices. In this article, we present Mode Binary Search, an algorithm specifically designed for use in a low-cost automated-industrial-productivity-data-collection system. Specifically, productivity data are obtained from the availability and sealing signals of the thermoplastic sealing machines in production lines belonging to the agri-food industry. Mode Binary Search was designed to cluster sealing signals, thus enabling us to identify which products have been made. Furthermore, the algorithm determines when the manufacturing of each product starts and ends, in other words, the exact moment a product change occurs and all this without the need for operator supervision or intervention. Finally, we compared our algorithm, based on binary search, with three clustering mechanisms: k-means, k-rms and x-means. Out of all the cases we analyzed, the maximum error committed by Mode Binary Search is limited to 2.69%, thereby outperforming all others

Non-emergency patient transport services planning through genetic algorithms

Non-emergency Patient Transport Services (PTS) are provided by ambulance companies for patients who do not require urgent and emergency transport. These patients require transport to or from a health facility like a hospital, but due to clinical requirements are unable to use private or public transport. This task is performed nowadays mainly by human operators, spending a high amount of time and resources to obtain solutions that are suboptimal in most cases. To overcome this limitation, in this paper we present NURA (Non-Urgent transport Routing Algorithm), a novel algorithm aimed at ambulance route planning. In particular, NURA relies on a genetic algorithm to explore the solution space, and it includes a scheduling algorithm to generate detailed routes for ambulances. Experimental results show that NURA is able to outperform human experts in several real scenarios, reducing the time spent by patients in ambulances during non-emergency transportations, increasing ambulance usage, while saving time and money for ambulance companies

Understanding Evolutionary Algorithms through Interactive Graphical Applications

It is very common to observe, especially in Computer Science studies that students have difficulties to correctly understand how some mechanisms based on Artificial Intelligence work. In addition, the scope and limitations of most of these mechanisms are usually presented by professors only in a theoretical way, which does not help students to understand them adequately. In this work, we focus on the problems found when teaching Evolutionary Algorithms (EAs), which imitate the principles of natural evolution, as a method to solve parameter optimization problems. Although this kind of algorithms can be very powerful to solve relatively complex problems, students often have difficulties to understand how they work, and how to apply them to solve problems in real cases. In this paper, we present two interactive graphical applications which have been specially designed with the aim of making Evolutionary Algorithms easy to be understood by students. Specifically, we present: (i) TSPS, an application able to solve the ”Traveling Salesman Problem”, and (ii) FotEvol, an application able to reconstruct a given image by using Evolution Strategies. The main objective is that students learn how these techniques can be implemented, and the great possibilities they offer