Origin of second-harmonic generation in the incommensurate phase of K2SeO4

We show that a ferroelectric phase transition takes place in the incommensurate phase of the K2SeO4 crystal. The ferroelectric character of the IC phase explains the second-harmonic generation observed in the corresponding temperature range.Comment: 5 pages, 1 figur

Electric-field-induced monoclinic phase in (Ba,Sr)TiO3_3 thin film

We have studied electric-field-induced symmetry lowering in the tetragonal (001)-oriented heteroepitaxial (Ba$_{0.8}$Sr$_{0.2}$)TiO$_3$ thin film deposited on (001)MgO substrate. Polarized micro-Raman spectra were recorded from the film area in between two planar electrodes deposited on the film surface. Presence of \textit{c}-domains with polarization normal to the substrate was confirmed from polarized Raman study under zero field, while splitting and hardening of the \textit{E}(TO) soft mode and polarization changes in the Raman spectra suggest monoclinic symmetry under external electric field

Uporaba trodimenzionalne simulacije za razvoj matrica za ekstruziju aluminijskih profila

The automated system of three-dimensional computer simulation with use of FEM is developed. The model is based on the Euler approach. The function of Markov variation principle is used for derivating. The connected task of thermo-viscous-plasticity is solved. The flat die is designed for extrusion of the thin-walled shape from a soft aluminium alloy 6060.Razvijena je automatska trodimenzionalna kompjutorska simulacija uporabom FEM-a. Model se temelji na Eulerovom pristupu. Za deriviranje se koristi funkcija Markovog načela varijacije. Riješen je zadatak termo-viskozne plastičnosti koji je s time povezan. Projektirana je ravna matrica za ekstruziju profila s tankim stjenkama iz mekane aluminijske legure 6060

Universal mechanism of discontinuity of commensurate-incommensurate transitions in three-dimensional solids: Strain dependence of soliton self-energy

We show that there exists a universal mechanism of long-range soliton attraction in three-dimensional solids and, therefore, of discontinuity of any commensurate-incommensurate (C-IC) phase transition. This mechanism is due to the strain dependence of the soliton self-energy and specific features of the solid-state elasticity. The role of this mechanism is studied in detail for a class of C-IC transitions where the IC modulation is one-dimensional, the anisotropy in the order parameter space is small, and the symmetry of the systems allows the existence of the Lifshitz invariant. Two other mechanisms of soliton attraction are operative here but the universal mechanism considered in this paper is found to be the most important one in some cases. Comparison with the most extensively studied C-IC transition in $\rm K_2SeO_4$ shows that the experimentally observed thermal anomalies can be understood as a result of the smearing of the theoretically predicted discontinuous transition.Comment: 8 pages (extended version, title changed

Historical and Legal Aspects of Participation of the Prosecutor in Civil Proceedings in the Russian Federation

The article is devoted to the study of the development of the legal framework of participation of the Prosecutor in civil cases by the courts since the establishment of the posts of prosecutors in 1722 also Dedicated two new historical conditions, when the prosecution was re-established and empowered to participate in the consideration of cases in courts. Analyzed the reasons for the creation of the prosecution, the powers of prosecutors, the relationship of prosecutors and courts

Mechanochemical conversion of acetylene in quartz – ultrafine metal powder system

We have studied the effect of nano-sized metal powders (Zn, Ni), obtained by electric explosion of wires, on mechanochemical conversions of acetylene in the presence of quartz. In the process of acetylene mechanical treatment (MT) in the presence of quartz, benzene is formed. During the mechanical grinding of quartz in planetary-centrifugal mills, active radical sites are formed on quartz surface. It is possible to suppose that due to the influence of mechanical energy acetylene triple bond breaks to form ethyl radicals, which are subjected to chemosorption on active quartz sites with subsequent formation of benzene. The addition of ultrafine Zn powder decreased, while Ni powder considerably increased benzene yield. In the process of MT, particles of ultrafine Zn powder are agglomerated which results in the decrease of its catalytic activity. The increase in benzene yield at the use of ultrafine Ni powder as the additives is associated with catalytic conversion of acetylene into benzene on the newly formed nickel surface. The injection of ultrafine Zn and Ni powders in quartz-acetylene system caused no changes in quantitative composition of acetylene conversion products but affected the amounts of one or other component formation

Основные направления совершенствования законодательства о санитарно-эпидемиологическом благополучии населения Российской Федерации

The subject. A comprehensive study of Russian legislation in the field of biological safety indicates the need to update and systematize the legal framework for protecting the health of citizens and ensuring the sanitary and epidemiological well-being of the population as an important part of the mechanism of legal regulation of the national security of the Russian Federation. The purpose of the article is to confirm or refute hypothesis that there is a possibility and necessity of systematization and codification of public health legislation.The methodology. The authors analyze the practice of applying international law acts regulating the prevention of the spread of dangerous infectious diseases, the conclusions and recommendations of the WHO, the UN and other international organizations, as well as Russian public health legislation.The main results, scope of application. The current problems of Russian public health legislation are investigated, problems, prospects and main directions for its improvement are considered. The issues of theory and practice of legal regulation of public administration in conditions of emergency situations of a biological nature, topical aspects of strategic planning in the field of ensuring the epidemiological safety of regions are studied. Based on the results of a study of the current state of public health legislation, the main directions for its improvement and prospects for further development are substantiated, the position of the authors on the systematization and possible codification of sectoral legislation is presented. Conclusions. Codification of public health legislation is necessary, taking into account the new goals and objectives of the strategy for ensuring biological safety, the experience of applying domestic and international health regulations in a pandemic. This type of systematization of legal norms seems to be the most appropriate for improving the efficiency of the system for ensuring the sanitary and epidemiological welfare of the population of the Russian Federation.Исследуются актуальные проблемы российского законодательства в области охраны здоровья и обеспечения санитарно-эпидемиологического благополучия населения, в том числе вопросы теории и практики правового регулирования государственного управления в условиях чрезвычайных ситуаций биологического характера, актуальные аспекты стратегического планирования в сфере обеспечения эпидемиологической безопасности регионов. На основе анализа практики применения актов международного права, регламентирующих вопросы предупреждения распространения опасных инфекционных заболеваний, выводов и рекомендаций ВОЗ, ООН и других международных организаций, формулируются предложения по совершенствованию национального законодательства в области обеспечения биологической безопасности населения в условиях сложной эпидемиологической обстановки.По итогам исследования современного состояния законодательства о санитарно-эпидемиологическом благополучии населения обосновываются основные направления его совершенствования и перспективы дальнейшего развития, представлена позиция авторов о систематизации и возможной кодификации отраслевого законодательства