Development of optimal location and design capacity of wastewater treatment plants for urban areas: a case study in Samawah city

Water, and related wastewater structures, are critical factors in the existence and the improvement of civilizations. Wastewater gathering and management has a considerable effect on the climate and economy at both regional and global level, and, accordingly, it is appropriate to advance actions that guarantee effective management for wastewater, particularly in urban areas. This research thus examined the environmental and economic aspects of proposed locations for wastewater treatment plants. Samawah city, located in the southern part of Iraq, was selected as a case study for the research methodology, and for research purposes, the studied city was divided into three main zones (1, 2, and 3) of sixteen areas. The Google Earth tool was used to calculate the lowest elevations in the studied zones in order to assess the suggested positions of treatment plants. Additionally, the WinQSB program was utilised to select the most appropriate positions for treatment plants based on data obtained from local government departments. These data include population, water consumption, and required lengths and subsequent cost of pipes. This research thus developed a new strategy for assigning the locations of wastewater treatment plants

Designing a reading literacy curriculum for secondary school students in Egypt

The key contribution of this research is to produce a proposal for a reading literacy curriculum design (RLCD) for secondary school students (15-17 year-old) in Egypt. This proposal includes four major components: targets, assessment, instruction, and content. Two complementary dimensions are investigated: the theoretical analysis (the researcher’s perspective based upon analysis of reading literacy research) and the fieldwork (the empirical study using a questionnaire for teachers and supervisors and a semi-structured interview for other professionals). Those two dimensions are charted through seven chapters and introduction to and conclusion of these chapters. Following an introduction to the research problem, purposes, questions, structure, rationale, and parameters, the successive focus of these chapters is on: - Clarifying the Egyptian context in terms of education system, culture of learning, critical analysis of the actual reading situation and how all of these elements reveal the gap between 'what is' and 'what ought to be' in RLCD in the secondary school in Egypt (Chapter one);- Reading literacy theory: the concept of reading literacy, dimensions, and models and how these can be used a baseline for RLCD (Chapter two);- Theoretical analysis of reading literacy targets and assessment, the first two components of RLCD (Chapter three);- Theoretical analysis of reading literacy instruction and content, the other two components of RLCD (Chapter four);- Research methodology, where survey design was employed and mixed methods were used: a questionnaire and a semi-structured interview. The major aim was to collect data to find out if the practitioners (i.e. secondary school teachers and supervisors) and other professionals (i.e. specialists in curriculum and instruction) in Egypt agree with the reading literacy research (chapter five);- Data analysis, where a descriptive statistical analysis was conducted for data provided by the questionnaire and a cross-sectional or code and retrieve analysis strategy was applied for data provided by the semi-structured interview. Results indicated that the practitioners' perceptions on the questionnaire and the professionals' answers in the semi-structured interview supported what was revealed by the theoretical analysis regarding RLCD. This suggests that the proposed RLCD is a practical proposition and it is timely to do it. It also raises the confidence in RLCD by triangulation of data by using the questionnaire for the practitioners and the semi-structured interview for other professionals and relating all of this to literature analysis (Chapter six);-Developing the proposal (RLCD): its scope, framework, and components: targets, assessment, instruction, and content. The researcher combines all sources of data: the theoretical analysis, the questionnaire data, and the semi-structured interview data (Chapter seven).The conclusion of the research is introduced. It presents a summary of the research and most importantly, it provides a summary of the contribution of the present research to reading literacy curriculum in theory and practice. Deriving from its results, some recommendations for practice and further research are made and a closing reflective epilogue on the research and the researcher is provided

Evolution Of Special Ruled Surfaces Via The Evolution Of Their Directrices In Euclidean 3-Space E3

In this paper, evolutions of ruled surfaces that are generated by the normal and binormal vector fields of space curve (normal and binormal surfaces) are presented. These evolutions of the ruled surfaces depend on the evolutions of their directrices. Geometric visualization of these ruled surfaces are presented. In addition, the conditions which make these surfaces of types inextensible, developable and minimal are obtained

Gender diversity and earnings management: the case of female directors with financial background

Past evidence generally suggests that the presence of female directors on corporate boards tends to improve earnings quality due to these directors’ superior monitoring abilities. However, it is not clear which characteristics and skills of female directors drive such abilities. In this paper, we focus on the financial background of female directors, an area which remains largely unexplored in existing literature. The results show that the participation of female directors with relevant financial background improves earnings quality more than the participation of female directors without such background. In addition, our findings suggest that only female directors possessing relevant financial background and having fewer outside directorships are able to mitigate earnings management and therefore overcommitting expert female directors with more outside directorships would diminish their monitoring ability. We did not find any evidence suggesting that female directors without relevant financial background are able to mitigate earnings management, irrespective of their outside directorships or tenure. We interpret our findings within a theoretical framework that draws on a number of economic and social theories. The results are generally robust after controlling for potential endogeneity problems

Fusion and Breakup Reactions of 17S + 208Pb and 15C + 232ThHalo Nuclei Systems

In this study the calculations of the total fusion reaction cross section have been performed for fusion reaction systems 17F + 208Pb and 15C + 232Th which involving halo nuclei by using a semiclassical approach.The semiclassical treatment is comprising the WKB approximation to describe the relative motion between target and projectile nuclei, and Continuum Discretized Coupled Channel (CDCC) method to describe the intrinsic motion for both target and projectile nuclei. For the same of comparsion a full quantum mechanical clacualtions have been preforemd using the (CCFULL) code. Our theorticalrestuls are compared with the full quantum mechaincialcalcuations and with the recent experimental data for the total fusion reaction  checking the stability of the distancesThe coupled channel calculations of the total fusion cross section σfus, and the fusion barrier distribution Dfus. The comparsion with experiment proves that the semiclassiacl approach adopted in the present work reproduce the experimental data better that the full quantal mechanical calcautions

The Role of Islamic Education Teacher in Moral Education: A Case Study of (IIS) Malaysia

The main purpose of this study is to investigate how the role of Islamic education teachers may influence in nurturing students’ morality. Teaching and nurturing students’ morality across curriculum is one of the important characteristics of the Integrated Curriculum for Secondary Schools in Malaysia. Its main drive is to enhance the potential of the individual students in a holistic, integrated and balanced manner that considers his spiritual, intellectual, emotional and physical growth. The researchers purposively selected two teaching staff from International Islamic School (IIS), Malaysia. The results of Semi-structured interviews revealed that teachers were satisfied about the process of teaching and nurturing students’ moral during the school hours. It was also found that negative influence of peers, some friends outside the school, parents at home had affected the students’ moral behaviour to some extent. The teachers felt that there is a need for support from the school administrator, parents, as well as media in order to reduce moral decay among students at school

THE PROTECTIVE ROLE OF OMEGA-3 AGAINST GENOTOXICITY AND REPRODUCTIVE TOXICITY OF COBALT OXIDE NANOPARTICLES ACUTE TREATMENT IN MALE MICE

Objective: Cobalt nanoparticles (NPs), especially cobalt oxide NPs (Co3O4 NPs) are attracting unique shaped NPs that are used in different biomedical applications and medicine. Different in vitro studies report their toxic and carcinogenic effect but limited in vivo studies were present on its genotoxic potential. The present study was aimed to evaluate the genotoxic potential of Co3O4 NPs on bone marrow cells and sperms and the protective role of omega-3 in male albino mice.Methods: Animals were segregated into four groups that were orally treated for 3 consecutive days, Group 1: Negative control; Group 2: Omega-3 (250 mg/kg); Group 3: Co3O4 NPs (20 mg/kg); and Group 4: Combined group (250 mg/kg Omega-3 and Co3O4 NPs 20 mg/kg).Results: The present results show that Co3O4 NPs administration significantly increased number of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes (PCEs)/1000 PCEs, sperm abnormalities, and DNA damage, significantly decreased sperm motility and concentration in comparison to negative control group. However, Omega-3 administration in the combined group modulates the genotoxic potential of Co3O4 NPs in comparison to Co3O4 NPs group.Conclusion: The present study reports the genotoxic potential of Co3O4 NPs in vivo and assesses the protective role of Omega-3 administration due to its antioxidant effect

Bacterial Colonization of Burn Wounds

The objective behind this work was to find out the bacteriological profile of post burn infections in wound. The study was carried out from December 2010 to February 2011 at the Burns Unit of Al –Kindy Hospital and Al-Yarmook Hospital in Baghdad. Sixty burn patients have been investigated for bacterial profile of burn wound infections. Specimens were collected in the form of wound swabs. The organisms were isolated and identified by standard microbiological methods. Antimicrobial susceptibility test has been done by ATB-PSE5 kit(BioMereiux). Pseudomonas aeruginosa 35(58.3 %) was found to be the most common isolate followed by Klebsiella pneumonae 10(16.6%), Staphylococcus aureus 7(10%). ,E.coli 3(5%), Proteus merabilis 1(1.6 %), others 2(3.3 %).and sterile cultures 2(3.3 %). Antibiotic susceptibility pattren for Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates have shown high susptibility for Amikacin 30(85.0%), Pipracillin-Tazobactam 27(77.2%) Piperacillin 25(71.4%), Ciprofloxaqcin 25(71.4%) and Colistin 24(68.5%) and low susceptibility for Tobramycin 20(57.2%) Gentamycin 18(51.0%). Psudomonas was found to be resistant to most of the therapeutic agent

Improving the delivered power quality from WECS to the grid based on PMSG control model

Renewable energy has become one of the most energy resources nowadays, especially, wind energy. It is important to implement more analysis and develop new control algorithms due to the rapid changes in the wind generators size and the power electronics development in wind energy applications. This paper proposes a grid-connected wind energy conversion system (WECS) control scheme using permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG). The model works to improve the delivered power quality and maximize its value. The system contained one controller on the grid side converter (GSC) and two simulation packages used to simulate this model, which were PSIM software package for simulating power circuit and power electronics converters, and MATLAB software package for simulating the controller on Simulink. It employed a meta-heuristic technique to fulfil this target effectively. Mine-blast algorithm (MBA) and harmony search optimization technique (HSO) were applied to the proposed method to get the best controller coefficient to ensure maximum power to the grid and minimize the overshoot and the steady state error for the different control signals. The comparison between the results of the MBA and the HSO showed that the MBA gave better results with the proposed system

Examining the Influential Factors on Urban Growth and Population Attraction: A Case Study of Almere, Netherlands

This paper explores the intricate nature of population attraction and urban growth, which are influenced by a wide range of social, economic, and environmental factors. Through a case study of Almere, Netherlands, this study investigates the connection between population attraction, urban quality of life, livability, and sustainability. To assess the impact of these factors on urban growth, the study developed a measurable indicator matrix based on a theoretical framework. The study’s results demonstrate that social life, urban economy, population standards, ease of access to services, transportation, and the quality of the built environment are significant factors in population attraction and urban growth. Additionally, the study revealed some previously unconsidered factors that play a crucial role in sustaining population attraction and urban growth. The study’s findings offer insights for urban planners and policymakers to design effective strategies that promote population attraction and foster sustainable urban growth